تأثیر میزان بازی در آموزش بر مهارت‌های اجتماعی و خودکارآمدی کودکان پیش دبستانی منطقه چهار شهر تهران
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه تعالی مشاوره و روان درمانی
فاطمه نعیمی
1
(کارشناسی ارشد، گروه برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
فریبا حنیفی
2
(استادیار، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: خودکارآمدی, مهارت های اجتماعی, بازی در آموزش,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر میزان بازی در آموزش بر مهارت‌های اجتماعی و خودکارآمدی کودکان پیش دبستانی منطقه چهار شهر تهران از دیدگاه مربیان آنها به روش توصیفی از نوع پیمایشی انجام شد.روش: جامعه آماری شامل کلیه مربیان پیش دبستانی منطقه چهار شهر تهران که در سال تحصیلی 1400 مشغول به خدمت بودند، که در مجموع 650 نفر بودند که 242 نفر طبق جدول کرجسی و مورگان به روش طبقه‌ای نسبی و تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه محقق ساخته شامل 55 گویه استفاده شد. روایی پرسشنامه مذکور نیز توسط افراد صاحب نظر (10 نفر) تایید شد و پایایی آن نیز پس از اجرای آزمایشی بین 30 نفر از آزمودنی ها به وسیله آلفای کرونباخ، با ضریب 871/0محاسبه و تایید شد و در نهایت داده ها به روش توصیفی و استنباطی از طریق نرم افزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته ها: نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نشان داد؛ از نظر مربیان پیش دبستانی منطقه چهار شهر تهران تکنیک های بازی در آموزش(بازی با سفال، بازی های عروسکی، قصه گویی و کشیدن نقاشی) به میزان زیادی بر مهارت های اجتماعی و خودکارآمدی کودکان تأثیر دارد.نتیجه گیری: همچنین بیشترین میزان میانگین در بین مولفه های تاثیر تکنیک های بازی در آموزش با (95/3) به مولفه تاثیر بازی با سفال و کمترین میزان آن نیز با (76/3) به مولفه تاثیر کشیدن نقاشی اختصاص دارد.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of play in education on social skills and self-efficacy of preschool children in the fourth district of Tehran from the perspective of their educators in a descriptive survey method.Methodology: The statistical population included all preschool teachers in the fourth district of Tehran who were employed in the academic year 2021, which was a total of 650 people, of which 242 people were selected according to Krejcie and Morgan table by simple relative random sampling method. The research tool included a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 55 items. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts (10 people) and its reliability was calculated and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of 0.871 after a test among 30 subjects. Finally, the data were descriptive and Infections were analyzed using SPSS software.Findings: The results of data analysis showed; According to preschool teachers in Tehran's Chahar Shahr district, play techniques in education (playing with pottery, puppet games, storytelling, and drawing) greatly affect children's social skills and self-efficacy.Conclusion: Also, the highest mean among the components of the effect of game techniques in education with (3.95) is assigned to the component of the effect of playing with pottery and the lowest amount with (3.76) is assigned to the component of drawing.
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