سنجش آگاهی روستاییان از کشاورزی پایدار در راستای حفظ اکوسیستم طبیعی (مورد مطالعه: سکونت‌گاه‌های روستایی حاشیه دریاچه زریوار)
محورهای موضوعی : کشاورزی و محیط زیستحمید جلالیان 1 , لقمان جاوید 2 , فرهاد جوان 3 , زری قاسمیان 4
1 - دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
4 - دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشکده علوم جغرافیایی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: دریاچه زریوار, سکونت‌گاه‌های روستایی, توسعه پایدار, محیط طبیعی, کشاورزی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف :بخش کشاورزی، بزرگ‌ترین مصرف‌کننده‌ی منابع طبیعی و درعین‌حال بیش‌ترین نقش را در حفظ آن بر عهده دارد، آگاهی کشاورزان از کشت پایدار و کشاورزی سازگار با محیط‌زیست شامل اطلاعاتی در مورد چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی و اکوسیستم های آبی و ارتباط آن‌ها با فعالیت‌های کشاورزی می‌تواند به بهبود وضعیت موجود و حفظ محیط‌زیست و اکوسیستم دریاچه کمک کند. روش بررسی : پژوهش حاضر جزء تحقیقات توصیفی- تحلیلی و در زمره تحقیقات پیمایشی است که به صورت مقطعی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش،10 روستای حاشیه اکوسیستم دریاچه زریوار بالغ بر(1953 خانوار) بود که به روش کوکران در دسترس انتخاب شدند. براساس تعداد هر خانوار سهم متناظر با آن پرسش نامه توزیع گردید. در روش توصیفی به بررسی شناخت وضعیت موجود پرداخته و در ادامه با استفاده از روش های آماری داده ها، مورد ارزیابی و تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته ها: یافته‌ها حاکی از آن بوده که سطح آگاهی روستاییان از کشاورزی پایدار در سطح بسیار پایینی بوده و بین آگاهی روستاییان از کشاورزی پایدار و حفظ پایداری اکوسیستم دریاچه زریوار همبستگی قوی وجود نداشت. علت پایین بودن سطح آگاهی روستاییان از کشاورزی پایدار عدم اطلاع‌رسانی و آموزش و اینکه مجبور به استفاده از انواع کود و سموم شیمیایی شده‌اند و نبود شیوه‌های نوین آبیاری و مشکلات مالی نیز از جمله چالش‌های موجود در حاشیه اکوسیستم دریاچه زریوار و کشاورزان است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: عدم آگاهی روستاییان از کشاورزی پایدار موجب استفاده بی‌رویه روستاییان از انواع سموم، کودهای شیمیایی و حفر چاه‌های عمیق و نیمه عمیق، که این عوامل در بلندمدت حیات اکوسیستم دریاچه زریوار را به سوی نابودی سوق می‌دهد.
Background and Objective: Environmental protection and natural ecosystems are among the principles of sustainable development in the countryside. Development is compatible with the preservation of environmental, biological and related resources. In this regard, the present study aimed at evaluating environmental indicators based on the dimensions of sustainable development in rural settlements of Golchidar village in Marivan County. Method: The statistical population of this study was 16 villages of Golchider rural municipality (803) households, which were selected by available sampling method. The questionnaire was distributed using a sample size based on the number of households in each village. The research methodology is conducted in a descriptive and analytical manner, so that at the descriptive stage, the present situation is identified and in the process of work, using statistical analysis, we deduce and explain the results. Results: The results of environmental status indices using the Rij model in the studied villages indicate that among the 16 indicators surveyed, 8 indicators, 50% of the villages were in a complete state of instability and undesirable, in which the index of sewage facilities with a degree of sustainability 010 /. In the worst case, there are environmental indicators. One-sample t-test showed that there is a significant relationship between environmental indicators and the instability of rural settlements studied. Conclusion: Regarding the fact that rural areas of the study area are not in desirable condition. it is necessary to review the status of indicators of sustainable development in the village of Golchidar and to have proper and effective management factors for preserving the village and its ecosystem.
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1- Asaish, H .2002 .Rural Planning in Iran, Publishers, pyiam Noor, Tehran. (In Persian).
2- Motee langrodi, H, shamsabi, A .,2007. Rural development based on agricultural sustainability and sustainability, Case Study: baksh, Sajasrud Zanjan, Quarterly journal of geographic research, Vol. 28, pp. 85-104. (In Persian).
3- Ashrafi, M, hoshmand, M, karamat zade, A .,2014. A Study of the Sustainable Development of Agriculture in Rural Areas, Emphasizing the Economic Approach, Case Study: Villages of Kashmar city, Quarterly Rural Development Strategies, first year, Vol. 2, pp. 51-68. (In Persian).
4- Michal Cupiała, Anna Szeląg-Sikoraa, Marcin Niemiecb .2015. Optimisation of the machinery park with the use of OTR-7 software in context of sustainable agriculture, Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 7, pp. 64 – 69.
5- Kochaki, A, Nasiri,M, Moradi,R, Mansouri,H., 2013. Zoning the status of sustainable agriculture development in Iran and providing sustainability strategies, Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, Vol. 23, pp. 179-197. (In Persian).
6- Mahdavi,M, Noshin, Z, Ramadan Zadeh,M,2010. Sustainable agriculture (horticulture and agriculture) with an emphasis on water resources, Case study of Kuhin village of Hamedan, Geography Quarterly Journal, the period 4, Vol. 13, pp. 16-144. (In Persian).
7- Motee langrodi, H, 2009. Rural planning with emphasis on Iran, fourth edition, Jahad University Press, Mashhad. (In Persian).
8- Van Dijk, J., Noordijk, J, Musters, K., de Snoo, G., 2011. does knowledge of environmental performance change farmer’sbehavior? Instititute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Universiteit Leiden.
9- oodman, David & Michael Redclift (eds). 1991. Environment and Development in Latin America: The Politics of Sustainability, Manchester University Press, New York.
10- Pearce D, And others, bluepring for a green economy, a report for u.k department for envorement 1994, London u. k.
11- Makhdoum, M,2006. The foundation of the alignment of the land, Seventh edition, Tehran University Press, Tehran. (In Persian).
12- Papeli Yazdi,M, Ebrahimi,M,2008, Theories of Rural Development, Organization for the Study of the Books of the Humanities of Universities,(Samt), Tehran. (In Persian).
13- Badri,A, Pourtaheri,M,2014. An Introduction to Rural Sustainable Development, Municipality Publications, Fifth Edition,Tehran. (In Persian).
14- Mahmoudi,H, Wisie,H,2005. Promoting and educating the environment is an approach to preserve the principles of the environment, Journal of Environmental Science,Vol. 8,pp. 57-64. (In Persian).
15- Jalalian, H, Dadgar,H, 2013. Location of sanitary landfill for rural waste. Case study: Municipality of Qaleh Valley, Quarterly journal of space economics and rural development, second year,Vol. 6, pp. 97-114. (In Persian).
16- Javid, L,2015. The role of rural settlements in the emergence of environmental challenges of sensitive ecosystems, case study, Lake Zarivar Marivan, Master's thesis, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Winter. (In Persian).
17- Afrakhteh,H, Hajipour,M, gorzin,M, najati,B,2013, The Place of Sustainable Development in Iran's Development Plans,Case: Five Years After the Revolution, Quarterly Journal of Strategic and Military Policies, Vol. 1 ,pp. 42-63. (In Persian).
18- Annealini,J,Kazemi,N,cheraghi,M,2016., An Analysis of Knowledge and Biodiversity of Farmers in Rural Areas. Case Study: Urmia, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Eighteenth period, Special Letter 3, pp. 395-405. (In Persian).
19- Davoudi,H, maghsoudi,T,2011, Study of Sustainable Agricultural Knowledge Among Potatoes in Shoushtar, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, period 42,Vol. 2, pp. 265-274. (In Persian).
20- Bagheri,A, Shah pasand,M,2010, Studying the Attitude of Potato Farmers in Ardebil Plain on Sustainable Agricultural Operation, Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, period 2-41,Vol. 2, pp. 231-242. (In Persian).
21- Agricultural Jihad Organization of Kurdistan Province,2009. marivan County Agricultural Jihad. (In Persian).
22- Behrouzi rad,B, 2008. Iranian wetlands, Geographic and Armed Forces publications, First Edition,Tehran. (In Persian).