حق شفعه در اموال منقول و غیرمنقولِ غیرقابل‌تقسیم در فقه امامیه
محورهای موضوعی : حقوق خصوصی
داود نصیران
1
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استادیار، گروه حقوق، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران.
)
محمدرضا کاظمی نافچی
2
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دانشجوی دکتری، گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران.
)
سید محمد هادی مهدوی
3
(
استادیار، گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران.
)
رضا عباسیان
4
(
استادیار، گروه حقوق، واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران
)
کلید واژه: فقه امامیه, اموال منقول, اموال غیرمنقول, شفعه, غیرقابل‌تقسیم,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه به حکم قانون و نظر برخی از فقها شفعه تنها در اموال غیرمنقولِ قابل تقسیم جاری است و در اموال منقول و غیرمنقول غیرقابل‌تقسیم جایز نیست. پژوهش حاضر به روش توصیفی - تحلیلی صورت پذیرفته و درصدد پاسخگویی به پرسش هایی از قبیل؛ حکم فقهی شفعه در اموال منقول و غیرمنقول غیرقابل‌تقسیم بر اساس ادله اربعه فقهی در فقه امامیه چیست؟ و...می باشد. در آیات قرآن کریم شفعه به معنای اصطلاحی آن به کار نرفته، در روایات دو دسته روایت هستند که دسته اول به منطوق و مفهومشان حکم بر جواز شفعه در اموال منقول و غیرمنقول غیرقابل‌تقسیم می‌نمایند، روایات این دسته از نظر سندی صحیح بوده و دلالت آنها تمام است، روایات دسته دوم از نظر سندی توانایی تعارض با روایات دسته اول را ندارند همچنین دلالتشان تمام نیست و هیچ‌کدام با صراحت دلالت بر عدم جواز شفعه در اموال مذکور نمی‌نمایند، در اجماع نیز رای فقها به دو دسته تقسیم می‌شود و اجماعی وجود ندارد، در مورد دلیل عقل باید گفت ماهیت وجودی شفعه بر سه اصل استوار است؛ اصل اول؛ قاعده لاضرر، اصل دوم حرمت مال مسلمان و اصل سوم قاعده تلازم می‌باشد، بر اساس اصول عقلی نیز حکم بر جواز شفعه در اموال مذکور می‌شود.
Today, according to the law and the opinion of some jurists, intercession is valid only in divisible immovable property and is not permissible in indivisible movable and immovable property. The present study was conducted by descriptive-analytical method and seeks to answer questions such as; "What is the jurisprudential ruling of intercession on movable and immovable property, which cannot be divided according to the four jurisprudential arguments in Imami jurisprudence?" In the verses of the Holy Qur'an, intercession is not used in its idiomatic sense. The narrations of the second category do not have the ability to conflict with the narrations of the first category in terms of authenticity. Regarding the reason of reason, it should be said that the existential nature of preference is based on three principles; The first principle; The no-harm rule is the second principle of the sanctity of the Muslim property and the third principle is the related rule.
https://hadith.inoor.ir/fa/hadith/192440/sanad/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%91%D9%8F%D9%81%D9%92%D8%B9%D9%8E%D8%A9%D9%90%20%D8%A8%D9%8E%D9%8A%D9%92%D9%86%D9%8E%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%91%D9%8F%D8%B1%D9%8E%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A1%D9%90%20?rownumber=4
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