بررسی مقدماتی زنبورهایBethylidae (Hym.: Chrysidoidea) در شهرستان
محورهای موضوعی : حشره شناسی گیاهان زراعی
کلید واژه: ایران, فون, Chrysidoidea, Bethylidae, زنبور,
چکیده مقاله :
خانواده ی Bethylidae متعلق به بالاخانواده ی Chrysidoidea است و به عنوان گروه ابتدایی از بال غشاییانAculeata شناخته می شود که در اغلب مناطق گسترش یافته اند. این خانواده شامل 100 جنس و 2400 گونه ی معتبر در دنیا می باشد. این تحقیق طی سال های 1388 تا 1391 برای شناسایی فون زنبورهای این خانواده در شهرستان تبریز، استان آذربایجان شرقی (شمال غرب ایران) انجام گرفت. ده جنس شامل 19 گونه مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت که از این تعداد گونه‌یLaelius rufipes Foerster و پنج جنس Bethylus، Glenosema، Plastanoxus، RhabdepyrisوTrachepyris برای فون ایران جدید می باشند. نمونه های شناسایی شده عبارتند از: زیرخانواده ی Bethylinae شامل Bethylus sp. و Goniozus sp. و زیرخانواده ی Epyrinae شامل CephalonomiatarsalisAshmead ، EpyrisfraternusWestwood، E. macrocerusKieffer، E.macromma Kieffer، E.marshalli Kieffer، E. minorKieffer، E. nigerWestwood، E.transversesKieffer، E. quinquecarinatusKieffer، Glenosemasp.، HolepyrisfulvusXu, He & Ma،H. nearfuscus Xu, He & Ma،LaeliusrufipesFoerster ، Laelius sp. ، Plastanoxus sp.، RhabdepyrisnearpallidipennisKiefferوTrachepyrissp.. لیستی از کل گونه‌های متعلق به این خانواده در ایران تهیه گردید.
The family Bethylidae belong to the Chrysidoidea and known as a group of primitive Aculeate Hymenoptera. They are widely distributed from the tropics to the subarctic regions of the World. Bethylidae are cosmopolitan wasps, with approximately 100 valid genera and 2400 valid species around the world. These wasps are mostly ectoparasitoid of lepidopterous and coleopterous larvae. Bethylids are mostly considered as the biological control agent for various pests. This study was conducted during 2009-2012 to identify Bethylidae fauna of Tabriz, Azarbaijan-e-Sharghi province (northwest of Iran). As a result, 10 genera including 19 species were identified. Of which, Laelius rufipes Foerster and five genera i.e. Rhabdepyris, Plastanoxus, Bethylus, Trachepyris, Glenosema are new for Iranian fauna. Following species were identified in this study: Subfamily Bethylinae including Bethylus sp. and Goniozus sp. and subfamily Epyrinae including Cephalonomia tarsalis Ashmead, E. fraternus Westwood, E. macrocerus Kieffer, E. macromma Kieffer, E. marshalli Kieffer, E. minor Kieffer, E. niger Westwood, E. transverses Kieffer, E. quinquecarinatus Kieffer, Glenosema sp., Holepyris fulvus Xu, He & Ma, H. near fuscus Xu, He & Ma, Laelius rufipes Foerster, Laelius sp., Plastanoxus sp., Rhabdepyris near pallidipennis Kieffer and Trachepyris sp.. A checklist of the family Bethylidae in Iran was presented.
Alavi J, Gholizadeh M. 2006. Report of two of parasitoids bethylid wasps on larva of grape berry moths Lobesia botrana Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Khorasan-e-Shomali province. 18th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 24-27 Aug. 2008. p. 47.
Alencar IDCC, Azevedo CO. 2006. Definition of the coronatus species-group (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae, Dissomphalus) with description of thirteen new species. Zootaxa 1330: 1–26.
Azevedo CO. 2006. Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: range extension and filling gaps in Australia. Check List 2(1): 42-44.
Azevedo CO, Gobbi FT. 2006.The Brazilian Holepyris (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), with description of a new species from Amazonian forest.Zootaxa 1357: 61–68.
Azevedo CO, Alencar IDCC, Barbosa DN. 2010. Order Hymenoptera, family Bethylidae. Arthropod Fauna of the UAE 3: 388–411.
Azevedo CO, Guimaraes BH. 2006. Notes on geographic distribution Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: Range extension and filling gaps in Yemen. Check List 2(3): 26-29.
Azevedo CO, Waichert C. 2004. Fourteen new species of Pseudisobrachium (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Atlantic rain forest of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Zootaxa 661: 1–22.
Barbosa DN, Azevedo CO. 2009. Laelius Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Madagascar, with description of two new species. Zootaxa 2170: 1–14.
Davatchi A, Shojai M. 1968. Les Hyménoptères entomophages de l'IRAN-études faunistiques. Iranien Plant Protection Congrées, Octobre, Téhéran, 89 pp.
Ehteshami F, Aleosfoor M, Allahyari H, Alichi M, Akrami M A, Kiany M. 2010a. First record of Goniozus legneri Gordh (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), the larval ectoparasitoid of carob moth, in Iran. 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 31 July-3 August 2010. p. 123.
Ehteshami F, Aleosfoor M, Allahyari H, Alichi M, Akrami MA, Kiany M. 2010b. Primary investigation on the biology of Goniozus legneri Gordh (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), a larval ectoparasitoid of carob moth, on Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller). 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 31 July-3 August 2010. p. 605.
Evans HE. 1959. The genus Anisepyris in America North of Mexico (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Proceeding of The Entomological Society of Washington 61(3): 97-120.
Evans HE. 1961. A revision of the genus Pseudisobrachium in north and central America (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 126(2): 210-318.
Evans HE. 1964. A synopsis of the American Bethylidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 132: 1-222.
Evans HE. 1965. A revision of the genus Rhabdepyris in the Americas (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 133(2): 67-151.
Gordh G, Howkins BA. 1986. Bibliography of the world literature of the Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Bethyloidea). Insecta Mundi 1(4): 261-283.
Goulet H, Huber JT. 1993. Hymenoptera of the World: An Identification Guide to Families. Research Branch Agriculture Canada, pp. 133-136.
Habibpour B, Kamali K, Meidani J. 2002. Insects and mites associated with stored products and their arthropod parasites and predators in Khuzestan province (Iran). Integrated Protection of Stored Products IOBC Bulletin 25(3): 89-91.
Medvedev GS. 1988. Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR. Vol 3, Hymenoptera, part II, Nauka Publishers, Leningrad, pp. 3-19.
Moczar L. 1966. Kieffer's Mesitius and Epyris-types in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 58: 427-443.
Moczar L. 1970a. Mesitinae of World with new genera and species 1. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Acta Zoological Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 58: 175-203.
Moczar L. 1970b. Mesitinae of World, genera Sulcomesitius Moczar and Metrionotus Moczar (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Acta Zoological Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XVI(3-4): 409-451.
Moczar L. 1971. Mesitinae of World, genera "Mesitius spinola", Pilomesitius Moczar, Parvoculus Moczar, Pycnomesitius Moczar and Heterocoelia Dahlbom (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Acta Zoological Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae XVII(3-4): 295-332.
Mohagery A, Fathizadeh A, Tabibnejad A. 1998. Useful and destructive insects associated with date-palms and dates at Khuzestan province. 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 23-27 August 1998, Karaj, Iran, p. 156.
Mugrabi DF, Azevedo CO. 2010. Insecta, Hymenoptera, Bethylidae: Range extension and filling gaps in Madagascar. Check List 6(1): 62-63.
Nagy CG. 1970. Contribution toward a revision of the European species of the genus Epyris Westw. (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 46(2): 265-272.
Noyes JS. 1982. Collecting and preserving chalcid wasps (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Journal of Natural History 16: 315-334.
Samadi-Afshar N, Lotfalizadeh H, Ebrahimi E. 2013. Species of the genus Epyris (Hym.: Bethylidae) in East-Azarbayjan Province. Applied Entomology and Phytopathology 81(1): 61-71.
Terayama M. 1993. Check lists of Bethylidae of the Oriental and the southeastern part of Palaearctic regions (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Toho Institute of Education, Tokyo 32 pp.
Terayama M. 1995a. The phylogeny of the bethylid wasp tribe Sclerodennini (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). The Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 54: 64-73.
Terayama M. 1995b. Phylogeny and distribution of the subfamily Bethylinae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Bethylidae). Bulletin Biogeography Society of Japan 50(1): 1 - 9.
Terayama M. 1995c. Phylogenetic systematics of Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea), with a taxonomic revision of the Japanese species and descriptions of new taxa from Asia, Australia, South America and Africa.PhD Thesis, The University of Tokyo, 692 pp.
Terayama M. 1996a. Discovery of the genus Glenosema from the Oriental region with descriptions of three new species (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Florida Entomologist 79(4): 591-595.
Terayama M. 1996b. Phylogeny of the bethylid wasp subfamily Pristocerinae (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Japan Journal of Entomology 64(3): 587-601.
Terayama M. 1996c. A new species of the genus Pseudisobrachium from Hong Kong (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Species Diversity 1: 71-73.
Terayama M. 2003a. Phylogenetic systematics of the family Bethylidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) part I. Higher classification. Academic Reports of Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Polytechnic University 26(1): 1-15.
Terayama M. 2003b. Phylogenetic systematics of the family Bethylidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) part II. Keys to subfamilies, tribes and genera in the world. Academic Reports of Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Polytechnic University 26 (1): 16-29.
Terayama M. 2006. Theinsects of Japan 1. Bethylidae: Hymenoptera. Entomological Society of Japan 1: 1-317.
Triplehorn CA, Johnson N. 2005. Borror and Delong’s Introduction to the Study of Insects.7th Edition. Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. 853 pp.
Vikberg V, Koponen M. 2005. Contribution to the taxonomy of the Palaearctic species of the genus Laelius Ashmead, mainly from Finland and Sweden (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea: Bethylidae). Entomologica Fennica 16: 23-50.
Waichert C, Azevedo CO. 2009.Phylogenetic analysis of Rhabdepyris (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) and redefinition of generic limits based on morphological characters. Zootaxa 2284: 1–29.
Xu ZF, He JH, Ma Y. 2003. Taxonomic notes on Chinese members of the genus Holepyris Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 28(2): 323-332.