بررسی و مقایسه اثر محلول‎پاشی ژرانیال و سیترال بر کمیت و کیفیت مواد مؤثره اسانس گیاه دارویی Lippia citriodora Kunth.

محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمی

حسن نورافکن ¹

1 - هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد میانه

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/08/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/05/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/06/01

کلید واژه: تغذیه برگی, متابولیت ثانویه, پیش‌ماده, تجزیه فیتوشیمیایی, وِروِن,

چکیده مقاله :

تبدیل زیستی به منظور تغییر یک پیش‌ماده کم ارزش به فرآورده ارزشمند دارویی انجام می‌شود. این پژوهش گلخانه‌ای جهت ارزیابی اثر محلول‎پاشی سیترال و ژرانیال مصنوعی در غلظت‌های 100، 200، 300، 400 و 500 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر در کنار محلول‌پاشی با آب مقطر و بدون محلول‌پاشی (شاهد) بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس گیاه دارویی به‌لیمو Lippia citriodora Kunth. در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد میانه طی 1394 انجام گرفت. اولین محلول‌پاشی در مرحله تقریباً 25 سانتی‌متری انجام شده و 7 و 14 روز بعد تکرار گردید. یک هفته پس از آخرین محلول‌پاشی، برگ‌های به‌لیمو برداشت شد. استخراج اسانس برگ به‌لیمو با روش تقطیر با آب (طرح کلونجر) انجام شد. در ارزیابی بازده اسانس، محلول‌پاشی سیترال و ژرانیال و به‌خصوص غلظت‌های کم آنها (100 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر) و آب مقطر اثر مثبتی بر افزایش درصد اسانس تولیدی نشان داد. تجزیه اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگراف گازی و کروماتوگراف گازی متصل به طیف‌سنج جرمی انجام شد. در کل، 21 ترکیب در اسانس نمونه‌ها شناسایی و مهمترین ترکیبات شناسایی شده لیمونن، ژرانیال و نرال بود. محلول‌پاشی سیترال و ژرانیال و به‌خصوص غلظت‌های بالای آنها موجب افزایش میزان لیمونن تولیدی شد و بیشترین میزان لیمونن به ترتیب در ژرانیال (500) و سیترال (400 میلی‌لیتر بر لیتر) به مقدار 24/28 و 54/24 درصد و کمترین میزان لیمونن (83/17) در تیمار شاهد شد. ولی، محلول‌پاشی سیترال و ژرانیال اثر مثبتی بر میزان نرال و ژرانیال نشان نداد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Biotransformation is the process of converting an inert precursor into the medicinally valuable product. In this research, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of artificial citral and geranial spraying in concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm, besides distilled water and without spraying (control) on essential oils quality and quantity of lemon verbena with in greenhouse conditions at Islamic Azad University – Miyaneh Branch, Iran in 2015. The first foliar application was done when the plantlets reached the height of 25. The second and the third spraying were done with 7 and 14 days span after the first spraying respectively. One week after the last spraying, lemon verbena leaves were harvested. The essential oils were extracted from the leaves by hydro distillation method by using Clevenger apparatus. Citral and geranial especially in low concentrations (100 ppm) and distilled water spraying had positive effect in essential oils yield. The chemical composition of essential oils was analyzed by GC and GC-MS methods. On the whole, 21 components were identified and the most important components were limonene, geranial and neral. Citral and geranial spraying especially in high concentrations increased limonene content and the highest limonene content was in geranial 500 ppm and citral 400 ppm in the amount of 28.24 and 24.54%, respectively. Also, the lowest limonene content was 17.83% in control. However, citral and geranial spraying had not positive effect on neral and geranial content.

منابع و مأخذ:

 

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