بررسی تأثیر پیش تیمارهای مختلف توان و زمان دستگاه مایکروویو بر میزان ترکیبات فنلی، پایداری اکسایشی و برخی از خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی روغن گیاه دارویی Cannabis sativa L.

محورهای موضوعی : شیمی و آنالیز ترکیبات طبیعی

معصومه مقیمی ¹ (گروه شیمی، واحد گنبدکاووس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گنبدکاووس، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/03/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/07/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/12/01

کلید واژه: مایکروویو, پیش‌تیمار, فنل کل, پایداری اکسایشی, روغن شاه‌دانه,

چکیده مقاله :

در این تحقیق، اثر پیش‌ تیمارهای توان و زمان دستگاه مایکروویو بر میزان ترکیبات فنلی با استفاده از روش رنگ‌سنجی، پایداری اکسایشی و خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی روغن دانه شاه دانه (Cannabis sativa L.) شامل راندمان استخراج روغن، اسیدیته، ضریب شکست و شاخص رنگ روغن با استفاده از طرح کاملاً تصادفی در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل 3×3 با سه سطح توان مایکروویو (180، 540 و 900 وات) و سه سطح زمان مایکروویو (90، 180 و 270 ثانیه) و در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و روغن دانه‌های گیاه در سال 1396 با استفاده از پرس مارپیچی استخراج و برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار SAS استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش توان مایکروویو، راندمان استخراج روغن، اسیدیته، شاخص رنگ، پایداری اکسایشی و فنل کل به‌طور معناداری (01/0>P) افزایش یافت. افزایش زمان مایکروویو نیز منتج به افزایش راندمان استخراج روغن، اسیدیته، دانسیته، پایداری اکسایشی و فنل کل گردید و استفاده از پیش‌تیمار مایکروویو تأثیر معنی‌داری بر میزان ضریب شکست روغن‌ها نداشت. بیشترین راندمان استخراج روغن از دانه‌هایی به‌دست آمد که توان و زمان مایکروویو به‌کار رفته به‌ترتیب 900 وات و 270 ثانیه بود. بیشینه پایداری اکسایشی (33/9 ساعت) در حداکثر زمان و توان مایکروویو محاسبه شد. در مجموع با توجه به نتایج به‌دست آمده می‌توان بیان نمود که استفاده از مایکروویو به‌منظور تیماردهی دانه شاه‌دانه قبل از استخراج روغن با پرس سرد می‌تواند موجب بهبود راندمان استخراج روغن و افزایش ترکیبات فنلی گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In this study, the effects of pretreatment  irradiation power and time of microwave on total phenolic content , oxidative stability and the physicochemical properties of Cannabis oil, which included:  extraction efficiency, acidity values, refractive  and color index  were studied by a completely randomized design in the form of 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of applied microwave irradiation power (180, 540 and 900 W) and three microwave time levels (90, 180 and 270 seconds) and three replications. The hemp seeds were supplied from animal feed store in Gonbad kavous city in early spring of 2017 and oils were obtained by using spiral press .The SAS software was used for data analysis. The results were showed that with increasing microwave power, the oil extraction efficiency, acidity, color index, oxidative stability and total phenol increased significantly (p< 0.01). Increasing the microwave time also led to an increase in the oil extraction efficiency, acidity, density, oxidative stability and total phenol. The pretreatment microwave had no significant effect on the oil refractive index. The maximum oil extraction efficiency was obtained from seeds which had a microwave power and time of 900 watts and 270 seconds respectively. The maximum oxidative stability (9.33 hours) was achieved when the applied microwave power and time were at their maximized levels. Overall, regarding the achieved results it can be concluded that the use of microwave in order to treatment of hemp seeds before oil extraction by cold press can improve the oil extraction efficiency and increase phenolic compounds.

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