ارزیابی تنوع بی مهرگان خاکزی در اراضی جنگلکاری، باغی و کشاورزی منطقه کیاپی ساری، استان مازندران
محورهای موضوعی : جنگلداری
شیرزاد محمدنژاد کیاسری
1
(استادیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران)
فرید مهرام
2
(دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات آیت اله آملی، ایران.)
یوسف نیک نژاد
3
(استادیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات آیت اله آملی، ایران.)
کلید واژه: غنا, کلزا, گندم, مرکبات, فراوانی, بلندمازو,
چکیده مقاله :
این تحقیق به ارزیابی تنوع بی مهرگان خاکزی در عرصه های جنگلکاری بلوط بلندمازو، باغ مرکبات تامسون، اراضی گندم زار و کشت کلزا در منطقه کیاپی ساری می پردازد. برای هر تیمار عرصه یک هکتاری انتخاب و در آن 10 نقطه به صورت سیستماتیک تصادفی تعیین گردید. نمونه برداری از 40 میکروپلات خاک در فصل تابستان انجام پذیرفت. کلیه بی مهرگان خاکزی شامل کرم های خاکی، پادمان، هزارپایان، کنه ها، خرخاکی ها، پروتورا، سیمفیلا، دیپلورا، حشرات بالدار، صدپایان، شبه عقرب ها، عنکبوت ها و پادرازان بوده که در نمونه شمارش و زیوزن خشک آن تعیین شد.براساس شاخص های تنوع شانون و سیمسون میزان میانگین تنوع بی مهرگان خاکزی به ترتیب نزولی شامل توده بلندمازو، باغ مرکبات تامسون، عرصه کلزا و عرصه گندم زار بوده است. البته از نظر شاخص شانون عرصه جنگلکاری در طبقه اول جای گرفته و براساس شاخص سیمسون عرصه های جنگلکاری، باغ مرکبات تامسون و عرصه کلزا در رتبه اول جای داشته اند (سطح احتمال 0.05). این تحقیق از نظر تنوع بی مهرگان خاکزی نشان داد عرصه گندم زار در پایین ترین مرتبه جای داشته و توده بلندمازو مناسب ترین عرصه را فراهم ساخته است. نتیجه این ارزیابی بر انجام جنگلکاری در اطراف روستاها تاکید دارد و برای مناطق پرشیب زراعی نیز احداث باغ را توصیه می نماید.
The objective of this research was to evaluate soil invertebrates diversity within Wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) field, Cancola (Brassica napus L.) field, Thompson (Citrus sinensis L.) garden and Oak aforestation (Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey.) in Kiapey. One sample plot, each 1 ha was selected in every teatments. In each sample plot 10 microplots were selected random-systematically. Invertebrates were sampled in summer with using 40 core. The fourteen groups of soil invertebrates in each sample were extracted by Berlese funnel and counted by Binocular. All invertebrates were dried at 60◦C in oven and weighed with 0.001 gr precision. Density and biomass of soil invertebrates namely Earthworms, Collembola, Diplopoda, Isopoda, Chilopoda, Protura, Pseudoscorpions, Aranea, Symphyla, Diplura, Pauropoda, Opiliones, other Insects and larvae were measured. The results of this research showed that the decreasing of soil invertebrates diversity index in these treatments was respectively as aforestation of Oak, Thompson garden, Cancola field and wheat field. According to Shannon index the soil invertebrates diversity in the Oak aforestation was significantly greater than the other treatments and on Simpson index the soil invertebrates diversity in Oak aforestation, Thompson garden and Cancola fields was in the first place (p= 0.05). In terms of soil invertebrates diversity, the wheat field is at the lowest level and Oak aforestation is the most appropriate place. The results of this research insists on forestation activities around villages and in the steep terrain of Agriculture recommends on the creation of the garden.
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