تداخل علفهرز سلمهتره (Chenopodium album) با گیاه دارویی جعفری (Petroselinum sativum L.)
محورهای موضوعی : فیزیولوژی گیاهی
سارا قربانی هشلی
1
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مرجان دیانت
2
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مرضیه قنبری
3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: آنزیم کاتالاز, تراکم, درصد اسانس, فنول ,
چکیده مقاله :
بهمنظور بررسی اثر تراکم و زمان سبز شدن علفهرز سلمهتره بر گیاه دارویی جعفری، آزمایشی بهصورت فاكتوریل در قالب طرح كاملاً تصادفی با سه تكرار در دماوند در سال 1402 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سطوح زمان سبز شدن علفهرز سلمهتره (7 روز قبل از سبز شدن جعفری، همزمان، 7، 14 و 21 روز پس از سبز شدن جعفری) و تراکم بوته سلمهتره (صفر، 1 و 2 بوته در گلدان) بود. نتایج نشان داد که در حضور سلمه تره، بیشترین وزن تر اندام هوایی (00/20 گرم) و عملکرد (31/192 گرم در متر مربع) مربوط به زمان سبز شدن 21 روز بود و با افزایش تراکم سلمه تره از یک به دو بوته این شاخصها کاهش یافت به گونهای که کمترین وزن تر اندام هوایی (33/6 گرم) و عملکرد (90/60 گرم در متر مربع) مربوط به تیمار 7 روز سبز شدن زودتر سلمهتره با تراکم 2 عدد درگلدان بود. سلمهتره اثر رقابت شدیدی روی گیاه جعفری داشته بهگونهای که میزان فعالیت آنزیمهای کاتالاز و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، قند محلول، فنول و فلاونوئید کل و نیز فعالیت آنتیاکسیدانی را افزایش داد. با تاخیر در سبز شدن علفهرز نسبت به جعفری، درصد اسانس روند افزایشی نشان داد به طوری که از 62/0 درصد به 98/0 درصد در تیمار سبز شدن 21 روز دیرتر علفهرز رسید. سلمهتره توان رقابتی بالا با گیاه جعفری داشته و سبز شدن زودتر این علفهرز شدیدا رشد جعفری را کاهش داد، بنابراین کشت زود هنگام گیاه جعفری مانع کاهش عملکرد کمی و کیفی آن توسط سلمهتره میشود
In order to investigate the effect of density and time of emergence of lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) on parsley, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a Completely Randomized Design with three replications in the greenhouse of Damavand in 2023. The experimental treatments include different levels of time of emergence (7 days before parsley sprouting, at the same time (0), 7, 14 and 21 days after parsley sprouting) and plant density of lambsquarters (zero, 1 and 2 plants in the pot). The results showed that the highest shoot fresh weight (20.00 g) and yield (192.31 g m-2) were related to the 21 day emergence time, and with increasing leek density from one to two plants, these indices decreased, such that the lowest shoot fresh weight (6.33 g) and yield (60.90 g m-2) were related to the 7 days early emergence treatment of leek with a density of 2 plants per pot. Lambsquarters had a strong competitive effect on parsley, increasing the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes, soluble sugar, total phenols and flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. With delayed weed emergence compared to parsley, the percentage of essential oil showed an increasing trend, from 0.62% under intense competition to 0.98% if weed emergence occurred 21 days later. Lambsquarters has a high competitive ability with parsley and the early emergence of this weed severely reduced the growth of parsley. Therefore, the early cultivation of parsley prevents the reduction of its quantitative and qualitative yield by lambsquarters.
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