طراحی و اعتباریابی الگوی آموزش مبتنی بر شایستگی امدادگران و نجاتگران هلال احمر شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورشعباس احدپور ثمرین 1 , یوسف مهدی پور 2 , حسین مومنی مهموئی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تربت حیدریه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تربت حیدریه، ایران
2 - دانشیار مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت حیدریه
3 - دانشیار برنامه ریزی درسی،دانشکده علوم تربیتی، واحد تربت حیدریه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تربت حیدریه، ایران
کلید واژه: شایستگی, آموزش مبتنی بر شایستگی, برنامه آموزش, امدادگران و نجات گران هلال احمر,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه و هدف: در پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و از لحاظ نحوه گردآوری اطلاعات جزء پژوهشهای آمیخته (کیفی- کمی) بود. جامعه آماری در بخش کیفی شامل خبرگان دانشگاهی و سازمانی شامل کارشناسان مطلع به امر آموزش و در بخش کمّی شامل تمامی امدادگران و نجاتگران هلال احمر شهر تهران در سال 2020 بود
روش شناسی پژوهش: در این حجم نمونه در بخش کیفی با اشباع نظری (20 نفر) و در بخش کمّی بر اساس فرمول کوکران 335 نفر برآورد شد. برای انتخاب نمونه در بخش کیفی از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و در بخش کمّی از نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقهای استفاده شد. ابزار گردآوری دادهها، در بخش کیفی، مصاحبه و در بخش کمّی، پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته بر مبنای مقیاس 5 گزینه‌ای بود. روایی پرسشنامه از نظر صوری و محتوایی از طریق 10 نفر از خبرگان شامل: اعضای مصاحبه شونده و خبرگان دانشگاهی، روایی ﻫﻤﮕﺮا از طریق محاسبه ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه و روایی واﮔﺮا از طریق محاسبه جذر AVE به تایید رسید. پایایی پرسشنامه از طریق آلفای کرونباخ برای کل پرسشنامه 86/0 به دست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از آزمون‌های آلفای کرونباخ، ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﺷﺪه (AVE)، ماتریس جذر AVE، کولموگروف‌اسمیرنف، تحلیل عاملی تاییدی، همبستگی پیرسون و t تک‌نمونه‌ای استفاده شد.
یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده به شناسایی 25 مولفه و 81 شاخص منجر شد که 8 بعد اصلی که محیط آموزش (0.735)، یادگیرندگان (0.623)، اجرای برنامه آموزشی (0.615)، نیازسنجی شایستگی (0.563)، طراحی و برنامه ریزی آموزشی (0.504)، تهیه رویکرد انتخاب شایستگی (0.420)، ارزشیابی آموزشی (0.397) و بازنگری و بروزرسانی فرآیند و برنامه آموزشی (0.341) به ترتیب اولویت ابعاد آموزش مبتنی بر شایستگی می باشند.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: به نظر میرسد الگوی ارائه شده از درجه تناسب مناسبی برخوردار بود. مزیت به کارگیری شایستگی برای طراحی برنامه آموزشی از یک سو تشخیص دقیق تر نیازهای آموزشی و افزایش کارآیی آموزش ها و از سوی دیگر، کاربردی بودن آموزش ها و پرهیز از انتقال دانش صرف است.
Introduction: This research was aimed at Designing and validating an Education Model based on the Competencies of Red Crescent Rescuer. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of Academic and organizational experts, including experts in education. The sample size is estimated in the qualitative section with the saturated saturation (20 people) and in the quantitative section 335 Members of Rescuers and rescuers of the Red Crescent in Tehran according to the Cochran formula
research methodology: A sample of qualitative sample was used for purposeful sampling and in a small part of the compilation sampling (Straight random sampling). The data collection tool was interviewed in the qualitative section and in the quantitative section the questionnaire was based on the 5-point scale. Validity of the questionnaire from a formal and content perspective through several experts, convergence validity was calculated by calculating the mean of variance extracted and cross-check validity was verified by calculating AVE optimization. Reliability questionnaire through Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire was 0.86 Data were analyzed using Cronbach's, AVE, AVE, K-S, confirmatory statistical analysis, Pearson correlation, scorecard rating and used techniques.
Findings: The results led to the identification of 25 components and 81 indicators, of which 8 main dimensions are educational environment (0.735), learners (0.623), implementation of educational program (0.615), competency assessment (0.563), design and educational planning (0.504) , Preparation of competency selection approach (0.420), educational evaluation (0.397) and review and updating of the training process and program (0.341) are the priority dimensions of competency-based education, respectively
Conclusion: It seems that to the proposed model had a good degree of fit. The advantage of using competency to design a curriculum is, on the one hand, a more accurate identification of educational needs and increase the efficiency of training, and on the other hand, the practicality of training and avoidance of knowledge transfer.
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