پهنه بندی خطر زمین لغزش های کم عمق با استفاده از روش های آماری دو متغیره و GIS (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبخیز گلندرود
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداریعلی گیلانی پور 1 , صدرالدین متولی 2
1 - کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور
2 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور
کلید واژه: زمین لغزش کم عمق, شاخص لغزش, فاکتور, حوضه آبخیز گلندرود,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه زمین لغزشها بعنوان یک تهدید برای اکوسیستم های خشکی و ساکنان موجود در آن مبدل شده است که در منطقه مورد مطالعه بطور محسوسی مشاهده می شود. هدف از تحقیق حاضر دستیابی به مهمترین علل وقوع زمین لغزش های کم عمق در ارتفاعات شمالی البرز (شهرستان نور) است. ابتدا نقاط لغزشی با استفاده بازدیدهای میدانی مشخص و متعاقب آن نقشه پراکنش زمین لغزش منطقه تهیه گردید. سپس هر یک از عوامل موثر بر وقوع زمین لغزش در منطقه مورد مطالعه در 15 لایه اطلاعاتی شامل عوامل ژئومورفولوژیک و عوامل خاکی در محیط نرم افزار Arc GIS9.3 رقومی گردید. جهت تهیه نقشه حساسیت زمین لغزش از 3 مدل شاخص لغزش، نسبت فراوانی و فاکتور اطمینان استفاده گردید. به منظور ارزیابی مدل از روش منحنی ROC استفاده شد. نتایج بررسی عوامل ایجاد لغزش های کم عمق در این منطقه نشان داد عوامل مربوط به هیدرولوژی خاک نظیر رطوبت خاک، نفوذپذیری خاک و بافت خاک، بیشترین ارتباط را در وقوع این نوع لغزش ها دارند. نتایج ارزیابی مدل نشان داد که نقشه پهنه بندی زمین لغزش با مدل نسبت فراوانی دارای بیشترین دقت و صحت در منطقه مورد مطالعه بوده است.
Abstract Nowadays, landslides are treats for terrestrial ecosystems and their living organisms and they are present in the study area. The aim of current research is obtaining the most important effective factors on shallow landslide occurrence in northern Alborz (Noor County). In the first place, landslide locations were determined by field monitoring and the inventory map of landslides was then prepared. Subsequently, the most effective factors on the landslide incident from 16 data layers, such as biotic and abiotic factors, were derived into ArcGIS 9.3 software. Three models including Landslide Index, Frequency ratio and Certainty Factor were considered to provide the landslide susceptibility map. ROC curve was used to evaluate the models. Results showed that hydrologic elements such as of soil humidity, soil infiltrability, and soil texture along have the highest amount of relationship with the occurrence of shallow landslides in the study region. The results of assessment of model analysis also showed that the shallow landslide zonation map obtained from frequency ratio mode is more accurate one.
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