اثر پونه کوهی (Mentha longifolia) بر عملکرد، ترکیبات لاشه و آنزیم‌های کبدی ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Onchorhynchus mykiss)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری
1 - گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران
کلید واژه: پونه کوهی, ترکیبات لاشه, ضریب رشد, فراسنجه های خونی, , قزل آلای رنگین کمان,
چکیده مقاله :
تامین نیازهای تغذیهای ماهیان یکی از ارکان مهم در موفقیت آمیز بودن روند پرورش و نگهداری ماهیان می باشد. گیاه پونه کوهی، یک گیاه دارویی شناخته شده با اثرات مختلف محرک سیستم ایمنی، ضد التهاب و ضد میکروب است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر عصاره پونه کوهی بر عملکرد رشد، کیفیت لاشه، آنزیم‌های کبدی و شاخصهای خونی ماهی قزلآلایرنگینکمان (Onchorhynchus mykiss) بود. بدین منظور تعداد 240 عدد ماهی قزل الای رنگین کمان با میانگین وزن 3/۰± 17/١٠گرم در چهار سطح 0 (شاهد)، 1، 2 و 3 گرم عصاره پونهکوهی در کیلوگرم جیره در طی 60 روز مورد تغذیه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان افزایش وزن بدن، نرخ رشد ویژه، کارایی تبدیل غذا و کمترین میزان ضریب تبدیل غذایی در تیمار 1 گرم عصاره پونهکوهی در هر کیلوگرم جیره مشاهده شد (٠٥/۰ > p). نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین میزان چربی و پروتئین به ترتیب در تیمار 3 گرم عصاره پونهکوهی در هر کیلوگرم جیره و شاهد مشاهده گردید (٠٥/۰ >p ). کمترین سطح رطوبت در تیمار 3 گرم عصاره پونهکوهی در هر کیلوگرم جیره مشاهده شد (٠٥/۰ > p). از نظر آنزیم‌های کبدی تفاوت معناداری بین تیمارها و شاهد مشاهده نگردید (٠٥/۰ < p). در نتایج مربوط به شاخص های خونی، تعداد گلبول سفید و گلبول قرمز مقادیر هموگلوبین و هماتوکریت در تیمارهای تغذیه شده با عصاره پونه کوهی افزایش معنی داری با گروه شاهد نشان دادند (٠٥/۰ > p). به طور کلی نتايج نشان داد که استفاده از عصاره پونهکوهی در جیره غذایی به ویژه در سطح 1 گرم در کیلوگرم، داراي اثرات تقويت کننده رشد، بهبود ترکیب لاشه و شاخص های خونی در ماهی قزلآلایرنگینکمان می باشد.
Providing the nutritional needs of fish is one of the important elements in the success of the process of raising and keeping fish. Mentha longifolia plant is a well-known medicinal plant with various immune system stimulating, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of M. longifolia extract on growth performance, carcass quality, liver enzymes and blood parameters of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss). For this purpose, the number of 240 rainbow trout with an average weight 10.17 ± 0.3 g were fed at 4 levels of 0 (control), 1, 2 and 3 g per kg of diet during 60 days. The results indicated that the highest ratio of WG, SGR and FCE and lowest FCR was observed in 1 g/kg extract concentration of M. longifolia (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the highest and lowest level of fat and protein was observed in 3 gr M. longifolia per kg diet and control respectively (p < 0.05). The lowest level of moister was observed in 3 gr M. longifolia per kg diet (p < 0.05). In terms of liver enzymes, no significant difference was observed between the treatments and the control (p > 0.05). In the results related to blood indices, the number of white blood cells and red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit values in the treatments fed with oregano extract showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In general, the results showed that the use of M. longifolia extract in the diet, especially at the level of 1 g/kg, has growth-enhancing effects, improving carcass composition and blood indices in rainbow trout.
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