سیستم‌های مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی، مروری بر سیستم‌های صنعتی و بالینی ساخته شده
محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدیدپذیر
محمدرضا یوسفی
1
(مرکز تحقیقاتی ریزشبکه‌های هوشمند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجف‌آباد؛ استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجف‌آباد، ایران)
کلید واژه: مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی, تصویربرداری القای مغناطیسی, مقطع نگاری لوله‌های نفت و گاز, تصویر برداری غیر مخرب لوله‌های نفت و گاز و پتروشیمی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی یک روش تصویربرداری غیرهجومی و غیرتداخلی از داخل یک جسم هدف، بر اساس انجام اندازه‌گیری از روی سطح خارجی جسم و بدون تماس الکتریکی با آن است. در این روش با عبور یک جریان متناوب از یک یا چند سیم‌پیچ تحریک، یک میدان مغناطیسی تحریک در درون جسم مورد نظر ایجاد شده و ولتاژهای القایی در سیم پیچ‌های گیرنده اندازه‌گیری می‌شوند. بازسازی تصویر جسم با استفاده از نتایج حاصل از اندازه‌گیری، تخمین اولیه‌ای از ضرایب هدایت الکتریکی نواحی داخلی جسم، حل مسائل پیشرو و معکوس صورت می‌گیرد. از مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی در کاربردهای بالینی، می توان برای تصویربرداری از بافت‌های مختلف بدن استفاده کرد. مزایای این روش نسبت به سایر روش‌های مقطع‌نگاری الکتریکی در کاربردهای بالینی، بی‌نیازی آن از الکترودهای تماسی و بالاتربودن سطح ایمنی الکتریکی آن هستند. در سوی دیگر، یکی از نیاز‌های متخصصین صنعت کسب اطلاع از وضعیت داخلی لوله‌ها، مخزن‌ها و حفره‌های حاوی نفت، گاز و مشتقات آن‌ها است که به طور معمول دسترسی به داخل آن‌ها بدون قطع فرآیند تولید ممکن نیست. استفاده از مقطع نگاری القای مغناطیسی به عنوان یک روش تصویربرداری غیر مخرب از داخل خطوط لوله‌های انتقال نفت و گاز برای پایش مواد تشکیل دهنده سیال‌ها و اندازه گیری جریان و دبی سیال‌ها نیز در طی سال‌های اخیر از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار شده و در حال گسترش است. در این مقاله ضمن معرفی مختصر سیستم‌های ساخته شده مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی، مشخصات سیستم‌های ساخته شده در دو دسته کاربرد صنعتی و بالینی استخراج و مورد بحث و بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت.
Being a non-contact safe imaging technique, MIT has been an appropriate method for non-invasive and non-destructive industrial and medical imaging. In this imaging method, a primary magnetic field is applied by one or more excitation coils to induce eddy currents in the material to be studied, and then the secondary magnetic field from these eddy currents is detected in sensing coils. Image reconstruction is obtained from estimated electric conductivity coefficients by using measurement data and solutions of forward and inverse problems. MIT is a promising modality for noninvasive medical imaging due to its contactless and nonionizing technology. On the other hand, one of the needs of experts in oil/gas industry is to get information about process inside pipelines and tanks containing oil and gas, which is usually not accessible without disconnecting the process. For this reason, tremendous efforts have been made on measurements and nondestructive tests without physical disconnecting the process. In recent years, applications of process tomography as an imaging non-invasive tool for imaging from inside of pipelines, monitoring and measuring flows have increased. In this Paper, the properties of process and medical tomography systems reviewed.
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_||_[1] R. Williams, M. Beck, Process tomography: Principles, techniques, and applications, Butterworth Heinemann Ltd, Oxford, Britain, 1995.
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