بهره وری زیستمحیطی و رابطه آن با درآمد در گروه کشورهای اسلامی (D8)
محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد محیط زیستمهسا عیوض صحرا 1 , سامان ضیایی 2 , محمود احمدپور برازجانی 3 , علیرضا سرگزی 4
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران. *( مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
4 - عضو هیات علمی گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.
کلید واژه: شاخص مالم کوئیست, کارایی محیط زیست, کشورهای اسلامی, دادههای تابلویی, تحلیل پوششی داده,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: رشد اقتصادی هدف اصلی بسیاری از سیاست های اقتصادی دولتهاست. بااینحال، رشد اقتصادی سریع معمولاً باعث ایجاد زیآن های جدی به محیطزیست (به دلیل استفاده فزاینده از منابع طبیعی) میشود. از این رو، یک تضاد بالقوه بین سیاست های رشد اقتصادی و وضعیت محیطزیست وجود دارد، بنابراین به تدریج موضوع تعارض میان رشد اقتصادی و کیفیت محیطزیست به یکی از موضوعات مورد بحث در حوزه اقتصاد محیطزیست تبدیل شد. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش، با استفاده از روش تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) کارایی محیط زیست برای کشورهای اسلامی در حال توسعه (D8) طی دوره 2014-1980 محاسبه شد. آنگاه، با استفاده از روش دادههای تابلویی به بررسی ارتباط بین کارایی محیط زیست و درآمد سرانه پرداخته شد. اطلاعات مربوط به این کشورها از سایتهای مختلف اقتصادی مانند (Data world bank, Economy watch and …) جمعآوری گردید. یافته ها: نتایج نشان می دهد میانگین کارایی محیطزیست کشورهای D8 با نرخ 02/1 افزایش یافته است. این افزایش کارایی ناشی از افزایش کارایی تکنولوژی با نرخ 021/1 و نرخ 998/0 در کارایی فنی می باشد. کارایی فنی هم به خاطر افزایش در کارایی مدیریت (1) و کارایی مقیاس (998/0) است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: رشد کارایی محیط زیست در ایران 016/1 است که بعد از مالزی(053/1)، اندونزی(042/1)، نیجریه(036/1) و ترکیه(025/1) در درجه پنجم قرار دارد. براساس نتایج بدست آمده رابطه مستقیمی بین درآمد سرانه و آلودگی زیست محیطی وجود دارد در نتیجه قانون کوزنتس در این کشورها برقرار نیست.
Background and Objective: Economic growth is the main goal of many economic policies of governments. However, rapid economic growth often causes serious damage to the environment (due to the increasing use of natural resources). Hence, there is a potential contradiction between economic growth policies and the state of the environment, so gradually the issue of conflict between economic growth and environmental quality became one of the topics of discussion in the field of environmental economics. Method: In the field of environmental economics in this study, using data envelopment analysis method (DEA) the environmental efficiency was calculated for developing Islamic countries (D8) during the period of 1980-2014. Then, using the panel data method, the relationship between environmental efficiency and per capita income was investigated. Information about these countries was collected from various economic sites such as the Data world bank, Economy watch and …. Findings: The results show that the average of environmental efficiency of the D8 countries increased at a rate of 1.02. This increases the efficiency of technology to increase efficiency at the rate of 1.021 and 0.998 of technical efficiency. Technical efficiency is because of the increase in management efficiency (1) and scale efficiency (0.998). Discussion and Conclusion The growth of environmental efficiency in Iran is 1.016, which is in the fifth place after Malaysia (1.053), Indonesia (1.042), Nigeria (1.036) and Turkey (1.025). According to the results, there is a direct relationship between per capita income and environmental pollution, so Kuznets law is not established in these countries.
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- Huq, A., ASM, k. and Arshad, M. (2010). Technical efficiency of chili production. American journal of applied science. 7: 185- 190.
- Khanna, N. and Kumar, H. (2009). The Income Elasticity of Non-Point Source Air Pollutants: Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Economics Letters. 77: 387–392.
- Malmquist, S. (1953). Index numbers and indifference surfaces. Trabajos de Estatistica, 4: 209-242.
- Managi, S. and Jena, R. (2008). Environmental productivity and Kuznets Cruve in India. Ecological Economics. 65(2): 432-440.
- Naser Zadeh, S. (2010). Evaluation of Biodegradability of Iranian Thermal Power Plants by Data Envelopment Analysis. Master's Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University. (In Persian)
- Pejouyan, J., and Moradhasel , N, (2007). The Effect of Economic Growth on Air Pollution. Iranian Journal of Economic Research. 4 (7): 160-141. (In Persian)
- Rafei, M. (2010). Investigating the relationship between economic growth and environmental performance in Iran and several selected countries. Master's Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University. (In Persian)
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- Asafu Ajaei, J. (2002). Environmental economics for non-economists, ranslated by Siavash Dehghanian and Zakaria Farajzadeh. Ferdowsi University Press, Mashhad. (In Persian)
- Brazdik, F. (2006). Non-parametric analysis of technical efficiency, factors affecting efficiency of west Java rice farms, working paper. 286-292.
- Candmir, M. and Koyubenbe, N. (2006). Efficiency analysis of dairy farms in the province of Izmir (Turkey), Journal of Applied Animal Research. 1: 61-64.
- Dlaini, S., Rugambisa, J. I., Masuku, M. B. and Belete, A. (2010). Technical efficiency of the small scale sugarcane farmers in Swaziland: A case study of Vuvulane and Big bend farmers. African J of Agricultural Research. 5: 935-940.
- Emadzadeh, M., Bastani Far, A. and Ebrahami, S. (2007), Investigation of simultaneous prediction of economic-environmental effects of projects (Case study of Isfahan Research Campus). Journal of Economic Review (Some Equity). 4 (1): 74-51 . (In Persian)
- Halkos, G. E. and Tzeremes, N. G. (2009). Exploring the existence of Kuznets curve in countries' environmental efficiency using DEA window analysis. Ecological Economics. 68(7): 2168- 2176
- Huq, A., ASM, k. and Arshad, M. (2010). Technical efficiency of chili production. American journal of applied science. 7: 185- 190.
- Khanna, N. and Kumar, H. (2009). The Income Elasticity of Non-Point Source Air Pollutants: Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Economics Letters. 77: 387–392.
- Malmquist, S. (1953). Index numbers and indifference surfaces. Trabajos de Estatistica, 4: 209-242.
- Managi, S. and Jena, R. (2008). Environmental productivity and Kuznets Cruve in India. Ecological Economics. 65(2): 432-440.
- Naser Zadeh, S. (2010). Evaluation of Biodegradability of Iranian Thermal Power Plants by Data Envelopment Analysis. Master's Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University. (In Persian)
- Pejouyan, J., and Moradhasel , N, (2007). The Effect of Economic Growth on Air Pollution. Iranian Journal of Economic Research. 4 (7): 160-141. (In Persian)
- Rafei, M. (2010). Investigating the relationship between economic growth and environmental performance in Iran and several selected countries. Master's Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University. (In Persian)