تاثیر فرهنگ برآلودگی هوا در ایران
محورهای موضوعی : ارزیابی پی آمدهای محیط زیستیپروانه سلاطین 1 , مریم معماری پناه 2 , سحر احمدپناهی 3
1 - استادیار، گروه اقتصاد، واحد فیروزکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فیروزکوه، ایران. * (مسئول مکاتبات)
2 - کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، واحد فیروزکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فیروزکوه، ایران
3 - کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، واحد فیروزکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، فیروزکوه، ایران.
کلید واژه: آلودگی هوا, شاخص های فرهنگی, OLS,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در جهان امروز مقوله فرهنگ روز به روز پیچیده تر، حساس تر و در عین حال با اهمیت تر شده است. تحولات اجتماعی، فرایند پر شتاب جهانی شدن و رشد فزاینده فناوری، گسترش ارتباطات، دگرگونی های بنیادی و مستمری را در فرهنگ ایجاد نموده است. فرهنگ بر جنبه های اقتصادی و اجتماعی زندگی تاثیرات بسزایی دارد. حوزه فرهنگ علاوه بر این که با ایجاد فرصت های شغلی، تولید و درآمد به اقتصاد کمک می نماید، منافع اجتماعی مهمی را برای مصرف کنندگان و تولیدکنندگان کالا و خدمات فرهنگی به همراه دارد. فعالیت های فرهنگی عامل مهمی برای دستیابی به آرامش ذهنی و روحی به شمار می روند. فرهنگ عامل اصلی و موتور توسعه پایدار و حفاظت از محیط زیست می باشد. در این راستا هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی میزان تأثیرگذاری شاخص های فرهنگی (تعداد مطبوعات، تعداد سینماها، تعداد کتابخانه های عمومی کشور، تعداد کتب) بر انتشار گاز دی اکسید کربن به عنوان شاخص آلودگی هوا در ایران است. روش بررسی: تحقیق حاضر یک تحقیق کاربردی، علّی و از نظر روش تحقیق استنباطی است. روش و ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات و منابع آماری نیز روش اسنادی مکتوب، اطلاعات الکترونیکی و فیش برداری می باشد. یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از برآورد مدل ها به روش OLS نشان دادکه تعداد کتابخانه های عمومی کشور تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار و تعداد مطبوعات، تعداد سینماها و تعداد کتب به عنوان شاخص های فرهنگی تاثیر منفی و معنی داری بر انتشار گاز دی اکسید کربن به عنوان شاخص آلودگی هوا دارند. روش بررسی: تحقیق حاضر یک تحقیق کاربردی، علّی و از نظر روش تحقیق استنباطی است. روش و ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات و منابع آماری نیز روش اسنادی مکتوب، اطلاعات الکترونیکی و فیشبرداری میباشد. یافتهها: نتایج حاصل از برآورد مدل ها به روش OLS نشان می دهد تعداد کتابخانه های عمومی کشور تاثیر مثبت و معنادار و تعداد مطبوعات ، تعداد سینماها و تعداد کتب به عنوان شاخص های فرهنگی تاثیر منفی و معناداری بر انتشار گاز دی اکسید کربن به عنوان شاخص آلودگی هوا دارند.
Background and Purpose: In today's world, culture is becoming more and more complex, sensitive and important at the same time. Social developments, the accelerated process of globalization and the increasing growth of technology, the expansion of communication, have created fundamental and continuous changes in culture. Culture has a great impact on the economic and social aspects of life. The field of culture, in addition to helping the economy by creating job opportunities, production and income brings important social benefits to consumers and producers of cultural goods and services. Cultural activities are an important factor in achieving peace of mind. Culture is the main factor and engine of sustainable development and environmental protection. In this regard, the main purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of cultural indicators (number of press, number of cinemas, number of public libraries, and numbers of books) on carbon dioxide emissions as an indicator of air pollution in Iran. Methods: The present study is an applied, causal and inferential research method. The method and tool of collecting information and statistical sources is also the method of written documents, electronic information and filing. Methodology: This study is an applied research and inferential research method. The method and tool for collecting information and statistical resources are written documents, electronic information and taking notes. Results: The results of the estimation models using OLS method shows that Number of public libraries has a significant and positive effect and number of the press, the cinema, number of books as cultural indicators have a negative significant effect on Co2 as an indicator of air pollution.
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- Bitaraf Khoshhal A. The impact of social factors on the rate of economic growth in the provinces of Iran [master's thesis]. Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh Branch; 2012. (Persian)
- Velayee I. Patterns of dealing with the nature (environment) from the perspective of Quran and Sunnah [dissertation]. Quran and Hadith Sciences, Azad University, Science and Research Branch; 2005. (Persian)
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- Frederking LC. Is there an endogenous relationship between culture and economic development? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2001; 48 (2):105–126
- Thompson H. Culture and economic development: modernization to globalization. Theory & Science, 2001; 2 (2)
- Sharma K. Book review: social culture high – tech economic development. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2007; 74 (3): 405-408
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- Fadai Khorasgani M, Nayeri S. A study of the impact of developments of selected cultural indicators on economic growth in Iran (self-regression model with distributed interruptions). Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, 2010;1. (Persian)
- Copeland, B., Taylor, M.S., (2004) Trade, growth, and the environment. Journal of Economic Literature. 2004; 42: 7–71.
- Rui Pedro, M, Joao D. Determinants of co2 emissions in open economics curve hypothesis. 2006; Munich Personal RePEc Archive.
- Harman S. The relationship between good governance and environmental compliance and enforcement. Seventh International conference on Enviromental Compliance and Enforcement. 2008
- Abdulai A, Ramcke L. The impact of trade and economic growth on the environment: revisiting the cross-country evidence. 2009; Kiel Working Paper No. 1491
- Shahab MR, Nasser Sadrabadi SM. A study of the effect of government economic policies on environmental quality in selected countries. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology, 2014; 16 (2): 139-150. (Persian)
- Ja’fari Samimi A. A study of the relationship between environmental performance index and economic growth in developed countries. Journal of Environmental and Energy Economics, 2011; l (Persian)
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- Butkin D, Keller E. Environmental Science: Earth as a Living Planet. Karimpour Y, Translator West Azerbaijan: Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research; 2000 (Persian)
- Aqeli Kohneh Shahri L. Calculation of green GNP and the degree of sustainability of national income in Iran [dissertation]. Tarbiat Modares University; 2003 (Persian)
- Ajdari, A. Cultural and environmental development.” Quarterly Journal of the Environmental Protection Agency. 2003; 39: 27-47. (Persian)
- Adhami A, Akbarzadeh E. A study of cultural factors affecting environmental protection in Tehran (case study: districts 5 and 18 of Tehran). The Journal of Sociology,2011; 1(1): 62-38. (Persian)
- Ashouri D. Definitions and Concepts of Culture. Tehran; 2007. (Persian(
- Bitaraf Khoshhal A. The impact of social factors on the rate of economic growth in the provinces of Iran [master's thesis]. Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh Branch; 2012. (Persian)
- Velayee I. Patterns of dealing with the nature (environment) from the perspective of Quran and Sunnah [dissertation]. Quran and Hadith Sciences, Azad University, Science and Research Branch; 2005. (Persian)
- Pour Najaf et al. A study of the status of environmental factors regarding the health of Ilam urban society. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 2007;15 (3). (Persian)
- Frederking LC. Is there an endogenous relationship between culture and economic development? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2001; 48 (2):105–126
- Thompson H. Culture and economic development: modernization to globalization. Theory & Science, 2001; 2 (2)
- Sharma K. Book review: social culture high – tech economic development. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2007; 74 (3): 405-408
- Mahroof khan M, Zhang J, Hashmi MS, Bashir M. Cultural values and economic growth in Asia: an empirical analysis. International Journal of Business and Social Science , 2010; 1 (2): 15-27
- Mulder P, Bakens J, Nijkamp P. Discussion Paper: Economic impacts of cultural diversity in the Netherlands: productivity, utility, and sorting. Tinbergen Institute. 2012. TI 2012-024/3.
- Trax M, Brunow S, Suedekum J. Discussion Paper: Cultural diversity and plant-level productivity. Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit Institute for the Study of Labor; 2012 September. IZA DP No. 6845
- Džupka P, Šebová M. Local economic impact of big cultural events. Department of regional science and management. Faculty of Economics, Technical university of Košice, B. Nemcovej 2014; 32, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia.
- Fadai Khorasgani M, Nayeri S. A study of the impact of developments of selected cultural indicators on economic growth in Iran (self-regression model with distributed interruptions). Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, 2010;1. (Persian)
- Copeland, B., Taylor, M.S., (2004) Trade, growth, and the environment. Journal of Economic Literature. 2004; 42: 7–71.
- Rui Pedro, M, Joao D. Determinants of co2 emissions in open economics curve hypothesis. 2006; Munich Personal RePEc Archive.
- Harman S. The relationship between good governance and environmental compliance and enforcement. Seventh International conference on Enviromental Compliance and Enforcement. 2008
- Abdulai A, Ramcke L. The impact of trade and economic growth on the environment: revisiting the cross-country evidence. 2009; Kiel Working Paper No. 1491
- Shahab MR, Nasser Sadrabadi SM. A study of the effect of government economic policies on environmental quality in selected countries. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology, 2014; 16 (2): 139-150. (Persian)
- Ja’fari Samimi A. A study of the relationship between environmental performance index and economic growth in developed countries. Journal of Environmental and Energy Economics, 2011; l (Persian)