مطالعه روند رشد و نمو ارقام کلزای بهاره (Brassica napus L.) در تاریخ کاشت های مختلف
محورهای موضوعی :
بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی
محمد خیاط
1
1 - باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز، اهواز، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1389/08/29
تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/09/19
تاریخ انتشار : 1390/11/01
کلید واژه:
کلزا,
تاریخ کاشت,
رقم,
روند رشد,
چکیده مقاله :
بررسی روند رشد گیاه کلزا این امکان را فراهم می آورد که بتوان گیاه را براساس نیاز آن به سازگاری بهینه با محیط مدیریت کرد. مطالعه بر مبنای آزمایش کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی و با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. چهار تاریخ کاشت (15 و 30 آبان ماه، 15 و 30 آذر ماه) در کرت های اصلی و چهار ژنوتیپ (هایولا 401، پی. پی 401، آر.جی.اس 300 و آپشن 500) در کرتهای فرعی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. برخورد مراحل حساس نموی با گرمای آخر فصل ناشی از تاخیر در کاشت منجر به برتری تاریخ کاشت 15 آبان در عملکرد و شاخصهای فیزیولوژیکی مورد مطالعه نسبت به سایر تاریخ کاشتها گردید. هیبرید هایولا 401 در مرحله گلدهی به دلیل برتری در حداکثر شاخص سطح برگ (51/3)، ماده خشک کل (1249 گرم بر متر مربع)، سرعت رشد محصول (21 گرم بر متر مربع در روز)، میزان جذب خالص (7 گرم بر متر مربع در روز) و سرعت رشد نسبی (064/0 گرم بر گرم در روز) دارای بالاترین عملکرد دانه (3603 کیلوگرم بر هکتار) نسبت به سایر ارقام بود. در مجموع طبق نتایج این تحقیق هیبرید هایولا 401 با توجه به پتانسیل عملکرد بالاتر و برتری در شاخص های رشد نسبت به سایر ارقام مورد مطالعه در کشت طی تاریخ کاشت نیمه آبان ماه و در خوزستان عملکرد بالاتری تولید نمود.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Study the growth process of rapeseed will provide the possibility to manage its cultivation with regard to optimal adaptation to the growing environment. This study was performed using a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four planting dates (Novemeber 6, November 21, December 6 and December 21) were allocated to the main plots and four varieties (Hyola401, PP.401, R.G.S.300 and Option500) to the subplots. The results showed that late planting at the critical growth stage in the end season will encounter to high temperature, and this resulted in better planting date of 6th November for yield and physiological indices as compared to other planting dates. Hybrid Hyola401 presented the heighest yield (3603 kg.ha-1), maximum LAI (3.51), total dry matter (1249 g m-1), growth rate (21 g.m-2. day-1), net assimilation rate (7 g.m-2 day-1) and relative growth rate (0.064 g.g-1.day-1) at the flowering stage in comparison to other cultivars. In general, the results showed that Hyola401 had higher growth indexes than other varieties if it is varieties on mid November in the Khuzestan province of Iran.
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