• صفحه اصلی
  • بررسی فیتوشیمیایی اسانس و اثر تیمارهای مختلف بر شکستن خواب و تحریک جوانه‌زنی بذر .Salvia sahendica Boiss. & Buhse

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آدرس مقاله


کد مقاله : EJMP-2108-1645 (R1) بازدید : 234 صفحه: 59 - 72

10.30495/ejmp.2022.1936932.1645

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی فیتوشیمیایی اسانس و اثر تیمارهای مختلف بر شکستن خواب و تحریک جوانه‌زنی بذر .Salvia sahendica Boiss. & Buhse

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

احد هدایتی 1 , فاطمه آقامحسنی 2 , الناز نوروزی 3 , سیاوش همتی 4 , میرسجاد میریوسف زاده 5 , زهرا باقری 6 , شبنم میر یوسف زاده 7 , محمد حسین میرجلیلی 8

1 - استادیار، گروه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در سامانه‌های زیستی، جهاد دانشگاهی واحد آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران
2 - کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه کشاورزی، پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در سامانه‌های زیستی، جهاد دانشگاهی واحد آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران
4 - کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در سامانه‌های زیستی، جهاد دانشگاهی واحد آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران
5 - کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در سامانه‌های زیستی، جهاد دانشگاهی واحد آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران
6 - کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در سامانه‌های زیستی، جهاد دانشگاهی واحد آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران
7 - دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد، گروه تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه در سامانه‌های زیستی، جهاد دانشگاهی واحد آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه، ایران
8 - دانشیار، گروه کشاورزی، پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/05/10 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/10/26 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/12

کلید واژه: میدان مغناطیسی, اسانس, جوانه‌زنی, جیبرلین, خواب فیزیولوژیک, مریم گلی سهندی,

چکیده مقاله :

مریم گلی سهندی (Salvia sahendica Boiss. & Buhse) گونه ای انحصاری از خانواده نعناعیان است که در دامنه ارتفاعات سهند در استان آذربایجان شرقی رویش دارد. این گیاه دارای اثرات ضد میکروبی، آنتی اکسیدانتی و ضد تشنج می باشد. هدف از این آزمایش با هدف ارزیابی کمیت و کیفیت اسانس و تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف بر درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی گونه مریم گلی سهندی به دلیل پایین بودن درصد جوانه زنی بذور گیاه انجام گرفت. اندام هوایی این گیاه در مرحله تمام گل در تابستان سال 1391 از رویشگاه کسایی تبریز جمع آوری و اسانس آن به روش کلونجر بدست آمد و آنالیز اسانس با دستگاه GC/MS انجام شد و آزمایش آزمون بذر نیز بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 4 تکرار انجام شد. تیمارها شامل هورمون جیبرلین در سه سطح غلظت (100، 150 و 200 پی پی ام)، سه سطح زمان شستشو (12، 24 و 48 ساعت)، سرمادهی در سه سطح مدت زمان (24، 48 و 72 ساعت) و تیمار مغناطیس 50 و 130 میلی تسلا (به‌مدت 5، 10، 20، 25 و 30 دقیقه) و شاهد بوده است. مطابق نتایج بازده اسانس این گونه 8/0 درصد وزنی بدست آمد و وجود 23 ترکیب از جمله ترنس- متا- منتا-2و8 دین، اسپاتولنول، آلفا- پینن، 1 و 8 سینئول، بای سیکلوجرماکرن و بتا- پینن در اجزای اسانس این گیاه به اثبات رسید. نتایج آزمون بذر نیز نشان داد که بذور تحت تیمار 100 پی پی ام جیبرلین دارای بالاترین میزان درصد جوانه زنی (47 درصد) و بذور تحت تیمار مغناطیس 130 میلی تسلا به مدت 20 دقیقه بالاترین میزان سرعت جوانه زنی (83/5) را در این گونه دارویی نسبت به شاهد (16درصد) و (99/1 درصد) داشتند. نتایج حاکی از این است که بذر این گونه دارای خواب فیزیولوژیک بوده و با تیمارهای مختلف به طور معنی داری می توان درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی آن را افزایش داد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Salvia sahendica Boiss. & Buhse.  with antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticonvulsant properties is an endemic species of the lamiaceae family that grows in the Sahand highlands in East Azerbaijan province. The aim of the present study was to investigate the quantity and quality of essential oils and effect of different treatments on the percentage and germination rate of this species due to the low germination percentage of its seeds. The aerial parts of the plant were collected at flowering stage in the summer of 2012 from Kasai habitat in Tabriz Then, its essential oil was obtained by clevenger method and analized by GC/MS. Seed test was conducted based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replications. Treatments included gibberllin at three levels of concentration (100, 150 and 200 ppm for 24 h), three levels of wash time (12, 24 and 72 h), chilling at three levels of duration (for 24, 48 and 72 h) and magnetic treatment (50 and 130 mT for 5, 10, 20, 25 and 30 min) and control. Based on the results, the essential oil yield of this species was 0.8% by weight and the presence of 23 compounds including trans-meta-mentha-2,8-diene, spathulenol, α-Pinene, 1,8-cineol and β-pinene in the essential oil components of this plant was proved. Seed test result showed that seeds treated with 100 ppm gibberellin had the highest germination rate (47 %) and seeds treated with 130 mT for 20 min had the highest germination rate (5.83) compared to control (16) and (1/99) respectively. The results indicate that the seeds of this species have physiological dormancy and different treatments can significantly increase. 

منابع و مأخذ:


  1. Abdani Nasiri, A., Mortazaeinezhad, F. and Taheri, R. 2018. Seed germination of medicinal sage is affected by gibberellic acid, magnetic field and laser irradiation. Electromagnetic biology and medicine. 37 (1): 50-56.
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  2. Abdollahi, J., Ebrahimi, M. H., Ramshini, A., Jaafari, A., Eftekhari, A., Siah, M., Mansouri, Y. and Goharrizi, M. A. 2012. Seed germination as the major conservation issue of endemic Iranian Salvia Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 6 (1): 37-46.
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  3. Abdollahi-Ghehi, H., Sonboli, A., Ebrahimi, S.N., Esmaeili, M.A. and Mirjalili, M.H. 2019. Triterpenic acid content and cytotoxicity of some Salvia species from Iran. Natural Product Communications.14 (5): 1934578-19842722.
    4.
  4. Adhikari, B., Dhital, P.R., Ranabhat, S. and Poudel, H. 2021. Effect of seed hydro-priming durations on germination and seedling growth of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). PloS one.16 (8):
    5.
  5. Aladjadjiyan, A. 2003. Study of the influence of magnetic field on some biological characteristic of Zea maise. Journal Central European Agriculture. 3 (2): 89–98.
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  6. Cornea-Cipcigan, M., Pamfil, D., Sisea, C.R. and Mărgăoan, R. 2020. Gibberellic acid can improve seed germination and ornamental quality of selected Cyclamen species grown under short and long days. Agronomy. 10 (4):516.
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  7. El Euch, S.K., Hassine, D.B., Cazaux, S., Bouzouita, N. and Bouajila, J. 2019. Salvia officinalis essential oil: Chemical analysis and evaluation of anti-enzymatic and antioxidant bioactivities. South African Journal of Botany. 120: 253-260.
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  8. Fateh, E., Majnoonhosseini, N., Maddah Arefi, H. and sharif-zadeh, F. 2005. Seed dormancy methods breakage in Astragalus tribuloides', Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research. 13 (4): 345-360.
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  9. Finch-Savage, W.E. and Footitt, S. 2017. Seed dormancy cycling and the regulation of dormancy mechanisms to time germination in variable field environments. Journal of experimental botany. 68 (4): 843-856.
    10.
  10. Florez, M., Martinez, E. and Carbonell M.V. 2012. Effect of magnetic field treatment on germination of medicinal plants Salvia officinalis and Calendula officinalis L. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 21 (1): 57-63
    11.
  11. Ghodsirasi, H., Sepehry, A. and Barani, H. 2021. Investigating changes in gibberellin and abscisic acid in the leaves and twigs of different age groups Kochia prostrata (L) schrad and its effect on germination and seed dormancy characteristics under prechilling treatment. Journal of Plant Production Research.28 (2):.23-38.
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  12. Goren, A. C., Kilic, T., Dirmenci, T. and Bilsel, G. 2006. Chemotaxonomic evalution of Turkish species of Salvia: fatty acid composition of seeds oils. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 34 (3): 160-164.
    13.
  13. Hedayati, A., Mirjalili, M.H. and Hadian, J. 2017. Chemical diversity in the essential oil from different plant organs of Salvia sahendica & Buhse. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). 29 (4): 908-918.
    14.
  14. Humphries, T., Chauhan, B.S. and Florentine, S.K. 2018. Environmental factors effecting the germination and seedling emergence of two populations of an aggressive agricultural weed; Nassella trichotoma. PLoS One.13 (7): 199491.
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  15. Lee, J.W., Jo, I.H., Kim, J.U., Hong, C.E., Kim, Y.C., Kim, D.H. and Park, Y.D. 2018. Improvement of seed dehiscence and germination in ginseng by stratification, gibberellin, and/or kinetin treatments. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology.59 (3): 293-301.
    16.
  16. Liu Y., Li, Y., Luo W., and Liu, Sh. 2020. Soil potassium is correlated with root secondary metabolites and rootassociated core bacteria in licorice of different ages. Journal of Plant soil. 456: 61-79.
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  17. Lotfipour, F., Samiee, M. and Nazemiyeh, H. 2007. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Salvia sahendica and Phlomis caucasica. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. 1: 29-34.
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  18. Mirjalili, S. 2016. Assessment of genetic diversity among some accessions of Sage (Salvia officinalis) using electrophoresis of seed storage proteins. Iranian journal of plant biology. 8 (28): 79-107.
    19.
  19. Mofidi Tabatabaei, S., Salehi, P., Moridi Farimani, M., Neuburger, M., De Mieri, M., Hamburger, M. and Nejad-Ebrahimi, S. 2017. A nor-diterpene from Salvia sahendicaNatural product research. 31 (15): 1758-1765.
    20.
  20. Nimmi, V. and Madhu, G. Effect of pre-sowing treatment with permanent magnetic field on germination and growth of Chilli (Capsicum annum. L.). International Agrophysics. 23 (5): 195-198.
    21.
  21. Norouzi, R. and Norouzi M. 2018. The study of quantitative and qualitative variations in essential oil of Salvia reuterana in wild and field conditions. Journal of Plant Process and Function.7 (23) :347-360.
    22.
  22. Nourafcan, H. and Naseri, F. 2018. Effect of bio and hormonal priming on seed germination indices of clary Sage (Salvia sclarea). Journal of Seed Research. 8 (3): 51-60.
    23.
  23. Olmez, Z., Gokturk, A. and Temel, F. 2007. Effect of cold stratification, sulfuric acid, submersion in hot and top water pretreatment on germination of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss & Huet.) seeds. Seed science and technology. 35 (6): 266-271.
    24.
  24. Ozcan, M., Tzakou, O. and Couladis, M. 2003. Essential oil composition of Turkish herbal tea (Salvia aucheri) bentham var. caescens Boiss et Helder. Flavour and Fragrance Journal. 18 (5): 325-327.
    25.
  25. Paiva, E.P.D., Torres, S.B., Alves, T.R.C., Sá, F.V.D.S., Leite, M.D.S. and Dombroski, J.L.D. 2018. Germination and biochemical components of Salvia hispanica seeds at different salinity levels and temperatures. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy. 40.
    26.
  26. Paiva, E.P.D., Torres, S.B., Sá, F.V.D.S., Nogueira, N.W., Freitas, R.M.O.D. and Leite, M.D.S. 2016. Light regime and temperature on seed germination in Salvia hispanicaActa Scientiarum. Agronomy. 38: 513-519.
    27.
  27. Palizdar, M., Tavakkol Afshari, R., Jamzad, Z., Ardakani, M. and Nejat Khah, P. 2021. Evaluation of the effects of seed treatment with GA3 and pre-chilling on seed germination characteristics of Salvia species. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 9 (4): 27-40.
    28.
  28. Rustaiyan, A., Korneilhdeh, H., Masoudi, SH. and Jassbi, A. R. 2013. Composition of the essential oil of Salvia sahendica & Buhse. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 9: 713-714.
    29.
  29. Salehi, P., Sonboli, A., Ebrahimi, S.N. and Yousefzadi, M. 2007. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils and various extracts of Salvia sahendica in different henological stages. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 43 (5): 328-330.
    30.
  30. Shen, H., L. Zhu, Q.Y. and Huq E. 2012. Max2 affects multiple hormones to promote hoto morphogenesis. Molecular Plant. 5 (3): 224-236.
    31.
  31. Tuan, P.A., Kumar, R., Rehal, P.K., Toora, P.K. and Ayele, B.T. 2018. Molecular mechanisms underlying abscisic acid/gibberellin balance in the control of seed dormancy and germination in cereals. Frontiers in Plant Science. 9: 668.
    32.
  32. Ulgen, C., Yıldırım, A.B. and Turker, A.U. 2017. Effect of magnetic field
    treatments on seed germination of Melissa officinalisInternational Journal of Secondary Metabolite. 4 (3): 43-49.
    33.
  33. Vishal, B. and Kumar, P.P. 2018. Regulation of seed germination and abiotic stresses by gibberellins and abscisic acid. Frontiers in Plant Science. 9: 838.
    34.
  34. Wang, Y., Zhang, J., He, W., Yang, S. and Wang, X. 2020. Effect of gibberellin treatment on dormancy-breaking and germination of cherry seeds. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 446 (3): 032079.
    35.
_||_

  1. Abdani Nasiri, A., Mortazaeinezhad, F. and Taheri, R. 2018. Seed germination of medicinal sage is affected by gibberellic acid, magnetic field and laser irradiation. Electromagnetic biology and medicine. 37 (1): 50-56.
    2.
  2. Abdollahi, J., Ebrahimi, M. H., Ramshini, A., Jaafari, A., Eftekhari, A., Siah, M., Mansouri, Y. and Goharrizi, M. A. 2012. Seed germination as the major conservation issue of endemic Iranian Salvia Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 6 (1): 37-46.
    3.
  3. Abdollahi-Ghehi, H., Sonboli, A., Ebrahimi, S.N., Esmaeili, M.A. and Mirjalili, M.H. 2019. Triterpenic acid content and cytotoxicity of some Salvia species from Iran. Natural Product Communications.14 (5): 1934578-19842722.
    4.
  4. Adhikari, B., Dhital, P.R., Ranabhat, S. and Poudel, H. 2021. Effect of seed hydro-priming durations on germination and seedling growth of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). PloS one.16 (8):
    5.
  5. Aladjadjiyan, A. 2003. Study of the influence of magnetic field on some biological characteristic of Zea maise. Journal Central European Agriculture. 3 (2): 89–98.
    6.
  6. Cornea-Cipcigan, M., Pamfil, D., Sisea, C.R. and Mărgăoan, R. 2020. Gibberellic acid can improve seed germination and ornamental quality of selected Cyclamen species grown under short and long days. Agronomy. 10 (4):516.
    7.
  7. El Euch, S.K., Hassine, D.B., Cazaux, S., Bouzouita, N. and Bouajila, J. 2019. Salvia officinalis essential oil: Chemical analysis and evaluation of anti-enzymatic and antioxidant bioactivities. South African Journal of Botany. 120: 253-260.
    8.
  8. Fateh, E., Majnoonhosseini, N., Maddah Arefi, H. and sharif-zadeh, F. 2005. Seed dormancy methods breakage in Astragalus tribuloides', Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research. 13 (4): 345-360.
    9.
  9. Finch-Savage, W.E. and Footitt, S. 2017. Seed dormancy cycling and the regulation of dormancy mechanisms to time germination in variable field environments. Journal of experimental botany. 68 (4): 843-856.
    10.
  10. Florez, M., Martinez, E. and Carbonell M.V. 2012. Effect of magnetic field treatment on germination of medicinal plants Salvia officinalis and Calendula officinalis L. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 21 (1): 57-63
    11.
  11. Ghodsirasi, H., Sepehry, A. and Barani, H. 2021. Investigating changes in gibberellin and abscisic acid in the leaves and twigs of different age groups Kochia prostrata (L) schrad and its effect on germination and seed dormancy characteristics under prechilling treatment. Journal of Plant Production Research.28 (2):.23-38.
    12.
  12. Goren, A. C., Kilic, T., Dirmenci, T. and Bilsel, G. 2006. Chemotaxonomic evalution of Turkish species of Salvia: fatty acid composition of seeds oils. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 34 (3): 160-164.
    13.
  13. Hedayati, A., Mirjalili, M.H. and Hadian, J. 2017. Chemical diversity in the essential oil from different plant organs of Salvia sahendica & Buhse. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). 29 (4): 908-918.
    14.
  14. Humphries, T., Chauhan, B.S. and Florentine, S.K. 2018. Environmental factors effecting the germination and seedling emergence of two populations of an aggressive agricultural weed; Nassella trichotoma. PLoS One.13 (7): 199491.
    15.
  15. Lee, J.W., Jo, I.H., Kim, J.U., Hong, C.E., Kim, Y.C., Kim, D.H. and Park, Y.D. 2018. Improvement of seed dehiscence and germination in ginseng by stratification, gibberellin, and/or kinetin treatments. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology.59 (3): 293-301.
    16.
  16. Liu Y., Li, Y., Luo W., and Liu, Sh. 2020. Soil potassium is correlated with root secondary metabolites and rootassociated core bacteria in licorice of different ages. Journal of Plant soil. 456: 61-79.
    17.
  17. Lotfipour, F., Samiee, M. and Nazemiyeh, H. 2007. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Salvia sahendica and Phlomis caucasica. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. 1: 29-34.
    18.
  18. Mirjalili, S. 2016. Assessment of genetic diversity among some accessions of Sage (Salvia officinalis) using electrophoresis of seed storage proteins. Iranian journal of plant biology. 8 (28): 79-107.
    19.
  19. Mofidi Tabatabaei, S., Salehi, P., Moridi Farimani, M., Neuburger, M., De Mieri, M., Hamburger, M. and Nejad-Ebrahimi, S. 2017. A nor-diterpene from Salvia sahendicaNatural product research. 31 (15): 1758-1765.
    20.
  20. Nimmi, V. and Madhu, G. Effect of pre-sowing treatment with permanent magnetic field on germination and growth of Chilli (Capsicum annum. L.). International Agrophysics. 23 (5): 195-198.
    21.
  21. Norouzi, R. and Norouzi M. 2018. The study of quantitative and qualitative variations in essential oil of Salvia reuterana in wild and field conditions. Journal of Plant Process and Function.7 (23) :347-360.
    22.
  22. Nourafcan, H. and Naseri, F. 2018. Effect of bio and hormonal priming on seed germination indices of clary Sage (Salvia sclarea). Journal of Seed Research. 8 (3): 51-60.
    23.
  23. Olmez, Z., Gokturk, A. and Temel, F. 2007. Effect of cold stratification, sulfuric acid, submersion in hot and top water pretreatment on germination of bladder-senna (Colutea armena Boiss & Huet.) seeds. Seed science and technology. 35 (6): 266-271.
    24.
  24. Ozcan, M., Tzakou, O. and Couladis, M. 2003. Essential oil composition of Turkish herbal tea (Salvia aucheri) bentham var. caescens Boiss et Helder. Flavour and Fragrance Journal. 18 (5): 325-327.
    25.
  25. Paiva, E.P.D., Torres, S.B., Alves, T.R.C., Sá, F.V.D.S., Leite, M.D.S. and Dombroski, J.L.D. 2018. Germination and biochemical components of Salvia hispanica seeds at different salinity levels and temperatures. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy. 40.
    26.
  26. Paiva, E.P.D., Torres, S.B., Sá, F.V.D.S., Nogueira, N.W., Freitas, R.M.O.D. and Leite, M.D.S. 2016. Light regime and temperature on seed germination in Salvia hispanicaActa Scientiarum. Agronomy. 38: 513-519.
    27.
  27. Palizdar, M., Tavakkol Afshari, R., Jamzad, Z., Ardakani, M. and Nejat Khah, P. 2021. Evaluation of the effects of seed treatment with GA3 and pre-chilling on seed germination characteristics of Salvia species. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 9 (4): 27-40.
    28.
  28. Rustaiyan, A., Korneilhdeh, H., Masoudi, SH. and Jassbi, A. R. 2013. Composition of the essential oil of Salvia sahendica & Buhse. Journal of Essential Oil Research. 9: 713-714.
    29.
  29. Salehi, P., Sonboli, A., Ebrahimi, S.N. and Yousefzadi, M. 2007. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils and various extracts of Salvia sahendica in different henological stages. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 43 (5): 328-330.
    30.
  30. Shen, H., L. Zhu, Q.Y. and Huq E. 2012. Max2 affects multiple hormones to promote hoto morphogenesis. Molecular Plant. 5 (3): 224-236.
    31.
  31. Tuan, P.A., Kumar, R., Rehal, P.K., Toora, P.K. and Ayele, B.T. 2018. Molecular mechanisms underlying abscisic acid/gibberellin balance in the control of seed dormancy and germination in cereals. Frontiers in Plant Science. 9: 668.
    32.
  32. Ulgen, C., Yıldırım, A.B. and Turker, A.U. 2017. Effect of magnetic field
    treatments on seed germination of Melissa officinalisInternational Journal of Secondary Metabolite. 4 (3): 43-49.
    33.
  33. Vishal, B. and Kumar, P.P. 2018. Regulation of seed germination and abiotic stresses by gibberellins and abscisic acid. Frontiers in Plant Science. 9: 838.
    34.
  34. Wang, Y., Zhang, J., He, W., Yang, S. and Wang, X. 2020. Effect of gibberellin treatment on dormancy-breaking and germination of cherry seeds. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 446 (3): 032079.
    35.

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