نقش میانجی عزت نفس در رابطه بین حمایت اجتماعی با خستگی عاطفی و بهزیستی روانشناختی
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش و پرورشمرضیه حیدری 1 , مسعود قربانی دولت ابادی 2
1 - واحد اباده
2 - مربی دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد اباده
کلید واژه: عزت نفس, حمایت اجتماعی, بهزیستی روانشناختی, خستگی عاطفی, دانشجویان پرستاری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از اجرای این پژوهش بررسی نقش میانجی عزت نفس در رابطه بین حمایت اجتماعی با خستگی عاطفی و بهزیستی روانشناختی بود. روش پژوهش، توصیفی – همبستگی با تاکید بر معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش را همه دانشجویان پرستاری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آباده (168نفر) تشکیل میدادند. برای تعیین حجم نمونه از فرمول کوکران استفاده شد و تعداد 115 نفر به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند که گزینش آن‌ها با استفاده از روش تصادفی ساده صورت گرفت. جمعآوری دادهها براساس چهار پرسشنامه حمایت اجتماعی زیمت و همکاران (1988)، خستگی عاطفی شوفلی و همکاران (2002)، بهزیستی روانشناختی ریف (1989) و عزت نفس روزنبرگ (1965) صورت گرفت که همسانی درونی آن‌ها به ترتیب 71/0، 98/0 ،94/0 و 99/0 به دست آمد و روایی صوری و محتوایی آن‌ها با استفاده از نظر متخصصان تایید شد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها به کمک دو نرمافزار SPSS و PLS صورت پذیرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد بین حمایت اجتماعی و عزت نفس رابطه مثبت و معنیداری وجود دارد و عزت نفس نیز با خستگی عاطفی و بهزیستی اجتماعی رابطه معنی داری دارد. هم چنین نقش میانجی عزت نفس در رابطه بین حمایت اجتماعی با خستگی عاطفی و بهزیستی روانشناختی تایید شد.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between social support with emotional exhaustion and psychological well-being. The research method was descriptive-correlation with emphasis on structural equations. The statistical population of the study consisted of all nursing students of Islamic Azad University (Abadeh Branch) (n = 168). Cochran's formula was used to determine the sample size and 115 individuals were selected as the sample and selected by simple random method. Data were collected using four questionnaires of social support of Zimet et al. (1988), emotional exhaustion of Schaufeli et al (2002), psychological well-being of Ryff (1989) and self-esteem of Rosenberg (1965). Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.71, 0.98, 0.94 and 0.99, respectively. And their content was approved by experts. Data were analyzed by SPSS and PLS software. The results showed that social support and self-esteem had a positive and significant relationship, and self-esteem had a significant relationship with emotional exhaustion and social well-being. The mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between social support with emotional exhaustion and psychological well-being was also confirmed.
Alavi, S; Janet Fried, F. (2012). The Relationship between Perceived Social Support and Self-Esteem in a Group of Carpet Weavers in Nayin County, Iran Occupational Health, 9 (1), 1-8. (In Persian)
Behzadfar, F., ArabKhazaeli, N., Khani, H., Zamani, N., & Zamani, S. (2017). The relationship between perceived social support and self-esteem with life satisfaction in students, Journal of Health Research, 1(3), 45-52.
Boren, J. P. (2013). The relationships between co-rumination, social support, stress, and burnout among working adults. Management Communication Quarterly, 28(1), 3–25.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Ecology of the family as a context to human development: Research perspectives. Developmental Psychology, 22(6), 723–742.
Brouwer, J., Jansen, E., Flache, A., & Hofman, A. (2016). The impact of social capital on self-efficacy and study success among first-year university students. Learning and Individual Differences, 52, 109–118.
Chou, K. L. (2000). Assessing Chinese adolescents' social support: The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 28(2), 299–307.
Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310–357.
Dennis, J. M., Phinney, J. S., & Chuateco, L. I. (2005). The role of motivation, parental support, and peer support in the academic success of ethnic minority first-generation college students. Journal of College Student Development, 46(3), 223–236.
Ehyakonandeh, M., Shafiabadi, A., Sodani, M. (2010). Effectiveness of dawis career counserling of work adjustment method in decrease of the emotional exhaustion of Islamic azad university behbahan female employees. Quarterly journal of career & organizational counseling, 2(4), 30-44, (In Persian)
Grant-Vallone, E., Reid, K., Umali, C., & Pohlert, E. (2004). An analysis of the effects of self-esteem, social support, and participation in student support services on students' adjustment and commitment to college. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice, 5(3), 255 – 274.
Greenberger, E., Chen, C., Dmitrieva, J., & Farruggia, SP. (2003). Item-Wording and the Dimensionality of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Do They Matter? Pers Individ Differ. 35(6):1241-54. doi: 10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00331-8.
Goodwin, R., & Plaza, S. H. (2000). Perceived and Received Social Support in Two Cultures: Collectivism and Support among British and Spanish Students, Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17(2):282-291.
Fang, L. (2016). Educational aspirations of Chinese migrant children: The role of self-esteem contextual and individual influences. Learning and Individual Differences, 50, 195–202.
Fialko, L., Freeman, D., Bebbington, P. E., Kuipers, E., Garety, P. A., Dunn, G., & Fowler, D. (2006). Understanding suicidal ideation in psychosis: Findings from the psychological prevention of relapse in psychosis (PRP) trial. Journal Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 114(3), 177-186.
Hajihassani, M. (2018). Prediction of academic burnout in female medical students of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences based on totalitarianism and emotional atmosphere of the family in the academic year 2016-2017, Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 17(4), 293-304.
Harter, S. (1993). Causes and Consequences of Low Self-Esteem in Children and Adolescents. In: Baumeister, R., Ed., Self-Esteem: The Puzzle of Low Selfregard, Plenum Press, New York, 87-116.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-8956-9_5
Hefner, J., & Eisenberg, D. (2009). Social support and mental health among college students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 79(4), 491–499.
Hemmati, R., Sadeghi, A. (2018). An Analysis of Academic Burnout among Isfahan University Students, Social issues of Iran, 9(2), 233-257.
Jacobs, S. R., & Dodd, D. K. (2003). Student burnout as a function of personality, social support, and workload. Journal of College Student Development, 44(3), 291–303.
Janssen, P. P. M., Schaufeli, W. B., & Houkes, I. (1999). Work-related and individual determinants of the three burnout dimensions. Work and Stress, 13(1), 74–86.
Jie, L., Xue, H., Wangshuai, W., Gong, S., & Zhiming, Ch. (2018). How social support influences university students' academic achievement and emotional exhaustion: The mediating role of self-esteem, Journal: Learning and Individual Differences, 61, 120-126
Leary, M. R. (1999). Making sense of self-esteem. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8(1), 32–35.
Lin, N. (1986). Conceptualizing social support. In N. Lin, A. Dean, & W. M. Ensel (Eds.). Social support, life events, and depression (pp. 17–30). Orlando, FL: Academic
Liu, M., & Jia, Q. (2008). Comparison of mental health status and social support system of nursing students from different place. Nursing Journal of Chinese, 25(11), 6–9.
Mann, M., Hosman, CM., Schaalma, HP., & De Vries, NK. (2004). Self-esteem in a broad-spectrum approach for mental health promotion. Health Education Research Journal, 19 (4): 357-72.
Maslach, C., Jackson SE (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99-13.
Maslach, C., Schaufeli, WB., Leiter, MP. (2001). Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol, 52(1), 397-422.
Mazloomi, S. S; Saeedi, M., Vahedian, M; Jalalpour, Z; Kiani, M. A. (2013). Influence of burnout on social support and self-esteem of health care personnel in Yazd, 5 (1), 46-56. (In Persian)
Pourmajed, Majid; Sabbagh, Samad; Almi, Mahmoud. (2014). Investigating the Relationship between Health, Physical, Mental, Social, Spiritual (through Moderators of Social Support and Self-Esteem-Study among Students of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Sociology Studies, 4 (13), 18-18. (In Persian).
Rajabi, Gh. R; Alibazi, H; Jamali, A; & Abbasi, Gh. (2015). The relationship between self-esteem and social support with mental health among students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 21, 83- 104. (In Persian)
Rayle, A. D., & Chung, K. Y. (2007). Revisiting first-year college students' mattering: Social support, academic stress, and the mattering experience. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 9(1), 21–37.
Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton، NJ: Princeton University Press.
Ross, S. E., Niebling, B. C., & Heckert, T. M. (1999). Sources of stress among college students. Social Psychology, 61(5), 841–846.
Rostami Talemi, J. (2017). Investigating the mediating role of psychological ability in the effect of self-esteem on burnout of employees of Anzali Industrial Free Trade Zone Organization, Master Thesis in Public Management, Payame Noor University of Rasht.
Rueger, S. Y., Malecki, C. K., & Demaray, M. K. (2010). Relationship between multiple sources of perceived social support and psychological and academic adjustment in early adolescence: Comparisons across gender. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(1), 47–61.
Rueger, S. Y., Malecki, C. K., Pyun, Y., Aycock, C., & Coyle, S. (2016). A meta-analytic review of the association between perceived social support and depression in childhood and adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 142, 1017–1067.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Exploration on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
Saboonchi F, Lundh L-G. (2003). Perfectionism, anger, somatic health, and positive affect. Personality and Individual Differences. 35(7), 1585-99.
Sarason, B. R., Sarason, I. G., & Pierce, G. R. (1990). Social support: The sense of acceptance and the role of relationships. In B. R. Sarason, I. G. Sarason, & G. R. Pierce (Eds.). Social support: An interactional view (pp. 97–128). New York, NY: Willey & Sons.
Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I. M., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students a cross-national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(5), 464–481.
Shinijabri, P., Borazpardanjani, Sh., Biranvand, S. (2014). Investigating the relationship between self-esteem and nurses' burnout, Journal of Clinical Nursing and Midwifery, 3(3), 52-62.
Smith, TD., DeJoy, DM., Dyal, MA., & Huang, G. (2017). Impact of work pressure, work stress and work–family conflict on firefighter burnout. Arch Environ Occup Health, 23(72), 1-8.
Tahmasbipour, N., & Taheri, A. (2012). A survey on the relation between social support and mental health in students Shahid Rajaee University. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 5–9. (In Persian)
Talaei, A., Nejad, MM., & Samari, A. (2007). Burnout in staffs of health care centers in mashhad. The quarterly journal of fundamentals of mental health, 9(35,36), 133-142. (In Persian)
Timmons, F. R. (1978). Freshman withdrawal from college: A positive step toward identity formation? A follow-up study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 7(2), 159–173.
Vaez, M., Kristenson, M., & Laflamme, L. (2004). Perceived quality of life and self-rated health among first-year university students. Social Indicators Research, 68(2), 221–234.
Westermann, C., Kozak, A., Harling, M., & Nienhaus, A. (2012). Burnout intervention studies for inpatient elderly care nursing staff: Systematic literature review, International journal of nursing studies, 1-9.
Yaqubinia, F., Mazlum, S. R., Salehi, F. J., & Ismaili, H. (2003). The relationship between self-esteem or burnout in nurses working in hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Journal of Medicine and cultivation, 14(2), 50-54.
Zimet, G. D. Dahlem, N. W. Zimet, S. G. & Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 130-141.
_||_