بررسی برخی از شاخص‌های رشد و ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیلاس وحشی (Cerasus arium L.) با توجه به نقش اکولوژیک ارتفاع از سطح دریا در جنگل‌های مدیریت شده رامسر
محورهای موضوعی : ژنتیک
میر مظفر فلاح چای
1
(
گروه جنگلداری، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران
)
رزا خلعتبری
2
(
گروه جنگلداری، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
)
علیرضا اسلامی
3
(
گروه کشاورزی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران
)
کلید واژه: رشد, ارتفاع, گیلاس وحشی, فلاونوئید, آنتوسیانین, جنگل‌های رامسر,
چکیده مقاله :
گیلاس وحشیL. Cerasus avium از گونه‌های پهن برگ و بومی بسیار با ارزشی است که به صورت پراکنده یا به صورت گروه‌های کوچک در جنگل‌های شمال ایران حضور دارد. این تحقیق به منظور مطالعه اثر ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر روی برخی از ویژگی‌های رشد گونه گیلاس وحشی در طبقات ارتفاعی مختلف صورت گرفت. بدین‌منظور بعد از جنگل گردشی‌های متعدد در سری‌های 1 و 3 جنگل‌های نسارود رامسر تعداد 60 پایه گیلاس قطورتر از 20 سانتی‌متر بعلّت عدم فراوانی مناسب در سایر ارتفاعات در سه طبقه ارتفاعی 400-200، 800-600 و 1400-1200 متر از سطح دریا به‌صورت انتخابی مشخص شدند. در این مطالعه برخی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی پایه‌های مورد نظر اندازه‌گیری و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که مشخصه‌های کمی رشد قطر برابر سنیه در طبقات ارتفاعی مختلف دارای اختلاف معنی داری در سطح 5 درصد بود. همچنین مشخص شد که با افزایش ارتفاع از سطح دریا و افزایش شدت نور به ویژه تابش مستقیم اشعه ماوراء بنفش میزان فلاونوئیدهای برگ و غلظت آنتوسیانین‌های موجود در میوه گیلاس وحشی که باعث پیدایش رنگ قرمز می‌شود افزایش یافت.
Cherry (Cerasus avium L.) is one of the valuable native and broadleaf species that are either scattered or exist as a small group in the northern forests of Iran. This research was carried out to investigate the effect of altitude from the sea level on some of the growth characteristics of cherry in different altitudinal layers. For this purpose, after seeing different forests in the series of 1 and 3 located in Nesaroud, Ramsar forests, 60 cherry trees of thicker than 20 cm in diameter were randomly identified due to the lack of suitable abundance in other altitudes of three altitudinal classes (200-400, 600-800, and 1200 -1400 m) above the sea level. In this study, some of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the given stands were measured and analyzed. The obtained results showed that the qualitative characteristic of diameter growth were significantly different at P≤0.05. It was also indicated that the amount of leaf flavonoids and the density of anthocyanin of Cerasus avium that create red color increased with an increase in the height from the sea level and the light intensity particularly the increase in the direct radiation of ultraviolet ray. The maximum density of flavonoids and anthocyanins are in the altitudes higher than 1200-1400 meter above the sea level.
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