بررسی ترجیحات استفاده‌کنندگان از فضاهای عمومی ورودی شهرها با تأکید بر معیارهای زیست‌محیطی (نمونه موردی: باغات سنتی اطراف ورودی شرقی قزوین)
محورهای موضوعی :
محیط زیست شهری
مریم قاسمی تبار
1
,
محمدرضا خطیبی
2
1 - کارشناس ارشد برنامه‌ریزی شهری، گروه شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی قزوین، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد قزوین، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قزوین، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات).
تاریخ دریافت : 1398/09/05
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/04/21
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/08/01
کلید واژه:
روش AHP,
باغات سنتی قزوین,
معیارهای زیست‌محیطی,
ترجیحات استفاده‌کنندگان,
ورودی شهر,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: برنامه ریزی بدون توجه به ابعاد مختلف شهری در ورودی شهرها، سبب تجمیع کاربری‌های ناسازگار، بناهای پراکنده و بی ارزش و خیابان های عریض و بی روح در محورهای ورودی اکثر شهرها شده است. از آنجایی که ورودی شهر نخستین فضای شهری است که افراد با آن برخورد می‌کنند و نخستین تصویر ذهنی از یک شهر را در میان ساکنان و تازه‌واردان ایجاد می کند؛ لذا توجه به ترجیحات استفاده‌کنندگان از فضاهای ورودی شهر و کیفیات آن با تأکید بر معیارهای زیست‌محیطی بسیار اهمیت داشته و ساماندهی آن را ضروری می‌کند. با توجه به ظرفیت قرارگیری باغات سنتی اطراف ورودی شرقی شهر قزوین و اهمیت بصری محورهای ورودی شهر، این پژوهش به صورت خاص تر به دنبال بررسی اثرات معیارهای زیست محیطی بر انتخاب و ترجیح استفاده کنندگان از محورهای ورودی شهر می باشد.روش بررسی: این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از حیث ماهیت توصیفی-تحلیلی با ماهیت پیمایشی می‌باشد. در پژوهش حاضر 30 پرسشنامه ویژه متخصصان در سازمان‌های شهری توزیع گردید و در نهایت با استفاده از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی AHP معیارهای کلی و زیرمعیارها وزن دهی و اولویت‌بندی شدند. قلمرو زمانی تحقیق بین سال های 1398-1399 می باشد.یافته‌ها: نتایج حاصل از تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها نشان می‌دهد که بیشترین درجه اهمیت معیارها از نظر متخصصین شهری به‌منظور افزایش ترجیحات استفاده‌کنندگان از فضای ورودی مربوط به معیار خوانایی است. پس از آن معیارهای سرزندگی، پذیرندگی، تشخص و بهداشت محیط هریک به ترتیب در ترجیحات استفاده‌کنندگان از فضای ورودی شهرها حائز اهمیت هستند.بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: وضعیت هریک از معیارهای کیفی ترجیحات استفاده‌کنندگان از فضای ورودی در باغات سنتی ورودی شرقی شهر قزوین بررسی شده و در نهایت پیشنهادهایی به‌منظور ارتقاء کیفیت ورودی از طریق سکانس بندی ورودی ارائه گردیده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objectives: Planning regardless of the different dimensions of the urban entrances, has caused the aggregation incompatible land uses, scattered and worthless buildings, widespread and soulless streets in the main city entrance axes. Since the urban entrance is the first urban space that people deal with and creates the first image of a city among residents and newcomers; therefore, attention to the user preferences of the urban entrance spaces and its qualities with emphasis on environmental criteria is very important and needs to be regulated. Considering the capacity of the traditional gardens around the eastern entrance of Qazvin and the visual significance of the city entrance axis, this research, is specifically looking at the effects of environmental criteria on the users’ selection and preference of the city entrance axis. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical nature with matter of survey.Material and Methodology: In this present study, 30 expert questionnaires were distributed in urban organizations and finally, by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), overall criteria and sub-criteria were weighted and prioritized.Findings: The results show that the most important criteria in terms of urban experts in order to increase the users’ preferences from the urban entrance spaces is related to Readability criterion. Subsequently, the Vitality, Sense of invitation, Individuation, and Environmental Health criteria are respectively in the users’ preferences of the urban entrance spaces.Discussion and Conclusion: The status of each qualitative criteria of user preferences from entrance space in traditional gardens of the eastern entrance of the Qazvin has been surveyed and finally, some suggestions have been made to improve the quality of entrance through entrance sequences.
منابع و مأخذ:
1. Khatibi, M. & Rezaie, S., (2014). How to design the entrances of cities with the sequence approach of the Entrance area of the city (Case study: Qazvin entrance from Takestan side). National Conference on New Theories in Architecture and Urbanism, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch. (In Persian)
2. Daneshpour, A. & Mastiani, M., (2014). Development of strategies for entrance design of cities with the approach of perceptual-visual qualities (Case study: Southeast entrance of Tehran metropolis). Scientific-Research Journal of Iranian Scientific Association of Architecture and Urbanism, Vol. 7, pp. 5-22. (In Persian)
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15. Bagheri, Y. & Mansouri, S.A., (2018). City entrance, as an element for creating an independent identity for the city landscape. Journal of Bagh-E Nazar, Vol. 60, pp. 5-14. (In Persian)
16. Sanei, M., Khodadad, S. & Khodadad, M., (2018). Flexible Urban Public Spaces and their Designing Principles, Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism, Vol. 8, pp. 39-43
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18. Lin, M.L. & Yang, R-X., (2019). An Environmental Improvement Strategy for an Urban Green Farm Garden: A Case Study of Dongguang Green Garden Road, Taichung City, 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environmental Science, Vol. 291, Perth, Australia
19. Zakiazadeh, F. & Zakiazadeh, F., (2015). Organizing the entrance of the city with an urban planning approach (Case study: main entrance of Karaj city). National Conference on Architecture and urbanism native to Iran, Yazd. (In Persian)
20. Sajadi, J., Afrasiabirad, M., Tavkolinia, j. & Yousefi, H., (2017). Analysis of Global Environmental Indices by Urban Sustainable Development Approach, Journal of Human Geography Research, Vol. 4, pp. 907-927. (In Persian)
21.Atlas comprehensive Plan of Qazvin city, 2011. (In Persian)
22. Detailed plan of Qazvin city, Urban planning and Architecture Vice- Directorate, 2019. (In Persian)
_||_1. Khatibi, M. & Rezaie, S., (2014). How to design the entrances of cities with the sequence approach of the Entrance area of the city (Case study: Qazvin entrance from Takestan side). National Conference on New Theories in Architecture and Urbanism, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch. (In Persian)
2. Daneshpour, A. & Mastiani, M., (2014). Development of strategies for entrance design of cities with the approach of perceptual-visual qualities (Case study: Southeast entrance of Tehran metropolis). Scientific-Research Journal of Iranian Scientific Association of Architecture and Urbanism, Vol. 7, pp. 5-22. (In Persian)
3. Bahreini, S.H. & Tabibian, M., (1998). Assessment model of urban environment quality. Journal of Ecology, Vol. 21, pp. 41-56. (In Persian)
4. Bahreini, S.H. & Ali Talb Baboli, N., (2002). Development of principles and rules of environmental design of the urban entrance. Environmental Journal, Vol. 30, pp. 13-36. (In Persian)
5. Khatibi, M., (2011). Explain the principles and criteria for the restoration of lost urban spaces (Urban entrances area). PhD thesis, Under the guidance of Dr. Farah Habib, Islamic Azad University of Research Sciences. (In Persian)
6.Barkapour, N. & Jahanseir, F., (2015). Environmental citizenship and analysis of citizenship behavior in Qazvin city. Journal of City Identity, Vol. 28, pp. 53-66 (In Persian)
7. Hatami, Y. & Zakerhaghighi, K., (2018). Investigating the factors affecting the selection of public Space by Citizens (Case Study: Bu-ali Sina and Ekbatan Walkways). Haft Hesar: Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 23, pp. 81-94. (In Persian)
8.Rezvani, A., (2016). The spirit of the city: a redefinition of the city, the space, the urban space and determination of the spiritual criteria, Journal of Green Architecture, Vol. 4, pp. 55-79 .(In Persian)
9.Pakzad, J., (2005). A guide to Urban Space Design in Iran. Ministry of Housing and Urban development. (In Persian)
10. Dixon, K. & Wolf, K., (2007). Benefit and Risks of urban Roadside Landscape: Finding a Livable, Balanced Response, 3rd Urban Street Symposium
11. Minouie, Sh., Bazargani, R., Ebrahimi, M., (2014). Surveying the readability factors on the Entrance of Iranian cities, 6th national Conference on Urban Planning and Management with Emphasis on the Components of the Islamic City, Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian)
12. Wolch, J.R., Byrne, J. & Newell, J.P., (2014). Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: The challenge of making cities ‘just green enough, Landscape & Urban Plan, Vol. 125, pp. 234–244.
13. Lee, Y-CH. & Kim, K-H., (2015). “Attitudes of Citizens towards Urban Parks and Green Spaces for Urban Sustainability: The Case of Gyeongsan City, Republic of Korea”, Sustainability, Vol. 7, pp. 8240 – 8254
14. Barati, N. & NajafiTaroujeni, S.N., (2016). Evaluation of city entrance symbols using of physical design factors. (the Case Study of Qazvin), Journal of Urban Studies, Vol. 19, pp. 81-91. (In Persian)
15. Bagheri, Y. & Mansouri, S.A., (2018). City entrance, as an element for creating an independent identity for the city landscape. Journal of Bagh-E Nazar, Vol. 60, pp. 5-14. (In Persian)
16.Sanei, M., Khodadad, S. & Khodadad, M., (2018). Flexible Urban Public Spaces and their Designing Principles, Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism, Vol. 8, pp. 39-43
17.Xu, N., Wang, J. & Wang, W., (2019). Revealing Urban Public Space Patterns through Quantitative Comparison between the Old City of Nanjing and Zurich, Sustainability, Vol. 11, pp.
18. Lin, M.L. & Yang, R-X., (2019). An Environmental Improvement Strategy for an Urban Green Farm Garden: A Case Study of Dongguang Green Garden Road, Taichung City, 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environmental Science, Vol. 291, Perth, Australia
19. Zakiazadeh, F. & Zakiazadeh, F., (2015). Organizing the entrance of the city with an urban planning approach (Case study: main entrance of Karaj city). National Conference on Architecture and urbanism native to Iran, Yazd. (In Persian)
20.Sajadi, J., Afrasiabirad, M., Tavkolinia, j. & Yousefi, H., (2017). Analysis of Global Environmental Indices by Urban Sustainable Development Approach, Journal of Human Geography Research, Vol. 4, pp. 907-927. (In Persian)
21. Atlas comprehensive Plan of Qazvin city, 2011. (In Persian)
22. Detailed plan of Qazvin city, Urban planning and Architecture Vice- Directorate, 2019. (In Persian)
