• صفحه اصلی
  • بررسی اثر سیلیکون بر برخی ویژگی‌های رشدی، فیزیولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه داروئی Cannabis sativa L. در محیط کشت‌های خاکی و بدون‌خاک

اشتراک گذاری

آدرس مقاله


کد مقاله : EJMP-2205-1687 (R1) بازدید : 167 صفحه: 45 - 62

10.30495/ejmp.2022.1957995.1687

20.1001.1.23223235.1401.10.4.3.3

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی اثر سیلیکون بر برخی ویژگی‌های رشدی، فیزیولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه داروئی Cannabis sativa L. در محیط کشت‌های خاکی و بدون‌خاک

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

فاطمه بهشتی 1 , سارا خراسانی نژاد 2

1 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران
2 - گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده تولیدات گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/02/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/28 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/10/01

کلید واژه: هیدروپونیک, آنتی‌اکسیدان, آنتوسیانین, شاهدانه, Cannabis sativa, فنل‌کل,

چکیده مقاله :

گیاه شاهدانه (Cannabis sativa L.) یک محصول امیدبخش به‌لحاظ تولید داروهای گیاهی خاص موردتوجه می‌باشد. همچنین سیلیکون، به عنوان یک عنصر اصلی بسیار مهم در بهبود عملکرد گیاهان در شرایط متنوع محیطی مطرح می‌باشد. سیستم‌های کشت بدون‌خاک از مهمترین فناوری روز دنیا برای محیط های نامساعد محیطی است در همین راستا باهدف بررسی عملکرد رشدی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی شاهدانه تحت محلول‌پاشی سیلیکون، آزمایشی گلدانی، در گلخانه دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان در بهار و تابستان سال 1398، براساس فاکتوریل دوعاملی در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تیمارسیلیکون با غلظت های صفر، 0/75، 1/5 و 2/25 میلی مولار و سه تکرار در چهار بستر کشت (خاک و ماسه (مشتقات خاکی)، خاک و ورمی کمپوست (مشتقات خاکی)، پرلیت (هیدروپونیک)، پرلیت و کوکوپیت (هیدروپونیک)) انجام شد. پس از کامل شدن رشد رویشی، شاخص های رشدی، مورفوفیزیولوژیک و فیتوشییمیایی از جمله طول ریشه و اندام هوایی (خط‌کش)، وزن تر اندام هوایی و ریشه، وزن خشک اندام‌هوایی و ریشه، رطوبت نسبی برگ (ترازو)، سطح برگ (سطح برگ‌سنج)، رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی و آنتوسیانین، قندکل، فنل‌کل، فلاونوئیدکل، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی (اسپکتوفتومتر)، برخی عناصر برگ و ریشه (فلیم‌فتومتر) اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که سیستم کشت دارای اثر معنی‌داری روی همه صفات مورد اندازه‌گیری (به جز فلاونوئیدکل) بوده است و اعمال سیلیکون سبب بهبود بسیاری از صفات فیتوشیمیایی و اجزای عملکرد با غلظت 1/5 و 2/25 در این گیاه شد. نکته قابل‌توجه اینست که سیلیکون در سیستم‌های هیدروپونیک سبب بهبود صفات رشدی و جذب عناصر گردید ولی در محیط کشت‌های مشتقات خاکی، سبب افزایش صفات فیتوشیمیایی فلاونوئیدکل و آنتوسیانین شد. نتایج به‌دست آمده می‌تواند حاکی از آن باشد که استفاده از محیط کشت‌های هیدروپونیک سبب افزایش عمکرد می‌گردد درحالی‌که در محیط‌های کشت خاکی به سبب وجود برخی محدودیت‌ها به ویژه محدودیت در جذب عناصر، ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی غیرآنزیمی مانند فنل‌کل افزایش نشان می‌یابد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Cannabis sativa L. is a promising product for the production of special herbal medicines. Silicon is also a very important element in improving plant performance in a variety of environmental conditions. Soilless culture systems are one of the most important technologies in the world for adverse environmental environments. Based on a two-factor factorial in a completely randomized design with four silicon treatments with concentrations of zero, 0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 mmol and three replications in four culture media (soil and sand (soil derivatives), soil and vermicompost compost (soil derivatives), perlite (hydroponics), perlite and cocopeat (hydroponics) were applied. After vegetative growth is complete, growth, morphophysiological and phytochemical indices including root and shoot length (ruler), fresh weight of shoot and root, dry weight of shoot and root, relative leaf moisture (scales), leaf area (leaf surface), photosynthetic pigments and anthocyanins, sugar, phenol, flavonoids, antioxidant activity (spectrophotometer), some leaf and root elements (flame photometer) were measured. The results showed that the culture system had a significant effect on all measured traits (except flavonoids) and the application of silicon improved many phytochemical traits and yield components with concentrations of 1.5 and 2.25 in this plant. It is noteworthy that silicon in hydroponic systems improved the growth traits and absorption of elements, but in the culture medium of soil derivatives, increased the phytochemical traits of flavonoids and anthocyanins. The results can indicate that the use of hydroponic culture media increases the yield, while in soil media due to some limitations, especially the absorption of elements, non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds such as phenolic acid increase.

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References

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