روش‌های زمینی به منظور اندازه‌گیری مستقیم مقدار شاخص سطح برگ (LAI)

محورهای موضوعی : منابع طبیعی و جنگلداری و مراتع

سید محمد معین صادقی ¹ ( پژوهشگر پسادکتری اکوهیدرولوژی جنگل، مدرسه جنگل، شیلات و علوم ژئوماتیک، دانشگاه فلوریدا، گنزویل، فلوریدا، آمریکا )
ناصح میری ² ( دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران )

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/07/26 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/03/08 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/01/01

کلید واژه: رابطه ی وزن برگ به سطح برگ, روش درخت مدل, روش تله لاشبرگ, روش کوادرات نقطه ای, روش پلانی متر,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: شاخص سطح برگ (LAI) از مهم‌ترین مشخصه های ساختاری در بوم سازگان های کشاورزی، مرتعی و جنگلی است که بیش‌ترین تاثیر را در تغییرات انرژی، آب و گاز دارد. با توجه به نوپا بودن مطالعات مقادیر LAI در داخل کشور، هدف از این مقاله، بررسی انواع روش های زمینی مستقیم تعیین مقدار LAI است. روش بررسی: این پژوهش با استفاده از مرور منابع علمی و به کارگیری پایگاه داده های اینترنتی به بررسی موضوع پرداخته است. روش های اندازه گیری مقدار LAI به دو دسته روش‌های زمینی و سنجش از دور تقسیم می شوند که روش های زمینی نیز به دو زیردسته روش های مستقیم و غیرمستقیم (برآوردی) دسته بندی می شوند. یافته ها: با وجود اینکه در دو دهه اخیر، گرایش به استفاده از روش های غیرمستقیم زمینی و سنجش از دور در برآورد مقدار LAI افزایش یافته است، اما به دلایلی هم چون نیاز به دستگاه‌های نیمه پیشرفته و پیشرفته و عدم دسترسی به تصاویر ماهواره ای به صورت رایگان در بیش تر نقاط دنیا، سبب شده است که هنوز روش های زمینی مستقیم محاسبه مقدار LAI کاربرد وسیعی داشته باشد. هم چنین دقت و صحت بالای روش های زمینی مستقیم در مقایسه با روش های غیرمستقیم زمینی و سنجش از دور، دلیل دیگر بر ارجح بودن روش های مستقیم زمینی در اندازه گیری مقدار LAI است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که روش تله لاشبرگ، می تواند به عنوان کاراترین روش به دلیل صحت و دقت بالا که درجه تخریب آن به طبیعت بسیار اندک است، در پژوهش های پیش رو مورد استفاده پژوهشگران قرار بگیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objectives: Leaf Area Index (LAI) is one of the most important structural parameters in agricultural, range and forest ecosystems and variation of energy, water, and gases are tightly coupled to LAI. According to the novelty of LAI research in Iran, this study aimed to evaluate different direct ground-based methods for determining LAI. Material and Methodology: This research has been done by literature reviews by using internet databases. There are two main categories of procedures to measure LAI: ground-based and remote sensing methods, and ground-based methods divided into direct and indirect (estimation) methods. Findings: Although, in the past two decades, the tendency to use indirect ground-based as well as remote sensing methods for estimating g LAI has increased, but for reasons such as needing semi-sophisticated and sophisticated instruments and lack of free access to satellite images in the greater part of the world, caused the direct ground-based methods for calculating LAI has been widely used. Moreover, the high precision and accuracy of direct ground-based methods compared to direct ground-based and remote sensing methods is another reason for preferring direct ground-based methods. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the Litter Trap method could be the most efficient method for measuring LAI, and we proposed this method in future research, concerning very less destruction to nature as well as high accuracy and precision.

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