یک روش مسیریابی جهت ردیابی هدف متحرک با رویکرد کاهش انرژی مصرفی
محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر
مریم حسن حسینی
1
(دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران)
فرهاد مصری نژاد
2
(دانشکده فنی و مهندسی- واحد تیران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تیران، اصفهان، ایران)
همایون مهدوی نسب
3
(دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف‌آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران)
کلید واژه: شبکه حسگر, ردیابی هدف, مصرف انرژی کارآمد, مکانیزم مزآیده,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه شبکه حسگر بی سیم در زمینه های فراوان و متنوعی کاربرد دارد. از جمله این کاربردها استفاده از این مدل شبکه با تعداد زیادی از گره‌‌های حسگر در زمینه ردیابی هدف مانند ردیابی دشمنان در جنگ و نظارت بر زیستگاه های حیات وحش است. ایده اصلی در بحث ردیابی هدف این است که اطلاعاتی مانند مکان، سرعت و جهت حرکت هدف در هر لحظه در دسترس باشد. از آنجایی که گره‌‌های حسگر در این مدل شبکه دارای محدودیت شدید مصرف انرژی بوده و قابلیت شارژ مجدد را ندارند، در این مقاله یک الگوریتم کارآمد ردیابی به منظور کاهش مصرف انرژی ضمن حفظ کیفیت ردیابی هدف، به نام EAASA، ارائه شده است. نتایج حاصل از شبیه سازی این الگوریتم در شبیه ساز NS2 با روش ردیابی هدف مبتنی بر خوشه بندی AASA (الگوریتم فعال سازی حسگر تطبیقی مبتنی بر حراج) مقایسه شده و نشان می دهد که الگوریتم پیشنهادی می تواند با حفظ کیفیت ردیابی به صورت چشم گیری مصرف انرژی را کاهش دهد. این امر باعث افزایش طول عمر شبکه و کاهش نرخ از دست رفتن هدف شده است.
Nowadays, the wireless sensor network (WSN) is used in many different fields and applications. Enemy tracking and wildlife habitats monitoring are the examples of target tracking by using of large number of sensor nodes. The main idea in this area is to find some usable target information such as location, speed and movement direction of the target because they must be available any time. By the way, the sensor nodes in sensor network model have a severe energy limit and cannot be recharged simply. In this paper, an efficient algorithm abbreviated EAASA is presented in order to reduce energy consumption while maintaining the quality of target tracking. The simulation results are compared to the AASA (cluster-based target tracking algorithm) algorithm and show that the proposed algorithm has been able to reduce energy consumption significantly while maintaining tracking quality. This method has increased the life time of the network and reduced the rate of loss of the target.
[1] S. Rezaei borjlu, H. Alibagheri, “Design and simulation of a 20-watt doherty power amplifier at a frequency of 2.14 GHz for wireless communication systems”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 10, no. 37, pp. 23-30, Spring 2019 (in Persian).
[2] S. Pakdaman-Tirani, A. Avokh, “Impact of sink node placement onto wireless sensor networks performance regarding clustering routing and compressive sensing theory”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 7, no. 25, pp. 41-54, Spring 2016 (in Persian).
[3] Y. Chi, H. Chang, “A tracking-assisted routing scheme for wireless sensor networks”, Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 411-433, 2013 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-012-0701-8).
[4] F. Tavakoli, F. Safi-Esfahani, “Implementation of agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm applying the map-reduce parallel approach”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 11, no. 41, pp. 15-32, Spring 2020 (in Persian).
[5] S. Bhatti, J. Xu, "Survey of target tracking protocols using wireless sensor network", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICWMC, pp. 110-115, Cannes, France, Aug. 2009 (doi: 10.1109/ICWMC.2009.25).
[6] J. Zheng, M. Bhuiyan, S. Liang, X. Xing, G. Wang, “Auction-based adaptive sensor activation algorithm for target tracking in wireless sensor networks”, Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 39, pp. 88-99, Oct. 2014 (doi: 10.1016/j.future.2013.12.014).
[7] S. Khakpour, R.W. Pazzi, K. El-Khatib, “A prediction based clustering algorithm for target tracking in vehicular ad-hoc networks”, Proceedings of the DIVANet, Canada. pp. 39-46, 2014 (doi: 10.1145/2656346.2656412).
[8] H.T. Kung, D. Vlah, "Efficient location tracking using sensor networks", Proceeding of the IEEE/WSNC, pp. 1954-1961 vol.3, New Orleans, LA, USA (doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2003.1200686).
[9] S.P.M. Tran, T.A. Yang, "OCO: Optimized communication & organization for target tracking in wireless sensor networks," Proceeding of the IEEE/SUTC, pp. 428-435, Taichung, Taiwan, June 2006 (doi: 10.1109/SUTC.2006.1636209).
[10] C.Y. Lin, W.C. Peng, Y.C. Tseng, "Efficient in-network moving object tracking in wireless sensor networks", IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 1044-1056, Aug. 2006 (doi: 10.1109/TMC.2006.115).
[11] B. Liu, W. Ke, C. Tsai, M. Tsai, "Constructing a message-pruning tree with minimum cost for tracking moving objects in wireless sensor networks is NP-complete and an enhanced data aggregation structure", IEEE Trans. on Computers, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 849-863, June 2008 (doi: 10.1109/TC.2008.22).
[12] A.N. Campos, E.L. Souza, F.G. Nakamura, E.F. Nakamura, J.J.P.C. Rodrigues, “On the Impact of Localization and density control algorithms in target tracking applications for wireless sensor networks. Sensors, Sensor (Basel, Switzerland), vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 6930-6952, 2012 (doi: 10.3390/s120606930).
[13] A. Yektaparast, F. Nabavi, A. Sarmast, "An improvement on LEACH protocol (Cell-LEACH)", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICACT, PyeongChang, South Korea, pp. 992-996, Feb. 2012.
[14] Z. Wang, Z. Wang, H. Chen, J. Li, H. Li, J. Shen, “HierTrack: an energy-efficient cluster-based target tracking system forwireless sensor networks”, Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE C, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 395-406, 2013 (doi: 10.1631/jzus.C1200318 ).
[15] A. Ghaffari, “An energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks using a-star algorithm”, Journal of Applied Research and Technology, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 815-822, Aug. 2014 (doi: 10.1016/S1665-6423(14)70097-5).
[16] S. Cho, L. Han, B. Joo, S. Han, “P-LEACH: An efficient cluster-based technique to track mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks”, International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 1-10, Sept. 2014 (doi: /10.1155/2014/803656).
[17] S. Vasuhi, V. Vaidehi, “Target tracking using interactive multiple model for wireless sensor network”, Information Fusion, vol. 27, pp. 41-53, Jan. 2016 (doi: 10.1016/j.inffus.2015.05.004).
[18] C. Lersteau, A. Rossi, M. Sevaux, “Minimum energy target tracking with coverage guarantee in wireless sensor networks”, European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 265, np. 3, pp. 882-894, March 2018 (doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.08.045).
[19] W.C. Yang, Z. Fu, J.H. Kim, M.S. Park, “An adaptive dynamic cluster-based protocol for target tracking in wireless sensor networks”, Advances in Data and Web Management, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-72524-4_19).
[20] M. Naderan, M. Dehghan, H. Pedram, “Upper and lower bounds for dynamic cluster assignment for multi-target tracking in heterogeneous WSNs”, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, vol. 73, no. 10, pp. 1389-1399, Oct. 2013 (doi: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2013.04.007).
[21] M. Roth, G. Hendeby, F. Gustafsson, "EKF/UKF maneuvering target tracking using coordinated turn models with polar/Cartesian velocity", Proceeding of the IEEE/FUSION, pp. 1-8, Salamanca, Spain, July 2014.
[22] J. Yang, F. Liu, H. Ge,Y. Yuan, “Multiple extended target tracking algorithm based on GM-PHD filter and spectral clustering”, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, Article Number: 117, 2014 (doi: 10.1186/1687-6180-2014-117).
[23] Z. Wang, W. Lou, Z. Wang, J. Ma, H. Chen, “A novel mobility management scheme for target tracking in cluster-based sensor networks. in distributed computing in sensor systems”, Proceeding of the ICDCSS, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelber, 2010.
[24] A. S. Bernabe, J.R. M. Dios, A. Ollero, "Efficient cluster-based tracking mechanisms for camera-based wireless sensor networks", IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1820-1832, Sept. 2015 (doi: 10.1109/TMC.2014.2374164).
[25] X. Ji, Y. Zhang, S. Hussain, D. Jin, E. Lee, M. Park, "FOTP: Face-based object tracking protocol in wireless sensor network", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICCIT, pp. 128-133, Seoul, South Korea, Nov. 2009 (doi: 10.1109/ICCIT.2009.246).
[26] Z. Sann, K.T. Minn, "Simulation of the rumor routing algorithm in sensor networks", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICCRD, pp. 10-14, Shanghai, China, March 2011 (doi: 10.1109/ICCRD.2011.5764234).
[27] J.M. Hsu, C.C. Chen, C.C. Li, “POOT: An efficient object tracking strategy based on short-term optimistic predictions for face-structured sensor networks”, Computers and Mathematics with Applications, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 391-406, Jan. 2012 (doi: 10.1016/j.camwa.2011.07.034).
_||_[1] S. Rezaei borjlu, H. Alibagheri, “Design and simulation of a 20-watt doherty power amplifier at a frequency of 2.14 GHz for wireless communication systems”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 10, no. 37, pp. 23-30, Spring 2019 (in Persian).
[2] S. Pakdaman-Tirani, A. Avokh, “Impact of sink node placement onto wireless sensor networks performance regarding clustering routing and compressive sensing theory”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 7, no. 25, pp. 41-54, Spring 2016 (in Persian).
[3] Y. Chi, H. Chang, “A tracking-assisted routing scheme for wireless sensor networks”, Wireless Personal Communications, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 411-433, 2013 (doi: 10.1007/s11277-012-0701-8).
[4] F. Tavakoli, F. Safi-Esfahani, “Implementation of agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm applying the map-reduce parallel approach”, Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 11, no. 41, pp. 15-32, Spring 2020 (in Persian).
[5] S. Bhatti, J. Xu, "Survey of target tracking protocols using wireless sensor network", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICWMC, pp. 110-115, Cannes, France, Aug. 2009 (doi: 10.1109/ICWMC.2009.25).
[6] J. Zheng, M. Bhuiyan, S. Liang, X. Xing, G. Wang, “Auction-based adaptive sensor activation algorithm for target tracking in wireless sensor networks”, Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 39, pp. 88-99, Oct. 2014 (doi: 10.1016/j.future.2013.12.014).
[7] S. Khakpour, R.W. Pazzi, K. El-Khatib, “A prediction based clustering algorithm for target tracking in vehicular ad-hoc networks”, Proceedings of the DIVANet, Canada. pp. 39-46, 2014 (doi: 10.1145/2656346.2656412).
[8] H.T. Kung, D. Vlah, "Efficient location tracking using sensor networks", Proceeding of the IEEE/WSNC, pp. 1954-1961 vol.3, New Orleans, LA, USA (doi: 10.1109/WCNC.2003.1200686).
[9] S.P.M. Tran, T.A. Yang, "OCO: Optimized communication & organization for target tracking in wireless sensor networks," Proceeding of the IEEE/SUTC, pp. 428-435, Taichung, Taiwan, June 2006 (doi: 10.1109/SUTC.2006.1636209).
[10] C.Y. Lin, W.C. Peng, Y.C. Tseng, "Efficient in-network moving object tracking in wireless sensor networks", IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 1044-1056, Aug. 2006 (doi: 10.1109/TMC.2006.115).
[11] B. Liu, W. Ke, C. Tsai, M. Tsai, "Constructing a message-pruning tree with minimum cost for tracking moving objects in wireless sensor networks is NP-complete and an enhanced data aggregation structure", IEEE Trans. on Computers, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 849-863, June 2008 (doi: 10.1109/TC.2008.22).
[12] A.N. Campos, E.L. Souza, F.G. Nakamura, E.F. Nakamura, J.J.P.C. Rodrigues, “On the Impact of Localization and density control algorithms in target tracking applications for wireless sensor networks. Sensors, Sensor (Basel, Switzerland), vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 6930-6952, 2012 (doi: 10.3390/s120606930).
[13] A. Yektaparast, F. Nabavi, A. Sarmast, "An improvement on LEACH protocol (Cell-LEACH)", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICACT, PyeongChang, South Korea, pp. 992-996, Feb. 2012.
[14] Z. Wang, Z. Wang, H. Chen, J. Li, H. Li, J. Shen, “HierTrack: an energy-efficient cluster-based target tracking system forwireless sensor networks”, Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE C, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 395-406, 2013 (doi: 10.1631/jzus.C1200318 ).
[15] A. Ghaffari, “An energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks using a-star algorithm”, Journal of Applied Research and Technology, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 815-822, Aug. 2014 (doi: 10.1016/S1665-6423(14)70097-5).
[16] S. Cho, L. Han, B. Joo, S. Han, “P-LEACH: An efficient cluster-based technique to track mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks”, International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 1-10, Sept. 2014 (doi: /10.1155/2014/803656).
[17] S. Vasuhi, V. Vaidehi, “Target tracking using interactive multiple model for wireless sensor network”, Information Fusion, vol. 27, pp. 41-53, Jan. 2016 (doi: 10.1016/j.inffus.2015.05.004).
[18] C. Lersteau, A. Rossi, M. Sevaux, “Minimum energy target tracking with coverage guarantee in wireless sensor networks”, European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 265, np. 3, pp. 882-894, March 2018 (doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2017.08.045).
[19] W.C. Yang, Z. Fu, J.H. Kim, M.S. Park, “An adaptive dynamic cluster-based protocol for target tracking in wireless sensor networks”, Advances in Data and Web Management, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007 (doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-72524-4_19).
[20] M. Naderan, M. Dehghan, H. Pedram, “Upper and lower bounds for dynamic cluster assignment for multi-target tracking in heterogeneous WSNs”, Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, vol. 73, no. 10, pp. 1389-1399, Oct. 2013 (doi: 10.1016/j.jpdc.2013.04.007).
[21] M. Roth, G. Hendeby, F. Gustafsson, "EKF/UKF maneuvering target tracking using coordinated turn models with polar/Cartesian velocity", Proceeding of the IEEE/FUSION, pp. 1-8, Salamanca, Spain, July 2014.
[22] J. Yang, F. Liu, H. Ge,Y. Yuan, “Multiple extended target tracking algorithm based on GM-PHD filter and spectral clustering”, EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing, Article Number: 117, 2014 (doi: 10.1186/1687-6180-2014-117).
[23] Z. Wang, W. Lou, Z. Wang, J. Ma, H. Chen, “A novel mobility management scheme for target tracking in cluster-based sensor networks. in distributed computing in sensor systems”, Proceeding of the ICDCSS, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelber, 2010.
[24] A. S. Bernabe, J.R. M. Dios, A. Ollero, "Efficient cluster-based tracking mechanisms for camera-based wireless sensor networks", IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1820-1832, Sept. 2015 (doi: 10.1109/TMC.2014.2374164).
[25] X. Ji, Y. Zhang, S. Hussain, D. Jin, E. Lee, M. Park, "FOTP: Face-based object tracking protocol in wireless sensor network", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICCIT, pp. 128-133, Seoul, South Korea, Nov. 2009 (doi: 10.1109/ICCIT.2009.246).
[26] Z. Sann, K.T. Minn, "Simulation of the rumor routing algorithm in sensor networks", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICCRD, pp. 10-14, Shanghai, China, March 2011 (doi: 10.1109/ICCRD.2011.5764234).
[27] J.M. Hsu, C.C. Chen, C.C. Li, “POOT: An efficient object tracking strategy based on short-term optimistic predictions for face-structured sensor networks”, Computers and Mathematics with Applications, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 391-406, Jan. 2012 (doi: 10.1016/j.camwa.2011.07.034).
