اثر پیش‌ تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک بر برخی شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، میزان فنل کلو فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیاهچه‌های گیاهL. Nepeta nuda تحت شرایط تنش شوری

محورهای موضوعی : تکنولوژی بذر

سپیده مجرب ¹ , محمد مقدم ² , رسول نریمانی ³

1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/07/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/11/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/03/01

کلید واژه: شوری, اسید سالیسیلیک, درصد جوانه‌زنی, پونه‌سا بی‌کرک (Nepeta nuda L.), تخفیف‌دهنده,

چکیده مقاله :

پیش تیمار بذور با اسید سالسیلیک، نقش مهمی در بهبود جوانه زنی و افزایش مقاومت گیاهان در برابر تنش های محیطی دارد. تأخیر در جوانه زنی، کاهش سرعت و درصد جوانه زنی از اثرات تنش شوری در مرحله جوانه زنی می باشد. برای بررسی اثر تنش شوری و پیش تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک به عنوان تخفیف دهنده شوری بر جوانه زنی بذور گیاه دارویی در معرض خطر انقراض پونه سای کرک (Nepeta nuda L.)، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار سطح شوری (0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌مولار)، سه سطح پیش تیمار بذر با اسید سالسیلیک (0، 2/0 و 5/0 میلی مولار) و در سه زمان (6 ،12و 24 ساعت) با سه تکرار، در آزمایشگاه فیزیولوژی گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1395 اجرا گردید. شاخص های مرتبط با جوانه زنی با خروج ریشه چه به میزان 2 میلی متر و به مدت 21 روز مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. پس از 21 روز و اتمام ثبت شاخص‌های جوانه زنی، ساقه چه ها جهت ارزیابی فیتوشیمیایی جدا شدند و اندازه گیری میزان فنل کل و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی به روش اسپکتروفتومتری و با استفاده از عصاره متانولی (استخراج در هاون چینی) به ترتیب با روش فولین-سیکالتو و ظرفیت مهار رادیکال‌های آزاد DPPH انجام پذیرفت. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش اثر مثبت کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک بر بهبود جوانه زنی این گیاه در غلظت 5/0 میلی مولار نسبت به 2/0 میلی مولار بیشتر مشهود بود. با افزایش تنش شوری صفات اندازه گیری شده به شدت کاهش یافت. به طوری که کمترین میزان درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی مربوط به تنش 150 میلی مولار به ترتیب 81/0 درصد و 02/0 بود. همچنین کاربرد اسید سالسیلیک باعث بهبود جوانه زنی در سطوح مختلف تنش شوری گردید. به طوری که بیشترین درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی مربوط به پیش تیمار بذور با اسید سالسیلیک به‌مدت 24 ساعت به‌ترتیب به‌میزان 11/25 درصد و 62/0 بدست آمد. بیشترین میزان فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی و فنل کل مربوط به تنش 50 میلی مولار به ترتیب 92/68 درصد و 2/1 میلی گرم در گرم وزن تر بود و کاربرد اسید سالسیلیک در سطوح مختلف شوری میزان این صفات را کاهش داد. به طور کلی، هر چند تنش شوری سبب اختلال در جوانه زنی پونه سای می شود؛ ولی می توان با پیش تیمار بذور با اسید سالسیلیک شاخص های

چکیده انگلیسی:

Seed pretreatment with salicylic acid plays an important role in improving germination and increasing resistance of plants to environmental stresses. Delay in germination, decrease in the rate and percentage of germination are from the effects of salinity stress in germination stage. In order to find out the effects of salinity stress along with salicylic priming on seed germination of Hairless Catmint (Nepeta nuda L.), a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design was conducted using salt stress at four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM), three levels of alleviators (0, 0.2 and 0.5 mM) and three times (6, 12 and 24 hours) with 3 replication at physiology laboratory of Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2016. Indicators of germination with radicle exit at size 2 mm were evaluated for 21 days. After 21 days and completion of recording of germination indices, the plumules were separated for phytochemical evaluation; and determination of total phenol content and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometric methods were carried out by using methanol extract (extracted in a porcelain mortar), Folin-Ciocalteu method and DPPH free radical scavenging, respectively. According to experiment results, the positive effect of salicylic acid on improving germination of this plant in concentration 0.5 mM was more evident than concentration of 0.2 mM. With increasing salinity, the measured traits were strongly reduced. So that the lowest germination percent and germination rate were 0.81 and 0.02 in 150 mM salt stress, respectively. Salicylic acid is also used as an alleviator to improve germination in different levels of salinity. So that the highest germination percent (25.11) and germination rate (0.62) were obtained from pretreatment with salicylic acid for 24 hours. The highest amount of antioxidant activity (68.92%) and total phenol (1.2 mg.g-1 FW) was related to level of 50 mM stress and the use of salicylic acid at different salinity levels reduced the amount of these traits. In general, although salinity stress markedly reduced germination in Nepeta nuda, but using pretreatment with salicylic acid can significantly improve germination indices in these conditions

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