اثر کاربرد ترکیب کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن و پروتئین دو رقم کلزا
محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعیالناز ابراهیمیان 1 , احمد بای‌بوردی 2
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، گروه زراعت، تهران، ایران.
2 - عضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، ایران.
کلید واژه: کود دامی, کود شیمیایی, عملکرد دانه, کلزا, اجزای عملکرد, کیفیت دانه,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر مصرف ترکیب کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و درصد روغن و پروتئین دو رقم کلزا، آزمایشی در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان‌شرقی در سال 1389 به اجرا در آمد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اول در هفت سطح شامل تامین نیتروژن مورد نیاز گیاه بر اساس حدود کفایت گزارش شده در منابع شامل 120 کیلوگرم در هکتار، از منبع آلی، شیمیایی و تلفیقی (بدون کودآلی و کود نیتروژن (شاهد)، 100% کودآلی، 80% کودآلی و20% کود نیتروژن، 60% کودآلی و40% کود نیتروژن، 40% کودآلی و 60% کود نیتروژن، 20% کودآلی و 80% کود نیتروژن و 100% کود نیتروژن) و عامل دوم شامل دو رقم اکاپی و مودنا کلزا بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد، درصد روغن و پروتئین، فتوسنتز و فعالیت آنزیم نیترات ردوکتاز از تیمار 100% کود نیتروژن (شیمیایی) به دست آمد. در بین تیمارهای ترکیبی، تیمار تامین 20 درصد نیتروژن مورد نیاز از کود دامی و تامین 80% ( kg/ha96) نیاز باقی مانده از کود شیمیایی تنها در عملکرد دانه و تعداد دانه در خورجین با تیمار شیمیایی اختلاف داشت، به طوری که صرف نظر از کاهش در عملکرد و با توجه به افزایش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی می توان این تیمار را به عنوان تیمار برتر توصیه نمود. همچنین رقم اکاپی از نظر صفات مورد بررسی بهتر از رقم مودنا بود.
Effects of chemical and organic fertilizers combinations on yield, yield components, seed oil and protein percentage of two canola cultivars were studied. The experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Azerbaijan-e-Sharqi province of Iran in 2010. The first factor comprised seven levels of organic and chemical fertilizers and their combinations including: non cattle manure and non urea (control), 100% cattle manure (organic), 80% cattle manure and 20% urea (combined), 60% cattle manure and 40% urea (combined), 40% cattle manure and 60% urea (combined), 20% cattle manure and 80% urea (combined) and 100% urea (chemical) and the second factor was two canola cultivars (Okapi and Modena). The results showed that the highest yield, yield components, oil and protein percentages were obtained from a combination treatment, application of 20% cattle manure along with 80% urea (96 kg/ha), that was differed significantly from other chemical treatments for seed yield and number of seeds per pod. Therefore, application of this treatment could be recommended because it leading to a higher yield with lower chemical fertilizer application. Besides, variety okapi was superior to Modena based on the measured characteristics.
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