برنامه‌ريزي بهينه الکتریکی -گرمایی نيروگاه مجازي با رويکرد احتمالاتی و مدل‌سازی پاسخ بار جامع و ريسک
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت انرژی
فاطمه فتاحی اردکانی
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سیدبابک مظفری
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سودابه سلیمانی مورچه خورتی
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1 - گروه مهندسی برق (قدرت و کنترل)- واحد علوم و تحقيقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، تهران، ايران
2 - گروه مهندسی برق (قدرت و کنترل)- واحد علوم و تحقيقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، تهران، ايران
3 - گروه مهندسی برق (قدرت و کنترل)- واحد علوم و تحقيقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، تهران، ايران
کلید واژه: احتمالاتي, پاسخ بار جامع, ريسک, مدل مقاوم, نيروگاه مجازي ,
چکیده مقاله :
چكيده: نیروگاه مجازی یک رویکرد نوین برای مدیریت یکپارچه واحدهای حرارتی و واحدهای تجدیدپذیر جهت تامین تقاضا و سود مشارکت در بازار است. در این مقاله یک مدل بهینه برای برنامه‌ریزی روزپیش یک نیروگاه مجازی ارائه شده است. در این مطالعه، منابع انرژی تولید پراکنده تجدیدپذیر و واحدهای تولید فسیلی و خودروهای الکتریکی به گونه‌ای برنامه‌ریزی می‌شوند که علاوه بر تامین بارهای الکتریکی و گرمایی از حداکثر سود مشارکت در بازار برق بهره‌مند شوند. عدم قطعیت‌های مربوط به تولید انرژی تجدیدپذیر باد و خورشید، عدم قطعیت بار و قیمت بازار طی یک رویکرد سناریو محور در نظر گرفته شده است. پس از تولید سناریوها با استفاده از تابع چگالی احتمال پارامترهای تصادفی، برای کاهش سناریو از روش بهینه‌سازی برنامه‌ریزی خطی آمیخته با اعداد صحیح استفاده شده و سناریوهای با احتمال بیشتر جهت برنامه‌ریزی بهینه انتخاب شده‌اند. مدل مساله ذاتاً به صورت غیرخطی است اما با استفاده از مدل‌های خطی مناسب برای منابع سنتی و منحنی شارژ خودروهای الکتریکی و استفاده از مدل سناریو محور، به صورت یک مساله خطی مدل شده است. منابع تولید همزمان برق و گرما و واحدهای تولیدی خورشیدی-گرمایی در تامین بارهای گرمایی و الکتریکی به صورت همزمان و بهینه برنامه‌ریزی شده است. همچنین پاسخ بار جامع الکتریکی-گرمایی جهت بهبود عملکرد سیستم ارائه شده است. ریسک سیستم با در نظر گرفتن یک عدم قطعیت اضافه به تابع هدف به صورت مقاوم مدل‌سازی شده است. مدل ارائه شده برای سیستم توزیع اصلاح شده 33 شین IEEE برای سناریوهای منتخب پیاده‌سازی و نتایج مقایسه شده است. نتایج نشان‌دهنده بهبود ضریب بار سیستم، افزایش سود و کاهش قطع بار با در نظر گرفتن مدل پیشنهادی است. همچنین میزان سود سیستم با در نظر گرفتن ضریب مقاوم بیشتر، با ریسک کمتری حاصل شده است.
Virtual power plant is a novel approach for the integrated management of conventional and renewable units in order to meet the demand and benefit from participation in the electricity market. In this paper, an optimal model for day ahead scheduling of a virtual power plant is presented. In the present study, distributed renewable generation energy sources, fossil units and electric vehicles are planned in such a way that supplying electrical and thermal loads and maximum profit are achieved. Uncertainties related to wind and solar energy production, load uncertainty and market price are considered in a scenario-based approach. After generating scenarios using the probability density function of random parameters, linear mixed integer programming is used for scenario reduction and scenarios with higher probability are selected for optimal planning. The problem’s model is non-linear intrinsically but the problem is modeled as a linear problem by using appropriate linear models for conventional generators and electric vehicle’s charge profiles and a scenario-based model. Electricity and heat production and photovoltaic-thermal production units are planned simultaneously and optimally to supply thermal and electrical loads. Also, a comprehensive electrical and thermal demand response is provided to improve the system's performance. System risk is modeled by considering an additional uncertainty for the objective function as a robust model. The proposed model is implemented for the modified 33-bus IEEE distribution system for selected scenarios and the results are compared. The results show the proposed model has improved the system’s load factor and profit and reduced load curtailment. Also, the amount of the system's profit is obtained with a lower risk by considering the larger robustness coefficient.
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