الگوریتم پایدار و ضد اختلال برای همزمان‌سازی پیوند طیف گسترده ترکیبی
محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر
حامد احمدیان یزدی
1
(دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، برق و کامپیوتر- واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
محمدعلی پورمینا
2
(دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، برق و کامپیوتر- واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
افروز حق بین
3
(دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، برق و کامپیوتر- واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: طیف گسترده ترکیبی, همزمان‌سازی, نرخ هشدار اشتباه ثابت,
چکیده مقاله :
در این پیوند، همزمان‌سازی شامل دو مرحله می باشد. همزمان‌سازی الگوی پرش فرکانسی و همزمان‌سازی کد دنباله مستقیم. در شرایط حضور اختلال، استفاده از روش مرسوم آشکارسازی با آستانه ثابت منجر به افزایش نرخ هشدار اشتباه می شود. افزایش نرخ هشدار اشتباه، زمان همزمان‌سازی را در سیستم‌های طیف گسترده ترکیبی افزایش می‌دهد. برای حل این مساله معمولاً در گیرنده از بلوک تخمین‌گر توان نویز و اختلال استفاده می‌شود. با این روش مقدار آستانه به صورت لحظه‌ای بر اساس توان توان تخمین زده شده تطبیق داده می‌شود. این روش بار محاسباتی و پیچیدگی سخت افزاری زیادی داشته و خطا در تخمین توان نویز و اختلال منجر به افزایش نرخ هشدار اشتباه می‌شود. در این مقاله، الگوریتم پیشنهادی همزمان‌سازی پیوند طیف گسترده ترکیبی به صورت آستانه وفقی و بر اساس مشخصات آماری سیگنال دریافتی ارائه می‌شود. در الگوریتم پیشنهادی مقدار آستانه به صورت وفقی به گونه ای تغییر می‌کند که نرخ هشدار اشتباه در یک مقدار کمینه ثابت باقی بماند. نتایج تحلیل‌های تئوری و شبیه‌سازی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که الگوریتم پیشنهادی می‌تواند نسبت به روش مرسوم آستانه ثابت، احتمال آشکارسازی و نرخ هشدار اشتباه را در حضور اختلال بهبود داده و زمان همزمان‌سازی را کاهش دهد.
Hybrid Spread Spectrum (HSS) link is a suitable and robust physical layer structure for the tactical ad-hoc network. In this link, synchronization consists of two stages: Frequency hopping pattern synchronization and direct sequence code synchronization. In the presence of jamming, the use of the conventional fixed-threshold detection method increases the false alarm rate. Increasing the false alarm rate increases synchronization time in the HSS link. To solve this problem, the noise and jamming power estimator block is usually used at the receiver. Threshold value is adjusted instantaneously based on the estimated power in this method. This method has a high computational load and hardware complexity, and error in estimating noise and jamming power leads to an increase in the false alarm rate. In this paper, the proposed synchronization algorithm of the hybrid spread spectrum system is presented as an adaptive threshold, based on the statistical characteristics of the received signal. In the proposed algorithm, the threshold value is changed adaptively so that the false alarm rate remains constant at a minimum value. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the detection probability and false alarm rate and reduce the synchronization time in the presence of a jamming compared to the conventional fixed threshold method.
[1] G. Zheng, Y. Yao, D. Wang, J. Tian, "Study of an application of hybrid spread spectrum technology in satellite communication", Proceeding of the IEEE/CISCE, pp. 49-54, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, July 2020 (doi: 10.1109/CISCE50729.2020.00016).
[2] S. Luo, S. Zhang, S. Ke, S. Wang, X. Bu, J. An, "Optimum combining for coherent FFH/DS spread spectrum receivers in the presence of multi-tone jammer", IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 53097-53106, March 2020 (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2980858).
[3] F. Hassan, S. Ajmal, Z. Khan, and U. Hassan "Analysis on multiple access capability of hybrid spread spectrum system with optimal sequences- A review of performance parameters trade-off", International Journal of Research Publications, vol. 12, no. 1, Sept. 2018.
[4] S. Benkrinah, M. Benslama, "Adaptive double-dwell code acquisition scheme of PN sequences using smart-antenna and automatic censoring techniques", Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 2187-2210, 2018 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-017-4969-6).
[5] J. W.Kim, B. Lim, Y. C. Ko, "A rapid serial timing acquisition algorithm for hybrid DS/FFH packet radio communication", IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Early Access, 2020 (doi: 10.1109/TAES.2020.3038246).
[6] S. Lee, S. Kim, M. Seo, D. Har, "Synchronization of frequency hopping by LSTM network for satellite communication system", IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 23, no. 11, pp.2054-2058, Aug. 2019 (doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2936019).
[7] X. Wen, B. Yang, G. Zou, "Fast acquisition for DS/FH spread spectrum signals by using folded sampling digital receiver", Information Science and Cloud Computing, pp. 1-9. 2018 (doi: 10.22323/1.300.0047).
[8] Y. Shen , Y. Wang, X. Yu, S. Wu, "Whole-region hybrid search algorithm for DSSS signal acquisition", Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 95, no. 2, pp.1265-1284, July 2017 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-016-3828-1).
[9] A. Coluccia, A. Fascista, G. Ricci, "CFAR feature plane: a novel framework for the analysis and design of radar detectors", IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, vol. 68, pp. 3903-3916, June 2020 (doi: 10.1109/TSP.2020.3000952).
[10] M. Baadeche, F. Soltani, F. Gini, "Performance comparison of mean-level CFAR detectors inhomogeneous and non-homogeneous weibull clutter for MIMO radars", Signal, Image and Video Processing, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 1677-1684, Nov 2019 (doi: 10.1007/s11760-019-01502-8).
[11] A. Jouini, A. Maali, , M. Benssalah, A. Nasrallah, G. Baudoin, M. H. Hamadouche, "Adaptive acquisition of PN code using automatic censoring CFAR outlier detection in multipath fading mobile channels", Proceeding of the IEEE/CCSSP, pp. 2-7, El Oued, Algeria, May 2020 (doi: 10.1109/CCSSP49278.2020.9151589).
[12] A. Kumar, P. Thakur, S.Pandit, G. Singh, "Analysis of optimal threshold selection for spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio network: an energy detection approach", Wireless Networks, vol. 25, pp. 3917–3931, Jan. 2019 (doi: 10.1007/s11276-018-01927-y).
[13] S. Benkrinah, M. Benslama, "Adaptive double-dwell code acquisition scheme of PN sequences using smart-antenna and automatic censoring techniques", Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 2187- 2210, Jan. 2018 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-017-4969-6).
[14] H. Guo, C. Min, X. Shen, K. Li, "Optimal parameter estimation for high dynamic acquisition of non-coherent DSSS", Signal and Information Processing, Networking and Computers, pp. 535-542, Dec. 2021 (doi: 10.1007/978-981-33-4102-9_65).
[15] J. Iinatti, "On the threshold setting principles in code acquisition of DS-SS signals", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 62-72, Jan. 2000 (doi: 10.1109/49.821719).
[16] Z. Deng, B. Jia, S. Tang, X. Fu, "A fine fast acquisition scheme for a communication and navigation fusion system", Applied Sciences, vol. 10, no. 10, May 2020 (doi: 10.3390/app10103434).
_||_[1] G. Zheng, Y. Yao, D. Wang, J. Tian, "Study of an application of hybrid spread spectrum technology in satellite communication", Proceeding of the IEEE/CISCE, pp. 49-54, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, July 2020 (doi: 10.1109/CISCE50729.2020.00016).
[2] S. Luo, S. Zhang, S. Ke, S. Wang, X. Bu, J. An, "Optimum combining for coherent FFH/DS spread spectrum receivers in the presence of multi-tone jammer", IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 53097-53106, March 2020 (doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2980858).
[3] F. Hassan, S. Ajmal, Z. Khan, and U. Hassan "Analysis on multiple access capability of hybrid spread spectrum system with optimal sequences- A review of performance parameters trade-off", International Journal of Research Publications, vol. 12, no. 1, Sept. 2018.
[4] S. Benkrinah, M. Benslama, "Adaptive double-dwell code acquisition scheme of PN sequences using smart-antenna and automatic censoring techniques", Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 2187-2210, 2018 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-017-4969-6).
[5] J. W.Kim, B. Lim, Y. C. Ko, "A rapid serial timing acquisition algorithm for hybrid DS/FFH packet radio communication", IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Early Access, 2020 (doi: 10.1109/TAES.2020.3038246).
[6] S. Lee, S. Kim, M. Seo, D. Har, "Synchronization of frequency hopping by LSTM network for satellite communication system", IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 23, no. 11, pp.2054-2058, Aug. 2019 (doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2936019).
[7] X. Wen, B. Yang, G. Zou, "Fast acquisition for DS/FH spread spectrum signals by using folded sampling digital receiver", Information Science and Cloud Computing, pp. 1-9. 2018 (doi: 10.22323/1.300.0047).
[8] Y. Shen , Y. Wang, X. Yu, S. Wu, "Whole-region hybrid search algorithm for DSSS signal acquisition", Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 95, no. 2, pp.1265-1284, July 2017 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-016-3828-1).
[9] A. Coluccia, A. Fascista, G. Ricci, "CFAR feature plane: a novel framework for the analysis and design of radar detectors", IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, vol. 68, pp. 3903-3916, June 2020 (doi: 10.1109/TSP.2020.3000952).
[10] M. Baadeche, F. Soltani, F. Gini, "Performance comparison of mean-level CFAR detectors inhomogeneous and non-homogeneous weibull clutter for MIMO radars", Signal, Image and Video Processing, vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 1677-1684, Nov 2019 (doi: 10.1007/s11760-019-01502-8).
[11] A. Jouini, A. Maali, , M. Benssalah, A. Nasrallah, G. Baudoin, M. H. Hamadouche, "Adaptive acquisition of PN code using automatic censoring CFAR outlier detection in multipath fading mobile channels", Proceeding of the IEEE/CCSSP, pp. 2-7, El Oued, Algeria, May 2020 (doi: 10.1109/CCSSP49278.2020.9151589).
[12] A. Kumar, P. Thakur, S.Pandit, G. Singh, "Analysis of optimal threshold selection for spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio network: an energy detection approach", Wireless Networks, vol. 25, pp. 3917–3931, Jan. 2019 (doi: 10.1007/s11276-018-01927-y).
[13] S. Benkrinah, M. Benslama, "Adaptive double-dwell code acquisition scheme of PN sequences using smart-antenna and automatic censoring techniques", Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 2187- 2210, Jan. 2018 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-017-4969-6).
[14] H. Guo, C. Min, X. Shen, K. Li, "Optimal parameter estimation for high dynamic acquisition of non-coherent DSSS", Signal and Information Processing, Networking and Computers, pp. 535-542, Dec. 2021 (doi: 10.1007/978-981-33-4102-9_65).
[15] J. Iinatti, "On the threshold setting principles in code acquisition of DS-SS signals", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 62-72, Jan. 2000 (doi: 10.1109/49.821719).
[16] Z. Deng, B. Jia, S. Tang, X. Fu, "A fine fast acquisition scheme for a communication and navigation fusion system", Applied Sciences, vol. 10, no. 10, May 2020 (doi: 10.3390/app10103434).
