بررسی اثر میدان های الکترومغناطیسی بر ساختار های رویشی و زایشی گیاه کدو ، گونهCucurbita maxima Duchesne
محورهای موضوعی :
زیست شناسی سلولی تکوینی گیاهی و جانوری ، تکوین و تمایز ، زیست شناسی میکروارگانیسم
سیمین نبی زاده
1
,
معصومه میرزایی
2
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رودهن
2 - استادیارگروه زیست شناسی،دانشکده علوم،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،واحدتهران شمال
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/07/04
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/11/10
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/05/01
کلید واژه:
کدو,
میدان های الکترومغناطیسی,
ساختارهای رویشی وزایشی,
چکیده مقاله :
از آنجایی که میدان های الکترومغناطیسی جزء عوامل تاثیر گذار بر روی جانداران به حساب می آیند، از این رو در پژوهش حاضر اثر تیمار های مختلف میدان های الکترومغناطیسی را بر روی ساختار های رویشی و زایشی مورد بررسی قرار داده ایم. نمونه بذر های گیاه کدو تحت تیمار 2 میلی تسلا از میدان الکترومغناطیسی، با مدت زمان 15 و 30 دقیقه و در دو گروه تر و خشک قرار گرفتند. برای بررسی ساختار های رویشی و زایشی از برش گیری های دستی و میکروتومی استفاده شد. نتایج بررسی ها بر روی ساختار های رویشی و زایشی نشانگر تاثیر تیمار میدان های الکترومغناطیسی بر این ساختار ها بوده است. به طوریکه ارایش دسته های آوندی ( بخصوص زایلم) به طور چشمگیری در رگبرگ برگ ها و دمبرگ ها دستخوش تغییر شده و در مواردی کرک ها تحلیل رفته و یا بالعکس بزرگ شده اند. به عنوان مثال در رگبرگ های نمونه تیمار 15 دقیقه خشک نیز شمار دستجات آوندی کم شده و کرک ها به وضوح کشیده تر شده است. در نمونه تیمار30 دقیقه خشک نیز همین وضعیت یعنی کاهش تعداد دسته های آوندی مشاهده شده است. در عین حال باز هم اندازه کرک ها به طور چشمگیری بزرگ تر شده است. در نمونه تیمار 30 دقیقه تر ، همراه با کاهش شمار دسته های آوندی ، شاهد بزرگتر شدن منطقه ی آوندهای چوب و نیز فراختر شدن دهانه آنها می باشیم. در اینجا نیز اندازه کرک ها به وضوح بزرگتر شده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Electromagnetic fields is one of the effective factors on the living organisms, and therefore in thepresent study the effects of different treatments of electromagnetic fields on the growth indices ,antioxidant activity and vegetative and sexual structures of Pumpkin were assayed. Seed samples ofpumpkin were treated by 2 mT of electromagnetic fields , in 15 and 30 mins, in to different groupsnamed dry and wet. Microtomic and manual sectioning were used to study the vegetative and sexualstructures. The results showed that the treatment affected some indices in the negative or somehowpositive way. The array of xylem in leave section and trichomes structure were also changed. Thesize of trichomes were significantly increased . In 30 min wet treatment the xylem was more hugeand the number of vessels increased. There was no remarkable difference between the treatments andcontrol sample in vegetative meristems of stem and root in microtomy section. But generativemeristems were more massive and more cheeky. There was no difference between the treatments andcontrol sample in anther wall either, except a change in 30 minute wet treatment which was theincrease of the number of transition layer cells. The most changes were in 30 minute wet treatments.In those treatments ovum and stew tissue were injured and the embryo sac was abnormal. Also therewas a gap between cortex and stew tissue.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Falistocco E, Tosti T. Cytomixis in pollen mother cell of diploid 5-Dactylis, one of origin of 2n gametes .J. of Heredity.1995; 89: 448 – 453
Germana Ma, Chianone B, Melati MR, Firetto A. Preliminary results on the effect of magnetic field on anther culture and pollen germination of Citrusclementina Hort. ex Tan. In: ISHS Acta Horticulturae .2003; 625: 411 – 418..
Arbabian S, Majd A. The effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) on vegetative organs, pollen development, pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Glycine max .Journal of Cell & Tissue (JCT) Research Article Autumn.2010; 1(1): 35-42.
Dijak M, Smith DL, Wilson TJ, Brown DCW. Stimulation of direct embryogenesis from mesophyll protoplasts of Medicago sativa. Plant Cell Reports.1986;5: 468–470.
Florez, M., Carbonell, M.V. Martinez, E. Exposure of maize seeds to stationary magnetic fields: Effects on ger-mination and early growth. Environmental and Experimental Botany.2007; 59: 68–75.
Majd, A, Farzpourmachiani S, Dorranian D. Evaluation of the effect of magnetic fields on seed germination and seedling ontogenesis of vetch (Vicia sativa L.). Journal on Plant Science Researches.2010; 18: 1-9
Shabrangi Effect of magnetic fields on germination, development and anatomical structure of Lens orientalis L., M.Sc of thesis, Islamic Azad Univ., science and research branch.2005.
Shabrangi A., Majd A, Sheidai M. Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on growth, cytogenetic, protein content and antioxidant system of Zea mays L. . African Journal of Biotechnology.2011; 10: 9362-9369.
Selim H, M. El-Nady M. El.Physio-anatomical responses of drought stressed tomato plants to magnetic field. Acta Astronautica, pp.2011: 1-9
Atak C, Emiroglu O, Alikamanogku S, Rzakoulieva A. Stimulation of regeneration by magnetic field in soybean (Glycine max Merril) tissue cultures. Journal of Cell and Molecular Biology.2003; vol. 2: 113-119.
Mitra, P, Ramaswamy S.H ,Chang S.K.Pumpkin (Cucurbita maximus) seed oil extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide and physicochemical properties of the oil. Journal of food engineering.2009; 95: 208-213.
Jiang J, Eliaz I, Sliva D. Suppression of growth and invasive behavior of human prostate cancer cells by ProstaCaid TM: mechanism of activity. Int J Onco.2011; 1(38): 1675-1682.
Jihad Ahmed Al-Shaheen Sh, Raad A K, Khitam Jawad H, Javed A, In-vitro antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activity of Cucurbita maxima. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry.2013 ; vol.2:121-124
Hong, H., Kim C.S, Maeng S. Effects of pumpkin seed and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Nutr Res Pract.2009; 3: 323-327.
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Harry S. Paris. History of the Cultivar-Groups of Cucurbita pepo Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Organization.2001
Mozafarian V. Plant classification.Nashre daneshamoz .Amirkabir.1373; 2:610
Agha Abedini H. The effect of electromagnetic fields caused by high
voltage towers on properties Microbial essence of flowers and leaves of Achillea Wilhelmsii C. Koch. Islamic Azad University Flowerjan branch: Bank of Persian articles ;1390
Arbabian S, Majd A, Falahian F, Samimi H. The effect of magnetic fields on the germination and initial stages of growth of three cultivars of groundnut plant Arachis hypogaea. Basic Sciences (Islamic Azad University) Winter 1380; 11(42):3227 -3235
Arbabian S, Majd A. The effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) on vegetative organs, pollen development, pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Glycine max .Journal of Cell & Tissue (JCT) Research Article Autumn.2010; 1(1): 35-42.
Falistocco E, Tosti T. Cytomixis in pollen mother cell of diploid 5-Dactylis, one of origin of 2n gametes .J. of Heredity.1995; 89: 448 – 453
Germana Ma, Chianone B, Melati MR, Firetto A. Preliminary results on the effect of magnetic field on anther culture and pollen germination of Citrusclementina Hort. ex Tan. In: ISHS Acta Horticulturae .2003; 625: 411 – 418..
Arbabian S, Majd A. The effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) on vegetative organs, pollen development, pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Glycine max .Journal of Cell & Tissue (JCT) Research Article Autumn.2010; 1(1): 35-42.
Dijak M, Smith DL, Wilson TJ, Brown DCW. Stimulation of direct embryogenesis from mesophyll protoplasts of Medicago sativa. Plant Cell Reports.1986;5: 468–470.
Florez, M., Carbonell, M.V. Martinez, E. Exposure of maize seeds to stationary magnetic fields: Effects on ger-mination and early growth. Environmental and Experimental Botany.2007; 59: 68–75.
Majd, A, Farzpourmachiani S, Dorranian D. Evaluation of the effect of magnetic fields on seed germination and seedling ontogenesis of vetch (Vicia sativa L.). Journal on Plant Science Researches.2010; 18: 1-9
Shabrangi Effect of magnetic fields on germination, development and anatomical structure of Lens orientalis L., M.Sc of thesis, Islamic Azad Univ., science and research branch.2005.
Shabrangi A., Majd A, Sheidai M. Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on growth, cytogenetic, protein content and antioxidant system of Zea mays L. . African Journal of Biotechnology.2011; 10: 9362-9369.
Selim H, M. El-Nady M. El.Physio-anatomical responses of drought stressed tomato plants to magnetic field. Acta Astronautica, pp.2011: 1-9
Atak C, Emiroglu O, Alikamanogku S, Rzakoulieva A. Stimulation of regeneration by magnetic field in soybean (Glycine max Merril) tissue cultures. Journal of Cell and Molecular Biology.2003; vol. 2: 113-119.
Mitra, P, Ramaswamy S.H ,Chang S.K.Pumpkin (Cucurbita maximus) seed oil extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide and physicochemical properties of the oil. Journal of food engineering.2009; 95: 208-213.
Jiang J, Eliaz I, Sliva D. Suppression of growth and invasive behavior of human prostate cancer cells by ProstaCaid TM: mechanism of activity. Int J Onco.2011; 1(38): 1675-1682.
Jihad Ahmed Al-Shaheen Sh, Raad A K, Khitam Jawad H, Javed A, In-vitro antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition activity of Cucurbita maxima. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry.2013 ; vol.2:121-124
Hong, H., Kim C.S, Maeng S. Effects of pumpkin seed and saw palmetto oil in Korean men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Nutr Res Pract.2009; 3: 323-327.
