اثر باکتری¬های ریزوسفرمحرک رشد گیاه بر صفات آگروفیزیولوژیک ارقام گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L) تحت شرايط ديم در منطقه ایلام
محورهای موضوعی : زراعت و اصلاح نباتات
1 - گروه تکنولوژی تولیدات گیاهی، آموزشکده فنی‌مهندسی و کشاورزی دهلران، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران
2 - بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان ایلام، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایلام، ایران
کلید واژه: آزوسپریلیوم, تعرق, عملکرد دانه, فتوسنتز خالص, هدایت مزوفیلی ,
چکیده مقاله :
بهمنظور بررسي اثر باکتریهای افزاینده رشد گیاه بر عملکرد دانه و تبادلات گازی ارقام گلرنگ در شرایط ديم، آزمايش مزرعهاي به صورت فاکتوريل در قالب طرح بلوکهاي کامل تصادفي با سه تکرار در ايستگاه تحقيقات كشاورزي سرابله، استان ایلام در سال زراعي 1401-1400 اجرا شد. تيمارهاي آزمايشي شامل ارقام در چهار سطح (فرامان، گلدشت، سینا و امید) و عامل منابع مختلف كودي در شش سطح (شاهد، 50 درصد کود شیمیایی نیتروژن، باكتري ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ + 50 درصد كود شيميايي نیتروژن، باكتري آزوﺳﭙﺮﯾﻠﯿﻮم+ 50 درصد كود شيميايي نیتروژن، مخلوط باكتري ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ+ آزوﺳﭙﺮﯾﻠﯿﻮم +50 درصد كود شيميايي نیتروژن و 100 درصد کود شيميايي نیتروژن مورد نیاز) بودند. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه واریانس دادهها عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و هم‌چنین صفات فتوسنتزی تحت برهمکنش رقم× منابع مختلف کودی معنیدار شدند. برهمکنش تیمارها نشان داد که بيش‌ترين تعداد غوزه در بوته، تعداد دانه در غوزه، وزن هزار دانه، عملكرد دانه، عملكرد بیولوژیک، سرعت فتوسنتز خالص، میزان تعرق، هدایت مزوفیلی و کارایی مصرف آب فتوسنتزی از گلرنگ رقم سینا ×باكتري آزوﺳﭙﺮﯾﻠﯿﻮم+ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ+50 درصد كود شيميايي نیتروژن بهدست آمد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که کاربرد تلفیقی کود شیمیایی نیتروژن (به میزان 50 درصد کمتر) به همراه کود زیستی (ازﺗﻮﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮ+ آزوﺳﭙﺮﯾﻠﯿﻮم) علاوه بر اینکه در شرایط دیم میتواند از هدر رفت کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و آلودگی محیط زیست جلوگیری گردد، میتواند باعث بهبود رشد و تولید گلرنگ رقم سینا میشود.
In order to investigate the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on grain yield and gas exchange, of dry land safflower cultivars, a factorial field experiment was counducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications on the farms of Sarablah Agricultural Research Center, Ilam during 2021-2022 cropping Season. Experimental treatments included different safflower cultivars (Faraman, Goldasht, Sina and Omid) and treatment of different fertilizer sources (without fertilizer source, 50% N fertilizer recommended, Azospirillum+50% N fertilizer recommended, Azetobacter+50% N fertilizer recommended, Azospirillum+Azetobacter+50% N fertilizer recommended and 100% N fertilizer recommended). The results of this study showed that interaction of cultivar × fertilizer sources were significant on yield, grain yield components as well as gas exchanges in safflower under dryland conditions. The highest head per plant, seed per head, 1000-grain weight, seed yield, biological yield, net photosynthesis, transpiration, mesophilic conductance and photosynthetic water use efficiency were obtained from the interaction of Sina cultivar× Azospirillum+Azetobacter+50% N fertilizer. The results of this research showed that the combined use of nitrogen fertilizer (50% less) along with biological fertilizer (Azotobacter + Azospirillium) in addition to being able to avoid the wastage of nitrogen fertilizer and environmental pollution in dry land conditions, It can improve the growth and production of safflower cv. Sina.
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