عوامل موثر بر ارائه خدمات سالمندی فعال در ایران
محورهای موضوعی : -مدارک پزشکیزینب قلی پور 1 , محمود محمودی مجد آبادی فراهانی 2 , لیلا ریاحی 3 , کامران حاجی نبی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: مدیریت خدمات سالمندی, سالمندی فعال, خدمات سالمندی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: بسیار حائز اهمیت است که سالمندان تا حد ممکن، مستقل و فعال باقی بمانند تا بتوانند در اجتماع مشارکت داشته باشند. امروزه ایجاد سیستم مدیریت ارائه خدمت با کیفیت برای سالمندان، مورد توجه کشورها قرار گرفته است. هدف این پژوهش شناسایی عوامل موثر بر ارائه خدمات با کیفیت به سالمندان، می‌باشد.روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی - مقطعی و به روش ترکیبی (کمی و کیفی) می باشد. جمعیت آماری 287 نفر از مدیران سالمندی در سازمان‌های مرتبط با سالمندی بودند. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه ساخته دست پژوهشگر بوده و اعتبار صوری و محتوائی آن تائید شد. روائی آن از طریق دو شاخص CVR (ضریب نسبت روایی) و CVI (شاخص روایی محتوا)، تاییدگردید. داده ها با آمار توصیفی و آزمون t تک نمونه ای و نرم‌افزارSPSS تحلیل گردید.یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق، مولفه‌‌های پرداخت مستمری غیرمشارکتی به سالمندان (0/001=P و 32/14=t)، بیمه مراقبت بلندمدت (0/001=P و 27/23=t)، خدمات مراقبت سیار (0/001=P و 27/71=t)، کارت‌های تخفیف مراکز تفریحی و ورزشی (001/0=P و 41/21=t)، کارت های تخفیف حمل و نقل (0/001=P و 18/27=t)، چک آپ‌های سلامتی و خدمات سرپایی رایگان (0/001=P و 26/47=t)، تاسیس بیمارستان ها و درمانگاه های مخصوص سالمندان (0/001=P و 22/61=t) و طرح تحصیل در دانشگاه‌ها (001/0=P و 17/23=t)، در ارائه خدمات سالمندی فعال موثر می باشد.نتیجه‌گیری: اگردولت و ارگان های مذکور بر بهبود مولفه های موثر در ارائه خدمات سالمندی تمرکز نموده و موانع و مشکلات موجود را مرتفع نمایند، نتایج قابل ملاحظه ای در رابطه با بهبود کیفیت خدمات سالمندی فعال در بلند مدت متصور خواهد بود.
Introduction: It is very important that as many as possible, elderly people remain independent and active so that they can actively participate in the community. Today, delivering quality management services for elderly people has attracted the attention of the countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective factors on provide active aging services.Methods: The method of this study descriptive-cross sectional research and combination (qualitative and quantitative) method. The statistical population of this study is involved the 287 elderly managers in organizations related to the provision of active aging services. The research tool was questionnaire wich was developed by researcher. Quantitative assessment was done using content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one sample t-test and SPSS software.Results: According to the findings of this study, the State Pension (Non-Contributory) payment for elderly people (p=0/001, t=32/14), long-term care insurance (p=0/001, t=27/23), mobile care services (p=0/001, t=27/71), discount card of recreational sports centers(p=0/001, t=21/41), shipping discounts (p=0/001, t=18/37), health check-ups and outpatient care services (p=0/001, t= 26/47), elderly's hospitals and specialist clinics (p=0/001, t= 22/61) and plan of study in university (p=0/001, t=17/23), are effective in providing active aging services.Conclusion: The active aging service quality will be better and will get good results in this way in long-term, if the government and other organizations focus on improving the effective components of aging services and try to solve Barriers and problems.
1- Singh B, Kiran U. Recreational activities for senior citizens. IOSR J Human Soc Sci, 2014; 19(4): 24-30.
2- Amir Sadraei A, Soleimani H. Elderly in Iran and its implications. Journal of Health System Research; 2012:1(2). [In Persian]
3- Sazlina S. Health screening for older people—what are the current recommendations? Malaysian family physician: the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia, 2015; 10(1): 2.
4- Alizadeh M, fakhrzadeh H, Sharifi F, Mohamadiazar M, Nazari N. Analytical performance of administrations in charge of ageing program in Iran. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders, 2013; 13(1): 74-81. [In Persian]
5- Nasiri M, Foroughan M, Rashedi V, Shahbazi MR. The Impact of Rehabilitation Module of Iran Welfare Organization Among Older Adults. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2016; 11(1): 110-7. [In Persian]
6- Ranjbar N. Good aging; a review of the concepts of aging. Tehran: Tarhe naqd; 2018. [In Persian]
7- Aguila E, Lopez-Ortega M, Gutierrez Robledo LM. Non-contributory pension programs and frailty of older adults: Evidence from Mexico. PloS one, 2018; 13(11): e0206792.
8- Arifin EN, Braun KL, Hogervorst E. Three pillars of active ageing in Indonesia. Asian Population Studies, 2012; 8(2): 207-30.
9- Buys L, Miller E. The meaning of" active ageing" to older Australians: Exploring the relative importance of health, participation and security; 2006.
10- Fernández-Ballesteros R, Molina MÁ, Schettini R, Del Rey ÁL. Promoting active aging through university programs for older adults. GeroPsych; 2012.
11- Thanakwang K, Isaramalai S-a, Hattakit U. Thai cultural understandings of active ageing from the perspectives of older adults: a qualitative study. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 2014; 18(2): 152-65.
12- Shoaei F, Nejati V. Elderly-Caring Service Pattern in USA Comparing With Iran. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2008; 3(1): 68-77. [In Persian]
13- Organization WH, Ageing WHO, Unit LC. WHO global report on falls prevention in older age: World Health Organization; 2008.
14- Liotta G, Canhao H, Cenko F, Cutini R, Vellone E, Illario M, et al. Active Ageing in Europe: Adding Healthy Life to Years. Front Med (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2018 2018; 5:[123 p.]. Available from: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/29780804
15- Europe UNECf. Introducing the active aging index: Policy brief. Geneva: United Nations; 2013.
16- Hutchison T, Morrison P, Mikhailovich K. A review of the literature on active ageing. Canberra: Healthpact Research Centre for Health Promotion and Wellbeing; 2006.
17- Bongaarts J. Population Aging and the Rising Cost of Public Pensions. Population and Development Review; 2004; 30(1): 1-23.
18- An overview of elderly medicine: Health Department of Semnan unicersity of medical science and health services; 1383.
19- Azizi Zeinalhajlou A, Amini A, Tabrizi J. Consequences of Population Aging in Iran with Emphasis on its Increasing Challenges on the Health System (Literature Review). Depiction of Health., 2015; 6(1): 54-64. [In Persian]
20- Galiani S, Gertler P, Bando R. Non-contributory pensions. Labour Economics, 2016; 38: 47-58.
21- Rajabi M, Jahanshiri S, Kashani movahhed B, Rezaei Hoseinabadi H, Hoseini Shafiabadi M, Qashqaei AM, et al. Quality of life in and its correlates in elderly in Tehran, Iran. Health Monitor Journal of the Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, 2017; 16(4): 531-41. [In Persian]
22- Danesh Doost A. Analysis on Medical Insurance Status of the Elderly in China,World Insurance News, 2011;: 13(154). [In Persian]
23- Rahimi M, Fadaye Vatan R, Davatgaran K, Biglarian A, Shirazikhah M, Boroomandpoor M, et al. Effectiveness of Day Care Services of Karaj Kahrizac Rehabilitation Center on Activities of Daily Living Among Older People, 2010 April-2011 March. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2013; 8(3): 7-16. [In Persian]
24- Daniilidou NV, Economou C, Zavras D, Kyriopoulos J, Georgoussi E. Health and social care in aging population: an integrated care institution for the elderly in Greece. International Journal of Integrated Care,. 2003;3(4).
25 -Maroof M, Ahmad A, Khalique N, Ansari MA. Awareness of geriatric welfare services among rural elderly population. Int J Res In Med Sci, 2016; 4(7): 2783-7.
26- Safdari R, Sadeghi F, Mohammadiazar M. Aged care and services programs in Iran: Looking at the performance of relevant organizations, 2016. [In Persian]
27- Sun X, Chen Y, Tong X, Feng Z, Wei L, Zhou D, et al. The use of annual physical examinations among the elderly in rural China: a cross-sectional study. BMC health services research, 2014; 14(1): 16.
28- Doshmangir P, Shirzadi S, Tagdisi MH, Doshmangir L. Effect of an educational intervention according to the PRECEDE model to promote elderly quality of life. J Educ Community Health, 2014; 1(2): 1-9. [In Persian]
29- Nanbakhsh F, Mohaddesi H, Amirai A, Broomand F, Bahadori F, Gol Mohamadlo S. The effect of health education on elderly weomen life quality. Journal of Payavard Salamat, 2011; 5(1): 47-57. [In Persian]
30- Hanoch Y, Rice T. Can limiting choice increase social welfare? The elderly and health insurance. The Milbank Quarterly, 2006; 84(1): 37-73.
1- Singh B, Kiran U. Recreational activities for senior citizens. IOSR J Human Soc Sci, 2014; 19(4): 24-30.
2- Amir Sadraei A, Soleimani H. Elderly in Iran and its implications. Journal of Health System Research; 2012:1(2). [In Persian]
3- Sazlina S. Health screening for older people—what are the current recommendations? Malaysian family physician: the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia, 2015; 10(1): 2.
4- Alizadeh M, fakhrzadeh H, Sharifi F, Mohamadiazar M, Nazari N. Analytical performance of administrations in charge of ageing program in Iran. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders, 2013; 13(1): 74-81. [In Persian]
5- Nasiri M, Foroughan M, Rashedi V, Shahbazi MR. The Impact of Rehabilitation Module of Iran Welfare Organization Among Older Adults. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2016; 11(1): 110-7. [In Persian]
6- Ranjbar N. Good aging; a review of the concepts of aging. Tehran: Tarhe naqd; 2018. [In Persian]
7- Aguila E, Lopez-Ortega M, Gutierrez Robledo LM. Non-contributory pension programs and frailty of older adults: Evidence from Mexico. PloS one, 2018; 13(11): e0206792.
8- Arifin EN, Braun KL, Hogervorst E. Three pillars of active ageing in Indonesia. Asian Population Studies, 2012; 8(2): 207-30.
9- Buys L, Miller E. The meaning of" active ageing" to older Australians: Exploring the relative importance of health, participation and security; 2006.
10- Fernández-Ballesteros R, Molina MÁ, Schettini R, Del Rey ÁL. Promoting active aging through university programs for older adults. GeroPsych; 2012.
11- Thanakwang K, Isaramalai S-a, Hattakit U. Thai cultural understandings of active ageing from the perspectives of older adults: a qualitative study. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 2014; 18(2): 152-65.
12- Shoaei F, Nejati V. Elderly-Caring Service Pattern in USA Comparing With Iran. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2008; 3(1): 68-77. [In Persian]
13- Organization WH, Ageing WHO, Unit LC. WHO global report on falls prevention in older age: World Health Organization; 2008.
14- Liotta G, Canhao H, Cenko F, Cutini R, Vellone E, Illario M, et al. Active Ageing in Europe: Adding Healthy Life to Years. Front Med (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2018 2018; 5:[123 p.]. Available from: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/29780804
15- Europe UNECf. Introducing the active aging index: Policy brief. Geneva: United Nations; 2013.
16- Hutchison T, Morrison P, Mikhailovich K. A review of the literature on active ageing. Canberra: Healthpact Research Centre for Health Promotion and Wellbeing; 2006.
17- Bongaarts J. Population Aging and the Rising Cost of Public Pensions. Population and Development Review; 2004; 30(1): 1-23.
18- An overview of elderly medicine: Health Department of Semnan unicersity of medical science and health services; 1383.
19- Azizi Zeinalhajlou A, Amini A, Tabrizi J. Consequences of Population Aging in Iran with Emphasis on its Increasing Challenges on the Health System (Literature Review). Depiction of Health., 2015; 6(1): 54-64. [In Persian]
20- Galiani S, Gertler P, Bando R. Non-contributory pensions. Labour Economics, 2016; 38: 47-58.
21- Rajabi M, Jahanshiri S, Kashani movahhed B, Rezaei Hoseinabadi H, Hoseini Shafiabadi M, Qashqaei AM, et al. Quality of life in and its correlates in elderly in Tehran, Iran. Health Monitor Journal of the Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, 2017; 16(4): 531-41. [In Persian]
22- Danesh Doost A. Analysis on Medical Insurance Status of the Elderly in China,World Insurance News, 2011;: 13(154). [In Persian]
23- Rahimi M, Fadaye Vatan R, Davatgaran K, Biglarian A, Shirazikhah M, Boroomandpoor M, et al. Effectiveness of Day Care Services of Karaj Kahrizac Rehabilitation Center on Activities of Daily Living Among Older People, 2010 April-2011 March. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2013; 8(3): 7-16. [In Persian]
24- Daniilidou NV, Economou C, Zavras D, Kyriopoulos J, Georgoussi E. Health and social care in aging population: an integrated care institution for the elderly in Greece. International Journal of Integrated Care,. 2003;3(4).
25 -Maroof M, Ahmad A, Khalique N, Ansari MA. Awareness of geriatric welfare services among rural elderly population. Int J Res In Med Sci, 2016; 4(7): 2783-7.
26- Safdari R, Sadeghi F, Mohammadiazar M. Aged care and services programs in Iran: Looking at the performance of relevant organizations, 2016. [In Persian]
27- Sun X, Chen Y, Tong X, Feng Z, Wei L, Zhou D, et al. The use of annual physical examinations among the elderly in rural China: a cross-sectional study. BMC health services research, 2014; 14(1): 16.
28- Doshmangir P, Shirzadi S, Tagdisi MH, Doshmangir L. Effect of an educational intervention according to the PRECEDE model to promote elderly quality of life. J Educ Community Health, 2014; 1(2): 1-9. [In Persian]
29- Nanbakhsh F, Mohaddesi H, Amirai A, Broomand F, Bahadori F, Gol Mohamadlo S. The effect of health education on elderly weomen life quality. Journal of Payavard Salamat, 2011; 5(1): 47-57. [In Persian]
30- Hanoch Y, Rice T. Can limiting choice increase social welfare? The elderly and health insurance. The Milbank Quarterly, 2006; 84(1): 37-73.
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1- Singh B, Kiran U. Recreational activities for senior citizens. IOSR J Human Soc Sci, 2014; 19(4): 24-30.
2- Amir Sadraei A, Soleimani H. Elderly in Iran and its implications. Journal of Health System Research; 2012:1(2). [In Persian]
3- Sazlina S. Health screening for older people—what are the current recommendations? Malaysian family physician: the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia, 2015; 10(1): 2.
4- Alizadeh M, fakhrzadeh H, Sharifi F, Mohamadiazar M, Nazari N. Analytical performance of administrations in charge of ageing program in Iran. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders, 2013; 13(1): 74-81. [In Persian]
5- Nasiri M, Foroughan M, Rashedi V, Shahbazi MR. The Impact of Rehabilitation Module of Iran Welfare Organization Among Older Adults. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2016; 11(1): 110-7. [In Persian]
6- Ranjbar N. Good aging; a review of the concepts of aging. Tehran: Tarhe naqd; 2018. [In Persian]
7- Aguila E, Lopez-Ortega M, Gutierrez Robledo LM. Non-contributory pension programs and frailty of older adults: Evidence from Mexico. PloS one, 2018; 13(11): e0206792.
8- Arifin EN, Braun KL, Hogervorst E. Three pillars of active ageing in Indonesia. Asian Population Studies, 2012; 8(2): 207-30.
9- Buys L, Miller E. The meaning of" active ageing" to older Australians: Exploring the relative importance of health, participation and security; 2006.
10- Fernández-Ballesteros R, Molina MÁ, Schettini R, Del Rey ÁL. Promoting active aging through university programs for older adults. GeroPsych; 2012.
11- Thanakwang K, Isaramalai S-a, Hattakit U. Thai cultural understandings of active ageing from the perspectives of older adults: a qualitative study. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, 2014; 18(2): 152-65.
12- Shoaei F, Nejati V. Elderly-Caring Service Pattern in USA Comparing With Iran. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2008; 3(1): 68-77. [In Persian]
13- Organization WH, Ageing WHO, Unit LC. WHO global report on falls prevention in older age: World Health Organization; 2008.
14- Liotta G, Canhao H, Cenko F, Cutini R, Vellone E, Illario M, et al. Active Ageing in Europe: Adding Healthy Life to Years. Front Med (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2018 2018; 5:[123 p.]. Available from: http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/29780804
15- Europe UNECf. Introducing the active aging index: Policy brief. Geneva: United Nations; 2013.
16- Hutchison T, Morrison P, Mikhailovich K. A review of the literature on active ageing. Canberra: Healthpact Research Centre for Health Promotion and Wellbeing; 2006.
17- Bongaarts J. Population Aging and the Rising Cost of Public Pensions. Population and Development Review; 2004; 30(1): 1-23.
18- An overview of elderly medicine: Health Department of Semnan unicersity of medical science and health services; 1383.
19- Azizi Zeinalhajlou A, Amini A, Tabrizi J. Consequences of Population Aging in Iran with Emphasis on its Increasing Challenges on the Health System (Literature Review). Depiction of Health., 2015; 6(1): 54-64. [In Persian]
20- Galiani S, Gertler P, Bando R. Non-contributory pensions. Labour Economics, 2016; 38: 47-58.
21- Rajabi M, Jahanshiri S, Kashani movahhed B, Rezaei Hoseinabadi H, Hoseini Shafiabadi M, Qashqaei AM, et al. Quality of life in and its correlates in elderly in Tehran, Iran. Health Monitor Journal of the Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research, 2017; 16(4): 531-41. [In Persian]
22- Danesh Doost A. Analysis on Medical Insurance Status of the Elderly in China,World Insurance News, 2011;: 13(154). [In Persian]
23- Rahimi M, Fadaye Vatan R, Davatgaran K, Biglarian A, Shirazikhah M, Boroomandpoor M, et al. Effectiveness of Day Care Services of Karaj Kahrizac Rehabilitation Center on Activities of Daily Living Among Older People, 2010 April-2011 March. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing, 2013; 8(3): 7-16. [In Persian]
24- Daniilidou NV, Economou C, Zavras D, Kyriopoulos J, Georgoussi E. Health and social care in aging population: an integrated care institution for the elderly in Greece. International Journal of Integrated Care,. 2003;3(4).
25 -Maroof M, Ahmad A, Khalique N, Ansari MA. Awareness of geriatric welfare services among rural elderly population. Int J Res In Med Sci, 2016; 4(7): 2783-7.
26- Safdari R, Sadeghi F, Mohammadiazar M. Aged care and services programs in Iran: Looking at the performance of relevant organizations, 2016. [In Persian]
27- Sun X, Chen Y, Tong X, Feng Z, Wei L, Zhou D, et al. The use of annual physical examinations among the elderly in rural China: a cross-sectional study. BMC health services research, 2014; 14(1): 16.
28- Doshmangir P, Shirzadi S, Tagdisi MH, Doshmangir L. Effect of an educational intervention according to the PRECEDE model to promote elderly quality of life. J Educ Community Health, 2014; 1(2): 1-9. [In Persian]
29- Nanbakhsh F, Mohaddesi H, Amirai A, Broomand F, Bahadori F, Gol Mohamadlo S. The effect of health education on elderly weomen life quality. Journal of Payavard Salamat, 2011; 5(1): 47-57. [In Persian]
30- Hanoch Y, Rice T. Can limiting choice increase social welfare? The elderly and health insurance. The Milbank Quarterly, 2006; 84(1): 37-73.