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  • ارزیابی اثرات خشکسالی بر حق آبه زیست محیطی با استفاده از شاخصهای جامع (مطالعه موردی: رودخانه میناب –هرمزگان)

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کد مقاله : JEST-2009-5171 (R2) بازدید : 128 صفحه: 187 - 199

10.30495/jest.2022.55583.5171

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

ارزیابی اثرات خشکسالی بر حق آبه زیست محیطی با استفاده از شاخصهای جامع (مطالعه موردی: رودخانه میناب –هرمزگان)

محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیست

سعیده رستم افشار 1 , سیده هدی رحمتی 2 , هدایت فهمی 3

1 - دانشجوی مهندسی محیط زیست -منابع آب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران .
2 - استادیار گروه مهندسی محیط زیست-منابع آب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - مشاور صنعتی( معاون دفتر برنامه‌ریزی کلان آب و آبفا)، وزارت نیرو، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/07/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/09/18 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/01

کلید واژه: روش منحنی جریان, حقابه زیست محیطی, رودخانه میناب, روش اصلاح شده مونتانا, خشکسالی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: یکی از مهمترین راهکارهای حفاظت از محیط زیست، تعیین حق آبه زیست محیطی می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثرات خشکسالی بر جریان زیست محیطی رودخانه میناب در استان هرمزگان و تعیین حق آبه و ایجاد تعادل زیست محیطی می باشد.روش بررسی: به دلیل عدم شناخت کافی از روشهای تعیین حق آبه زیست محیطی در ایران و سازگاری آنها با مدیریت و شرایط اقلیمی کشور، پس از بررسی کلیه روشهای موجود، سرانجام روش اصلاح شده مونتانا و منحنی تداوم جریان به عنوان روشهای بهینه انتخاب شدند.یافته ها: پس از انتخاب محدوده مورد مطالعه، آمار دبی رودخانه در محل ایستگاه برنطین در روردخانه میناب طی سال های 1342 تا 1396 جمع آوری و در وحله اول متوسط بلند مدت ماهانه و نهایتا میانگین بلندمدت سالانه تعیین که برابر 16/8 مترمکعب برثانیه بود. ازآنجایی که دبی ماهانه ماههای مهر، آبان، اردیبهشت لغایت شهریور از دبی متوسط سالانه کمتر هستند بعنوان ماههای کم آب و ماههای آذر، دی الی فروردین جزو ماه های پرآب محسوب گردیدند. سپس میانگن بلند مدت ماههای کم آب معادل 80/ 2 و ماههای پرآب برابر65/15 مترمکعب برثانیه تعیین شد. حقابه زیست محیطی رودخانه میناب بر اساس کلاس های مدیریتی مختلف باروش اصلاح شده مونتانا برای ماههای کم آب برابر 28/0 و پر آب برابر 56/1 و با روش منحنی مدت جریان برابر 24/1 مترمکعب بر ثانیه تعیین شد.بحث و نتیجه گیری: بنا بر این، حداقل دبی برای تامین نیاز زیست محیطی رودخانه میناب برای ماههای کم اب باید 28/0 و برای ماههای پرآب بین 24/1 و 56/1 مترمکعب بر ثانیه در نظر گرفته شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: One of the the most effective method to protect environment, is to know minimum amount of water required for environment at the right time. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of drought on the environmental flow of Minab River, in order to create environmental balance.Material and Methodology: Because of insufficient knowledge of different methods in Iran and their compatibility with management and climatic conditions of the country, after reviewing all available methods, the modified Montana and the flow continuity were selected as the optimal methods.Findings: After selecting the study area, flow discharge at the Brentin station in the Minab River during the years 1963 to 2017 were collected. Firstly, monthly average flow was calculated and later, annual average flow was determined which was equal to 8.16 cubic meters per second. Since the monthly average flow for October, November amd May to September are less than the annual average flow, they were considered as low water period and from December to April were considered as high water period. In the next step, river flow for low-water period and high-water period were calculated and equaled to 2.80 and 15.65 cubic meters per second respectively. Finally, based on different management classes, environmental flow of the Minab River using modified Montana method was calculated and equalled to 0.28 for the low water period and 1.56 for the high water period. Environmental flow with flow duration method equaled to 1.24 cubic meters per second.Discussion and Conclusion: The results reveals that, minimum flow to meet the environmental needs for the Minab River during low water period should be considered 0.28 and between 1.24 and 1.56 cubic meters per second at high water period repectively. 

منابع و مأخذ:


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_||_

  1. Environmental Protection Organization (2011). Iranian Wetlands Protection Plan, a guide to determining the needs of Iranian wetlands.
    2.
  2. Abediny, A. et al. (2004). Investigation of heavy metal pollution (Cd, Fe, Pb, Zn, Cu) in the water of Hasanlu Reservoir Dam Lake (West Azerbaijan). The Second National Conference on Environmental Crises in Iran and Strategies for Improving Them. Islamic Azad University - Science and Research Branch of Ahvaz Center.                                                                                               
    3.
  3. Parham, H. et al. (2008). Investigation of changes in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and some environmental parameters in the lake behind Karkheh dam and determining its balance. The Second National Conference on Environmental Crises in Iran and Strategies for Improving Them. Islamic Azad University - Science and Research Branch of Ahvaz Center.                                                        
    4.
  4. Mostafapoor, S., Sabet Raftar, A., (2007). Investigating the challenges and problems of environmental impact assessment of dams. The first specialized workshop on dam and environment.
    5.
  5. Ghermandi, A.; J.C.J.M. Van den Bergh, L.M. Brander, and P.A.L.D. Nunes. (2008). the Economic Value of Wetland Conservation and Creation: A Meta-Analysis. [Working Paper 79]. Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Milan, Italy.
    6.
  6. Ten, Brink. P.; T. Badura. A. Farmer. And D. Russi. (2012). the economics of Ecosystem and Biodiversity for Water and Wetlands: ABriefing Note. Institute for European Environmental Policy, London.
    7.
  7. Niering, W.(1985). Wetlands, New York: Knopf.
    8.
  8. Bassi, N.; M. Dinesh Kumai, A; Sharma, and P. Pardha- Saradhi. (2014). Status of wetlands in India: A review of extent, ecosystem benefits, threats and management strategies. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies,2: 1-190
    9.
  9. Zedler, J.B. and S. Kercher. (2005). Wetland resources: status, trends, ecosystem services and restorability. Annu. Rev. Environ.Resour, 30(1).
    10.
  10. Molur, S.; K.G. Smith; B.A. Daniel, and W.R.T. Darwall.(2011). The status and Distribution of Freshwater Biodiversity in the WesternGhats, India. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Cambridge and Gland.
    11.
  11. McAllister, D.E.; J.F. Craig, N. Davidson, S. Delany, and M. Seddon (2001). Biodiversity Impacts of Large Dams, International Unionfor Conservation of Nature and United Nations Environmental Programme, Gland and Nairobi.
    12.
  12. Amini, Shadbad. Yasi, M. (2008). Estimation of environmental flow in rivers, 4th National Congress of Civil Engineering, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
    13.
  13. Behmanesh, J. Mostafavi, S. (2009). Predicting flow rate and environmental flow, Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Tabriz, Iran. Case study: kher Kherh River. (In Persian)
    14.
  14. Abtahi, S.H. Hemati, M. (2016). Calculating environment flow for Eco-hydrological stability of rivers down stream of Sarogh dam using hydrological method, first International Conference on Water, Environment and Sustainable Development, Ardabil, Iran. (In Persian)
    15.
  15. Rayhaneh, M. et al. (2016). Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on the River's Environmental Flow Using Hydrological Indices. Case study: Kordan River. (In Persian)
    16.
  16. Mostafavi, S. Yasi. M. (2015). Evaluation of Minimum Environmental Flow of Rivers by Eco-Hydrological Methods. Case study: Barandazchay River, Water and Soil Journal of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad - Faculty of Agriculture. (In Persian)
    17.
  17. Tennant DL.(1976). Instream flow regimens for fish, wildlife, recreation and related environmental resources, Fisheries 1: 6-10.
    18.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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