بررسی کارایی زیست‌محیطی و تعیین قیمت سایه‌ای آلاینده‌های گاوداری‌های گوشتی استان خوزستان

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد محیط زیست

حبیب شهبازی ¹ , زهرا قیطاسی ²

1 - استادیار اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه سید جمال الدین اسدآبادی، اسدآباد، همدان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد، اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/05/20 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/01/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/01/01

کلید واژه: مسائل زیست‌محیطی, الگوی تابع مرزی تصادفی, کارایی زیست‌محیطی, کارایی فنی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: مسائل و معضلات در حال رشد زیست‌محیطی و هزینه‌های اضافی‌ای که فعالیت‌های مختلف روی کیفیت محیط‌زیست ایجاد می‌کنند، اقتصاددانان را بر آن داشت که الگوهای محاسبه بهره‌وری و کارایی فعالیت‌های اقتصادی را با احتساب تولید محصول مطلوب و نامطلوب اصلاح نمایند. انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای از منابع مختلف و به‌ویژه از بخش کشاورزی، یکی از عوامل اصلی آلودگی‌های محیط‌زیست محسوب می‌شود. روش بررسی: هدف از این مطالعه، تعیین کارایی زیست‌محیطی و محاسبه قیمت سایه‌ای آلاینده‌های منتشره توسط دامداری‌های گوشتی استان خوزستان با استفاده از 60 نمونه در سال 1394و الگوی تابع تولید مرزی تصادفی با بهره‌گیری از روش حداکثر درستنمایی و نرم‌افزار اقتصادسنجی FRONTIERمی‌باشد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که میزان کارایی فنی واحدهای دامپروری استان خوزستان، 99/0 می‌باشد که بیانگر کارایی فنی نسبتاً بالای این واحدها است. درحالی که میانگین کارایی زیست‌محیطی واحدهای دامپروری این استان، 29/0 به دست آمده است. این میزان کارایی زیست‌محیطی، نشان‌دهنده آن است که واحدهای دامپروری استان خوزستان از کارایی زیست‌محیطی نسبتاً پایینی برخوردار هستند. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: پیشنهاد می‌شود به منظور جلوگیری از تصمیم‌‌گیری‌های نادرست در عرصه مدیریت و توسعه فعالیت‌های اقتصادی بدون توجه مسائل زیست‌محیطی، برنامه‌ریزان، سیاست‌گذاران و سرمایه‌گذاران، علاوه بر کارایی فنی، کارایی زیست‌محیطی را از معیارهای توسعه و گسترش فعالیت‌ها خود قرار دهند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: The growing environmental problem and then Added cost which create diverse environmental activities, led scientists to modify their efficiency and productivity models with well-liked products and undesirable products effects. Emissions of greenhouse gases from various sources, especially from agriculture sector, are one of the main causes of environmental pollution.Material and Methodology: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental effecuency and determination of the shadow price of pollutants for meat dairy in Khuzestan province. In this study, 60 samples and a random fronteier production function model have been used by frontier functions using the maximum likelihood method and the FRONTIER econometric software.Findings: Results indicate that the technical efficiency of the meat livestock units of the province is 0.99 which could indicate that meat livestock units have relatively high technical efficiency. Also, the results of environmental efficiency of Khuzestan province meat livestock units have shown that the average environmental efficiency is 0.29. In fact, this level of environmental efficiency shows that meat livestock units in Khuzestan province have relatively low environmental performance.Discussion and Conclusion: In order to prevent inaccurate decisions in the field of management and development of economic activities without concern for environmental issues, planner, policymaker and investors, in addition of technical effciency, should use enviromental efficency as developing criteria of their acivites.

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