تکنیک‌های نوین برای کاهش جریان هجومی ترانسفورماتور با استفاده از نرم‌افزار EMTP
امیر قائدی
1
(
گروه برق، واحد داریون، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، داریون، ایران.
)
رضا صداقتی
2
(
گروه برق، واحد بیضا، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیضا، ایران.
)
مهرداد محمودیان
3
(
گروه مهندسی برق و الکترونیک، دانشگاه صنعتی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
)
کلید واژه: جریان هجومی, ترانسفورماتور, مشخصه مغناطیسی, زمان برق‌دار شدن, شار باقیمانده.,
چکیده مقاله :
جریان هجومی در ترانسفورماتور، جریانی با دامنه بالا و غیر سینوسی است که در سیکل‌های اولیه پس از برق‌دار شدن ترانسفورماتور رخ می‌دهد. این جریان ممکن است باعث بروز مشکلاتی در سیستم قدرت مانند افت ولتاژ، تلفات حرارتی، کاهش کیفیت توان و عملکرد نادرست رله‌های حفاظتی شود. برای جلوگیری از عملکرد نادرست سیستم حفاظتی، محتوای هارمونیکی این جریان برای تشخیص آن از جریان‌های خطا تحلیل می‌گردد. با این حال، تکنیک‌هایی که دامنه جریان هجومی ترانسفورماتور را کاهش می‌دهند، می‌توانند از اثرات مخرب این جریان جلوگیری کنند. به این منظور، در این مقاله مطالعه‌ای جامع بر روی تکنیک‌های نوینی که می‌توانند برای کاهش جریان هجومی ترانسفورماتور استفاده شوند، انجام شده است. ضمن تحقق این هدف، مواد مغناطیسی مختلف مورد استفاده در ساخت هسته ترانسفورماتور در نظر گرفته شده و بر اساس مشخصه مغناطیسی مربوطه، دامنه و محتوای هارمونیکی جریان هجومی تولید شده با استفاده از نرم‌افزار EMTP-RV ارزیابی می‌شود. به منظور انتخاب ماده مغناطیسی مناسب برای هسته ترانسفورماتور، مقایسه‌ای بین این مواد مغناطیسی انجام می‌شود. علاوه بر این، سایر تکنیک‌های مورد استفاده برای کاهش جریان هجومی ترانسفورماتور از جمله زمان برق‌دار شدن ترانسفورماتور، شار باقیمانده و بارگذاری ترانسفورماتور بررسی شده و تأثیر آنها بر جریان هجومی ترانسفورماتور با استفاده از نرم‌افزار EMTP-RV مدل می‌گردد.
چکیده انگلیسی :
Transformer inrush current is a high amplitude, non-sinusoidal current that occurs during the initial cycles after energizing the transformer. This current can lead to various issues in power systems such as voltage drops, heat losses, reduced power quality, and improper operation of protective relays. Harmonic content analysis of this current is conducted to distinguish it from fault currents, aiming to prevent improper protective system operation. However, techniques that reduce the magnitude of transformer inrush current can mitigate its detrimental effects. Therefore, this paper comprehensively studies novel techniques aimed at reducing transformer inrush current. Different magnetic materials used in transformer core construction are evaluated based on their magnetic characteristics, and the amplitude and harmonic content of the resulting inrush currents are assessed using EMTP-RV software. This evaluation facilitates the selection of suitable magnetic materials for transformer cores. Furthermore, other techniques for reducing transformer inrush current, including switching time, residual flux, and transformer loading, are investigated. Their effects on transformer inrush current are modeled using EMTP-RV software.
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