بررسی تغییرات مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی اسانس گیاه Salvia mirzayanii L. در شرایط خشکی و نانو سریم اکساید
محورهای موضوعی :
گیاهان دارویی
مسعود گماریان
1
(استادیار, گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران)
افشار فلاح ایمانی
2
(دانشجوی دکتری، گروه باغبانی، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران)
منصور قربان پور
3
(دانشیار، گروه گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران)
پروین رامک
4
(استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران)
سعید چاووشی
5
(استادیار, گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/10/30
تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/01/28
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/05/30
کلید واژه:
مورفولوژی,
تنش خشکی,
اسانس,
مریم گلی ایرانی,
نانو سریم اکساید,
چکیده مقاله :
در این تحقیق تغییرات مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی مریم‌گلی ایرانی (Salvia mirzayanii L.) در شرایط تیمار خشکی و سطح متفاوت نانو سریم اکساید، پژوهشی گلدانی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با آزمایش اسپلیت پلات در سه تکرار بررسی گردید. فاکتور اصلی شامل تنش خشکی در 4 سطح 25، 50، 75 و 100 (شاهد) درصد ظرفیت زراعی و فاکتور فرعی محلول پاشی با نانوسریم اکساید در پنج سطح عدم مصرف (شاهد)، 125، 250، 500 و 1000 میلی لیتر در لیتر بود. اسانس گیری از اندام ها با استفاده از روش تقطیر با آب صورت گرفت و ترکیبات با استفاده از GC/MS جداسازی و شناسایی گردیدند.نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل شرایط بدون تنش خشکی × 1000 میلی لیتر نانو سریم اکساید نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیشترین اثر را بر افزایش ارتفاع بوته (35 درصد)، طول ریشه (22 درصد)، وزن خشک ریشه (9/14 درصد)، درصد اسانس (19 درصد)، کلروفیل a (32 درصد)، کلروفیل b (31 درصد) و کاتالاز (16 درصد داشت. همچنین اثر متقابل تنش خشکی در سطح 25 درصد در 125 میلی‌لیتر نانو سریم اکساید بیشترین اثر را بر کاهش وزن خشک بوته (12 درصد)، طول ریشه (13 درصد)، وزن خشک ریشه (19 درصد)، درصد اسانس (10 درصد)، کلروفیل a (14 درصد) داشت. ترکیب دکان (53/19 درصد) در شرایط بدون تنش خشکی، ترکیبات اسپاتولئول (86/35 درصد)، دودکانه (4/18 درصد)، بوتانیک اسید (8/19 درصد) و لینالول (03/25 درصد) در شرایط تنش خشکی 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و اوکتان (76/13 درصد بنابراین غلظت 1000 میلی گرم در لیتر نانو اکسید سریم بیشترین تاثیر را بر بهبود ویژگی های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی مریم گلی گذاشت. اما در شرایط 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی ترکیبات ثانویه اسپاتولئول، دودکانه، بوتانیک اسید و لینالول بیشترین و در شرایط 75 درصد ظرفیت زراعی ترکیبات ثانویه اوکتان، تریمتیل و هگزیل ایزووالرات بیشترین مقدار را داشتند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
In this split plot study, the morphological and phytochemical changes of Iranian Salvia (Salvia mirzayanii L.) under drought stress and cerium oxide nanoparticle treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications were investigated. The main plot included drought stress at 4 levels of 25, 50, 75 and 100 (control) percentage of the field capacity (FC). The sub-plot was foliar spray of Cerium oxide nanoparticle at five levels of non-consumption (control), 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ml/l. Essential oils were extracted from the organs using water distillation method and the compounds were separated and identified using GC/MS. The results showed that the interaction effect of conditions without drought stress × 1000 ml of nanocerium oxide compared to the control treatment had the greatest effect on increasing plant height (35%), root length (22%), root dry weight (14.9%), essential oil (19%), chlorophyll a (32%), chlorophyll b (31%) and catalase (16%). In addition, drought stress at the level of 25% in 125 ml nano cerium oxide decreased plant dry weight (12%), root length (13%), root dry weight (19%), essential oil percentage (10%), and chlorophyll a (14%). Based on the GS/MS results, decane compound (19.53%) in the condition without drought stress, the compounds of spatholeol (35.86%), docane (18.4%), butanic acid (19.8%) and linalool (25.03%) under condition of stress dryness of 50% field capacity and octane (13.76%) were included. Therefore, the concentration of 1000 mg/liter of cerium nanooxide had the greatest effect on improving the morphophysiological characteristics of Salvia. However, in the condition of 50% field capacity, the secondary compounds of spatholeol, dodecane, butanic acid and linalool were the highest, but in the condition of 75% of the field capacity, the highest amount belonged to the secondary compounds of octane, trimethyl and hexylisovalerate.
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Afshar Mohammadian, M., Qanati, F., Ahmadiani, S., and Sadrzamani, K. 2016. The effect of drought stress on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and soluble sugars of aromatic mint (Mentha pulegium). New findings in life sciences. 3(3): 25-34.
Alavi Samani, S., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Malekpoor, F. 2021. Effect of foliar application of chitosan on the quantity and quality of Hyssopus officinalis subsp. angustifolius Bieb. essential oil under different irrigation regimes. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants. 9(3): 69-81.
Amini, Z., and Saadati, P. 2014. Comparison of the effect of dehydration stress on changes in proline content and activity of antioxidant enzymes in three olive cultivars (Olea europaea L). Journal of Plant Research. 27(2): 156-67.
Arnon, D.I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant physiology. 24(1):1.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., and Teare, I.D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and soil. 39(1): 205-7.
Bazzazi, N., Khodambashi, M., and Mohammadi, S. 2013. The effect of drought stress on morphological characteristics and yield components of medicinal plant fenugreek. Journal of Crop production and Processing. 3(8):11-23.
Beauchamp, C., and Fridovich, I. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Analytical biochemistry. 44(1): 276-87.
Beers, R.F., and Sizer, I.W. 1952. A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. J. Biol. chem. 195(1): 133-40.
Böhm, W. 1976. Root parameters and their measurement. Methods of studying root systems: Springer. 125-38 p.
Celardo, I., Pedersen, J.Z., Traversa, E., and Ghibelli, L. 2011. Pharmacological potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles. Nanoscale. 3(4): 1411-20.
Cham, R., Abtahi, S.A., Jafarinia, M., Yasrebi, J. 2021. Study of biofertilizers effect on some physiological and biochemical traits of Dracocephalum kotschyi under different soil moisture regimes. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants. 9(2): 106-122.
Fashui, H., Chao, L., Lei, Z., Xuefeng, W., Kang, W., Weiping, S., Shipeng, L., Ye, T., and Guiwen, Z. 2005. Formation of complexes of rubisco–rubisco activase from La3+, Ce3+ treatment spinach. Science in China Series B: Chemistry. 48: 67-74.
Fashui, H., Ling, W., Xiangxuan, M., Zheng, W., and Guiwen, Z. 2002. The effect of cerium (III) on the chlorophyll formation in spinach. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 89: 263-76.
Fattahi Siah Kamri, S., Azad Ghojeh Bigloo, H., Salehi Sardoei, A., Fallah Imani, A., and Babaei, K. 2020. Effect of water deficit stress and salicylic acid on some of growth traits, photosynthetic pigments and yield essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita ). Iranian Journal of Pant & Biotechnology. 15(2): 39-51.
Fujita, T., Maggio, A., Garcı́a-Rı́os, M., Stauffacher, C., Bressan, R.A., and Csonka, L.N. 2003. Identification of regions of the tomato γ-glutamyl kinase that are involved in allosteric regulation by proline. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278(16): 14203-10.
Gavahi, M., Qalavand A., Najafi, F., and Soroush Zadeh, A., 2016. Effect of vermicompost, biofertilizers and nitrogen fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of Salvia officinalis under different moisture conditions. Journal of Agricultural Ecology. 9: 445-457.
Ghasemi, E., Sharafzadeh, S., Amiri, B., Alizadeh, A., and Bazrafshan, F. 2020. Variation in essential oil constituents and antimicrobial activity of the flowering aerial parts of Salvia mirzayanii & Esfand. Ecotypes as a Folkloric Herbal Remedy in Southwestern Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants. 23(1):51-64.
Ghorbanali, M., and Niakan, M. 2006. The effect of drought stress on soluble sugar, total protein, proline, phenolic compound, chlorophyll content and rate reductase activity in Soybean (Glycine maxcv.Gorgan3). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 18(56): 537-50.
Girija, C., Smith, B.N., and Swamy, P.M. 2002. Interactive effects of sodium chloride and calcium chloride on the accumulation of proline and glycinebetaine in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Environmental and Experimental Botany. 47(1): 1-10.
Gomes, F.P., Oliva, M.A., Mielke, M.S., Almeida, A.A.F., and Aquino, L.A. 2010. Osmotic adjustment, proline accumulation and cell membrane stability in leaves of Cocos nucifera submitted to drought stress. Scientia Horticulturae. 126(3): 379-84.
Gui, X., Zhang, Z., Liu, S., Ma, Y., Zhang, P., and He, X. 2015. Fate and phytotoxicity of CeO2 nanoparticles on lettuce cultured in the potting soil environment. PloS one. 10(8):e0134261.
Hedayati, A., Mirjalili, M. A., and Hadian, J., 2016. Investigating the chemical diversity of essences of different organs of Sardinia marig. Plant Research. 29: 908-918.
Hieng, B., Ugrinović, K., Šuštar-Vozlič, J., and Kidrič, M. 2004. Different classes of proteases are involved in the response to drought of Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars differing in sensitivity. Journal of Plant Physiology. 161(5): 519-30.
Jiang, B., Duan, D., Gao, L., Zhou, M., Fan, K., and Tang, Y. 2018. Standardized assays for determining the catalytic activity and kinetics of peroxidase-like nanozymes. Nature protocols. 13(7): 1506-20.
Kamatou, G.P.P., Makunga, N.P., Ramogola, W.P.N., and Viljoen, A.M. 2008. South african Salvia species: a review of biological activities and phytochemistry. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 119(3): 664-72.
Kapoor, R., Giri, B., and Mukerji, K.G. 2004. Improved growth and essential oil yield and quality in Foeniculum vulgare on mycorrhizal inoculation supplemented with P-fertilizer. Bioresource Technology. 93(3):307-11.
Karakoti, A., Singh, S., Dowding, J.M., Seal, S., and Self, W.T. 2010. Redox-active radical scavenging nanomaterials. Chemical Society Reviews. 39(11): 4422-32.
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