تبیین نقش هیدروپلیتیک بر سیاست خارجی افغانستان و ایران (2015 الی 2019)

محورهای موضوعی : کالبدی

ابوالفضل اخباری ¹ , محمد اخباری ² , علی اصغر اسماعیل پورروشن ³ , محسن رنجبر ⁴ , بتول باهک ⁵

1 - دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیای سیاسی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره) –شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر ری، ایران
2 - دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار جغرافیای سیاسی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره)-شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر ری، ایران
4 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیای ژئومورفولوژی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره)- شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر ری، ایران
5 - استادیار گروه جغرافیای اقلیم شناسی، واحد یادگار امام خمینی (ره)- شهر ری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر ری، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/10/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/03/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/04/01

کلید واژه: ایران, جمهوری افغانستان, منافع ملی, هیدروپلیتیک,

چکیده مقاله :

همواره ارزش‌های جغرافیایی در یک کشور جزو منافع ملی تلقی می‌شوند و دولت‌ها به آسانی نمی‌توانند بر سر منافع ملی دست به معامله بزنند.علاوه بر این مسائل اختلافات آبی در سیاست خارجی کشورها در تقابل با یکدیگر نیز تاثیر گذار بوده است.در این راستا جمهوری اسلامی ایران نیز در طی دهه های گذشته اختلافات هیدروپلیتیکی گسترده ای نیز با همسایگان خود داشته است که از جمله مهمترین این اختلافات ، اختلافات این کشور با کشور افغانستان بر سر دو رود هیرمند و هریر رود بوده است . افزایش این اختلافات در طی سال های گذشته سبب کمبود آب و کاهش فعالیت های صنعتی،کشاورزی و دامی در استان های شرقی ایران را به همراه داشته است . پژوهش حاضر نیز در این زمینه با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و از نوع پژوهش های کاربردی و توسعه ای به ارزیابی نقش هیدروپلیتیک بر سیاست خارجی افغانستان و ایران می پردازد.نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که تغییر مسیر رودخانه ها ، آلودگی منابع آب رودخانه ها ، دست درازی به آب رودخانه ها و کنترل منابع آب بالادست کشور افغانستان بر علیه جمهوری اسلامی ایران ، از جمله مهمترین عوامل هیدروپلیتیکی تنش زا در روابط ایران و افغانستان است و همچنین اقدامات هیدروپلیتیکی افغانستان در ساختار توسعه نوین روابط بین الملل ، تبعات سیاسی و اقتصادی را در روابط دو کشور ایران و افغانستان به دنبال خواهد داشت .

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