ارزیابی تغییرات پوشش/کاربری اراضی حوزه آبریز طشک به منظور پایش وضعیت منابع آبی منطقه
محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیستسیاوش محمدی بیگدلی 1 , سعید ملماسی 2 , مژگان زعیم دار 3 , مهرداد زمان پور 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. *( مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 - دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.
کلید واژه: تالاب, کاربری/پوشش اراضی, سنجش از دور, حوضه آبریز, طشک. ,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: تغییر پوشش/ کاربری از جمله عواملی هست که بر چرخه طبیعی در اکوسیستم اثر می گذارد. داشتن اطلاع از تغییرات پوشش/ کاربری از موارد مهم در برنامهریزی درکشور است. هدف این تحقیق، آشکارسازی تغییرات پوشش/ کاربری حوضه آبریز طشک با استفاده از تصاویر TM ماهواره لندست طی سالهای 1998، 2008 و 2018 میباشد.
روش بررسی: برای انجام اين تحقيق، با استفاده از روش طبقهبندی نظارت شده حداکثر احتمال نقشه پوشش/کاربری اراضي مربوط به سه دوره زماني 1998، 2008، 2018 تهيه گرديد.
یافته ها: نتايج تحقیق نشان داد که وسعت بدنهی آبی تالاب طشک در طول ده ساله اول از 56/10 درصد کل حوضه به 97/2 درصد و در ده ساله دوم دوره مورد بررسی به 15/0 درصد کاهش یافته است. همچنین اراضی شورهزار که ناشی از پسروی آب تالاب هستند به طور چشمگیری افزایش یافته است. اراضی بایر نیز که ناشی از افت کیفیت مراتع و غیرقابل کشت شدن اراضی کشاورزی است، در طول دوره مورد بررسی افزایش یافته است.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی بر اساس روند تغییرات کاربری/پوشش اراضی در این حوضه میتوان نتیجه گرفت که وضعیت زیستمحیطی این حوضه و به ویژه تالاب طشک بسیار شکننده بوده و در حال از دست دادن کامل ژینایی خود می باشد.
Background and Objective: Changing the cover/use is one of the factors that affect the natural cycle in the ecosystem. Knowing about changes in coverage/use is one of the important things in planning in the country. The purpose of this research is to reveal the changes in the cover/use of Tashk watershed using TM images of Landsat satellite during the years 1998, 2008 and 2018.
Material and Methodology: To carry out this research, using the supervised classification method, the maximum probability land cover/use map related to three time periods 1998, 2008, 2018 was prepared.
Findings: The results of the research showed that the extent of the water body of Tashk lagoon decreased from 10.56% to 2.97% in the first ten years of the study period and decreased to 0.15% in the second ten years of the studied period, which can be almost considered a dry wetland. Also, salt marsh lands, which are caused by the receding of the lagoon water, have increased significantly. Barren lands, which are caused by the decline in the quality of pastures and uncultivable agricultural lands, have increased during the period under review.
Discussion and Conclusion: In general, based on the trend of land use/cover changes in this basin, it can be concluded that the environmental condition of this basin, especially the Tashk wetland, is very fragile and is in the process of completely losing its viability.
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