تحلیل مکانی مبتنی بر اقلیم در ارزیابی تناسب مکان‌یابی پارک شهری شهرستان گرمی
محورهای موضوعی : برنامه ریزی شهری
وحید صفریان زنگیر
1
(دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد آب و هواشناسی کاربردی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی)
رئوف مصطفی زاده
2
(نویسنده مسئول : استادیار گروه آموزشی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی)
خدیجه حاجی
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی)
کلید واژه: تحلیل فضایی, پارک شهری, مکان‌یابی بهینه, مطلوبیت فضای شهری,
چکیده مقاله :
مکان‌های تفریحی یکی از مهم‌ترین کاربری‌های شهری بوده و نقش مهمی در کاهش آلودگی هوا و نیز ارتقـا کیفیت زندگی افراد ساکن در محدوده شهری دارند. هدف این پژوهش طراحی اقلیمی و تحلیل فضایی پارک شهری شهرستان گرمی با مساحت 2/1725 کیلومترمربع، براساس تأثیر مطلوبیـت فضـای داخلـی و تناسب مکان در ایجاد پارک‌های شهری اسـت. در ایـن پژوهش برخی از عناصر اقلیمی در یک دوره آماری 11 ساله (1393-1383) و عوامل جغرافیایی مؤثر در مکان‌یابی پارک شهری شهرستان گرمی انتخاب و نقشه‌های مربوطـه بـراسـاس آمـار و اطلاعات ایستگاه‌های منطقه با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای ArcGIS10.1 در مکان‌یابی منطقه مورد مطالعه و Autocad در طراحی پلان فضای سبز، حریم‌بندی و تعیین کاربری اراضی تهیـه شـدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که مطلوبیت مکان پارک‌ها و نیز مطلوبیت فضای داخلـی پارک‌هـا بـر شکل‌گیری اجتماعات فراغتی در آن‌ها مؤثر است و در پارک مورد مطالعه، مطلوبیت بیش‌تر مکان پارک و فضای داخلی موجب شده تا گروه‌های خانوادگی بیش‌تری در پارک‌ها حضور پیدا کنند، درحالی‌که ضعف ایـن عوامـل موجـب افزایش حضـور گروه‌هـای دوسـتان و همسالان شده است. در مجموع، سایت مورد نظر به‌عنوان سایت آسایش در اوقات فراغت انتخاب گردید. هم‌چنین از نظر اقلیمی، دریافت انرژی خورشیدی که در اکثر فصول سال و ایام روز، آسایش گرمایی را در زمان حضور گردش گران داراست. در نتیجه بیش‌ترین بارش مربوط به فصل پاییز می‌باشد در صورتی‌که ماه‌های تیر و مرداد به‌ترتیب با 13 و 5/9 میلی‌متر کم‌ترین مقدار را دارا هستند. بنابراین از نظر بارش دارای کم‌ترین تأثیر منفی بر مطلوبیت فضای تفریحی است. از نظر تأثیر ساعات آفتابی گردش‌گری مثبت ارزیابی شده است هم‌چنین تأثیر وزش باد در منطقه مثبت ارزیابی شده است.
Urban parks as one of the most important urban land use plays an important role in reducing air pollution and upgrade the quality of life of recreational areas as type of urban land use play an important role in reducing air pollution and improving the life quality of urban residents. The aim of this study is the design and spatial analysis of urban parks in the Germy Township based on the effects of desirable inner space, and location suitability on development of urban parks with an area of 1725.2 km2. The climatic factors in a 11-year (2004-2014) period were analyzed along with effective geographical parameters to site selection of Germy urban park, and related maps were prepared based on available data. The design of plans and determination of zones were done in GIS and AutoCAD environments. According to the results, the appropriateness of park location along with desirability of inner-park spaces leads to increase the presence of family groups. While the deficiencies of effective factors caused the attendance of even-aged group of friends and peers in the studied park. In conclusion, the study site was chosen as a suitable area in leisure times. Also in terms of climate and receiving solar energy, most seasons and times of day provide thermal comfort in the time of tourist's persistence. The result, the highest amount of rainfall is related to the autumn season, while the lowest amount of rainfall for the July and August months were 13 and 9.5 mm, respectively. Thus the rainfall has the least negative impact on the desirability of recreational space. The impact of sunshine hours was considered as positive and the impacts of wind blowing were assessed as favorable in the study site.
References
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13. Li, F., F. Zhang, X. Li, P. Wang, J. Liang, Y. Mei, W. Cheng, & Y. Qian, 2017. Spatiotemporal patterns of the use of urban green spaces and external factors contributing to their use in Central Beijing, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3): 237-249.
14. Li, F., R.Wang, J. Paulussen, & X. Liu, 2005. Comprehensive concept planning of urban greening based on ecological principles: a Case study in Beijing, China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 27(4): 325-336.
15. Majdi, R., 2011. Combination of analytic functions of GIS for designing optimum green space locations (Case study: Tabriz). Geographical Space, 11(33): 47-62. (In Persian)
16. Orr, D.W., 2004. The nature of design: ecology, culture, and human intention. Oxford University Press, US, 147pp.
17. Parivar, P., A.H. Yavari, & A. Sotudeh, 2008. A landscape - based analysis of spatial distribution and dynamics of Tehran urban green spaces. Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(45): 73-84. (In Persian)
18. Varesi, H.R., J. Mohammadi, & A. Shahivandi, 2008. Locating urban green space using gis model (Case study: Khorram Abad). Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 6(10): 83-103. (In Persian)
19. Walbridge, M.R., 1997. Urban ecosystems. 68pp.
20. Yousefi Rubyat, E., F. Ghasami, I. Salehi, & F. Jahani, 2014. Spatiotemporal approximation of urban green space in Birjand region parks, Researches in Geographical Sciences, 14(33): 113-130. (In Persian)
21. Zucca, A., A.M. Sharifi, & A.G. Fabbri, 2008. Application of spatial multi-criteria analysis to site selection for a local park: a Case study in the Bergamo Province, Italy. Journal of Environmental Management, 88(4): 752-769.
References
1. Artmann, M., O. Bastian, & K. Grunewald, 2017. Using the concepts of green infrastructure and ecosystem services to specify leitbilder for compact and green cities-the example of the landscape plan of Dresden (Germany), Sustainability, 9(198): 1-26.
2. Bunruamkaew, Kh., & Y. Murayam, 2011. Site suitability evaluation for ecotourism using GIS & AHP: a Case study of Surat Thani Province, Thailand. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 21: 269-278.
3. Chiesura, A., 2004. The role of urban parks for the sustainable city. Landscape and Urban Planning, 68(1): 129-138.
4. Church, R.L., 2002. Geographical information systems and location science. Computers and Operations Research, 29(6): 541-562.
5. Ebrahimi, M., 2006. A research on the geography of Mughan. Nikamuz Publications, 234pp. (In Persian)
6. Ebrahim-Zadeh, E., & E. Ebadi Jokandan, 2008. The spatial analysis of allocation of greenbelt utilization of the third givil zone of Zahedan. Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 6(11): 39-58. (In Persian)
7. Falahat, M.S., & M. Kalami, 2009. Urban open spaces effect on citizens spare time spending quality. Urban Management, 22(6): 85-96. (In Persian)
8. Gustafsson, R., 2004. Exploring woodland Design: designing with complexity and dynamics architectureand establishment. Landon & New York, Spon press, 444pp.
9. Hejazi, S.A., 1394. Locate create green space in the city of Tabriz, using geographic information systems. Geography and Planning, 19(51): 127-143. (In Persian)
10. Hosseini, S.H., G. Rafiee, & S.H. Javadian, 2016. Analyzing the pathology of public green spaces designing in urban areas (Case study: Eram Park in Sabzevar), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 18(2): 149-171. (In Persian)
11. Jim, C.Y., S. Sophia, & C. Chen, 2003. Comprehensive green space planning based on landscape ecology principles in compact Nanjing City, China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 65(3): 95-116.
12. Karimi Namini, E., & J. Nakhai. 2016. Development of green space on improvement of city quality and its importance in urban life (Case study: Beside Milad hospital (ChamranTehran Autobahn), District 2 Tehran). International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies, 609-630. (In Persian)
13. Li, F., F. Zhang, X. Li, P. Wang, J. Liang, Y. Mei, W. Cheng, & Y. Qian, 2017. Spatiotemporal patterns of the use of urban green spaces and external factors contributing to their use in Central Beijing, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3): 237-249.
14. Li, F., R.Wang, J. Paulussen, & X. Liu, 2005. Comprehensive concept planning of urban greening based on ecological principles: a Case study in Beijing, China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 27(4): 325-336.
15. Majdi, R., 2011. Combination of analytic functions of GIS for designing optimum green space locations (Case study: Tabriz). Geographical Space, 11(33): 47-62. (In Persian)
16. Orr, D.W., 2004. The nature of design: ecology, culture, and human intention. Oxford University Press, US, 147pp.
17. Parivar, P., A.H. Yavari, & A. Sotudeh, 2008. A landscape - based analysis of spatial distribution and dynamics of Tehran urban green spaces. Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(45): 73-84. (In Persian)
18. Varesi, H.R., J. Mohammadi, & A. Shahivandi, 2008. Locating urban green space using gis model (Case study: Khorram Abad). Journal of Geography and Regional Development, 6(10): 83-103. (In Persian)
19. Walbridge, M.R., 1997. Urban ecosystems. 68pp.
20. Yousefi Rubyat, E., F. Ghasami, I. Salehi, & F. Jahani, 2014. Spatiotemporal approximation of urban green space in Birjand region parks, Researches in Geographical Sciences, 14(33): 113-130. (In Persian)
21. Zucca, A., A.M. Sharifi, & A.G. Fabbri, 2008. Application of spatial multi-criteria analysis to site selection for a local park: a Case study in the Bergamo Province, Italy. Journal of Environmental Management, 88(4): 752-769.
