تاثیر کود بیوچار و محلول‌پاشی هیومیک اسید بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی چای ترش (Hibiscus sabdariffa)

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

سیده فاخته سجادی ¹ , حمید مدنی ² , نورعلی ساجدی ³ , سعید چاوشی ⁴ , شهاب خاقانی ⁵

1 - 'گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران.
2 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران.
3 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران.
4 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران.
5 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد اراک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اراک، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/10/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/02/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/07/01

کلید واژه: اسانس.اسید هیومیک.بیوچار.چای ترش.زاویه هیو.شاخص قرمزی,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی تاثیر کود بیوچار و محلول‌پاشی هیومیک اسید بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی چای ترش، آزمایشی در مزرعه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک در سال 1396-1397 و 1397-1398 به­صورت کرت­های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل بیوچار در 3 سطح عدم مصرف (شاهد)، 4 تن در هکتار و 8 تن در هکتار و فاکتور دوم محلول­پاشی با هیومیک اسید 82 درصد در 4 سطح عدم مصرف (شاهد)، 100، 200 و 300 میلی­گرم در لیتر بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر متقابل بیوچار و هیومک اسید بر عملکرد میوه معنی­دار بود. در تیمار مصرف 8 تن در هکتار بیوچار و مصرف 200 میلی­گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید وزن تر اندام هوایی به­مقدار 1/465 گرم در بوته به­دست آمد که نسبت به عدم مصرف هر نوع کود 32 درصد افزایش نشان داد. در سطوح مختلف هیومیک اسید، مصرف 8 تن در هکتار موجب افزایش عملکرد میوه نسبت به تیمار عدم مصرف بیوچار و مصرف 4 تن در هکتار شد. اثر متقابل بیوچار و هیومک اسید بر شدت رنگ معنی­دار بود. در تیمار مصرف 8 تن در هکتار بیوچار و مصرف 100 میلی­گرم در لیتر هیومیک اسید شاخص قرمزی به­مقدار 67/14 به­دست آمد. در سطوح مختلف هیومیک اسید، مصرف 8 تن در هکتار موجب افزایش شاخص قرمزی شد. با توجه به اینکه در چای ترش شدت رنگ قرمز بیانگر میزان کیفیت محصول تولیدی می­باشد و مصرف هیومیک اسید به مقدار 300 میلی­گرم بر لییتر و بیوچار به­مقدار 8 تن در هکتار موجب افزایش این صفت و همچنین صفات عملکردی شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In order to investigate the effect of biochar fertilizer and humic acid foliar application on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) a split plots experiment in a randomized complete block design was performed with three replications in the Research Field of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019. Experimental factors included 3 levels of biochar (non-consumption or control, 4 tons ha-1, and 8 tons ha-1) and the second factor of foliar spraying of humic acid 82% at 4 levels (non-consumption or control, 100 mg/l, 200 mg/l, and 300 mg/l. Interaction of biochar and humic significantly affected fruit yield. In the treatment with 8 t/ha biochar and 200 mg/l humic acid, the fresh weight of shoots was 465.1 g plant, showing an increase by 32% compared to the minimum value obtained from fertilizer control. At different levels of humic acid, consumption of 8 tons per hectare biochar always increased fruit yield compared to non-biochar treatment and consumption of 4 tons per hectare biochar. The interaction of biochar and humic acid on color intensity was significant. In the combined treatment of 8 tons per hectare of biochar and 100/l of humic acid, a red index of 14.67 was obtained. At different levels of humic acid, consumption of 8 tons per hectare biochar increased the red color index. Considering the fact that the intensity of red color in Roselle indicates the quality of the product, the consumption of 300 mg per liter humic acid and 8 tons per hectare biochar increased this trait, improving its functional traits.

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