بررسی چگونگی استقرارگیاه وتیور با رویکرد کنترل رسوب وهرز آب در آبراهه ها، (مطالعه موردی: حوزه آبخیز واز )
محورهای موضوعی :
آبخیزداری
شعبانعلی غلامی
1
1 - گروه منابع طبیعی - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نور ‏ نور ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/03/15
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/02/02
تاریخ انتشار : 1397/06/01
کلید واژه:
"علف وتیور",
"حوزه آبخیرگزنا سری",
"استقرار گیاه وتیور",
"سد بیولوژیکی",
چکیده مقاله :
در تحقیق حاضر، گیاه وتیور روی دو دامنه حوزه آبخیز گزنا سری از شهرستان نور در استان مازندران در دو پایلوت و در شیب و جهات مختلف و روی 5لاین ( روی خطوط تراز ) و در داخل آبراهه هر پایلوت کشت شده اند. برای مراقبت از گیاه کاشته شده حصار کشی بعمل آمده و در طول تابستان، سه دوره آبیاری انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که گیاه وتیور در پایلوت (1) کاملا" مستقر شده اند ولی در پایلوت (2) گیاه وتیور در شش ماهه اول مستقر گردیده ولی در شش ماهه دوم بعلت یخ زده گی محل طوقه گیاه دردرجه حرارت پایین ( 9- سانتیگراد ) خشک شدند. بنابراین میزان زنده مانی در پایلوت (1) به 90 درصد و در پایلوت (2) در شش ماهه اول به 60 درصد ولی در شش ماهه دوم به صفر رسید. گیاه وتیور توانسـته است حـداکثر و حداقل دمای( 29 و 9- درجه سانتی گراد) و همچنین در حـداکثر و حـداقل رطوبـت نسـبی 100)و 40 درصــد) تحمل نموده است، و همچنــین در خاک با 5/7=pH و 794EC = میکرومهوس بر سانتیمتر سازگار ی نشان داده است. متوســط رشــد اندام هوایی و ریشــه گیاه در سال اول در پایلوت (1) بترتیب 41 و 52 سانتیمتر ودر پایلوت (2) شش ماهه اول بترتیب 26و 32 سانتیمتر بوده است. و رشد گیاه وتیور در رابطه با شیب و جهت دامنه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
چکیده انگلیسی:
In the present study, Vetiver Grass has been planted on the slopes of Gazna Sara of watershed in Nour city of Mazandaran Province in two pilots and in the different slope and directions and on five lines (on countered lines) and in the watershed of each pilot. For taking care of plants, it was enclosure and during the summer, irrigation was performed three times. The results showed that Vetiver Grass in the pilot (1) absolutely have been deployed, but in the pilot (2) Vetiver Grass has been established in the first half of year but in the second half the plant was died due to frost in low temperature (-12C°). Therefore, the survival rate in the pilot (1) reached 90% and in the pilot (2) in the first half to 60 percent but in the second half was zero. Vetiver grass could bear the maximum and minimum temperatures (29 and -9 C°) as well as the maximum and minimum relative humidity (100 and 40%). And also it has shown consistent in soil with a PH =7.5 and EC = 794 Micro-seimenc. It's average shoot and root growth the plant in the pilot (1) in the first year was 41 and 52 cm, respectively and in the pilot (2) in the first six months was 26 and 32
منابع و مأخذ:
References:
Ataeeyan, B. Maleki, T. and Ahmadi, J. 2016, Investigation of initial establishment of plant bases of Chrysopogon zizanioides, L. the study area of Malayer and Kermanshah, in the first national conference on natural resources and sustainable development in central Zagros, Shahrekord, Shahrekord University,
Alavi Bakhtiyarvand, N. Soltani Mohammadi, A. Qanavati, H. 2013, Master's thesis, shahide Chamran Ahwaz - Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, p. 81. 105.
Bracken, N.and Truong, P.N. (2000). Application of vetiver grass Techonology in the stabilization of road infrastructure in the wet tropical region of Australia. Proc.Second International vetiver Conf. Thailand, January 2000.
Carlin, G., Cook, F., Truong, P. and Thomas, E. (2002). Vetiver Grass Hedges for control of runoff and
drain stabilisation, Pimpama, Queensland. In ’Proceedings Fourth Queensland EnvironmentalConference’. May 2002, Brisbane, Australia (in press
Dalton، A. 2013.Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Qld. 4350, Australia.
Donjadee, S. Tingsanchali, T. 2012. Reduction of runoff and soil loss over steep slopes by using vetiver hedgerow systems Paddy & Water Environment, November 2012
Ghoadampour, A. And Bahrami, H. 2014. Effect of vetiver plant on preventing soil erosionn in Dez River Basin, Shahre-Hafttapeh, Iran 2nd National Conference on Engineering and Agricultural Management, Environment and Sustainable Natural Resources, Tehran, Permanent Secretariat of the Conference, Shahid Beheshti University.
Hengsadeekul, T. and Nomityongskul, P. 2004. Conservation of paddy storage silo using vetiver grass and clay. [On line]. Available at www journal. all. Edu/all- techno/2004.
Manarang, M.J.1994. Promotion of vetiver grass technology in the Philippines: The vet farms Inc. experience. [On line]. Available at www. Vetiver.
Maleki, T. Ataeiyan, B. Mohammad Parast, B. Akhdari, D. 2014, Investigation of Some Growth and Physiological Traits of Vetiver Plant in Saline Soils, Gorgan University, Mortar General.
Nazari, M.2013.Investigation of physiological responses and herb extraction of root and herb in different persent of waste waters, MSc dissertation, Shiraz University, Faculty of Basic Sciences
Niknejad, D. (2011) Biological control of coastal erosion of the rivers using the miraculous plant Vetiver grass, 11th National Irrigation and decreasing Evaporation Seminar, Winter 2011, pp. 45, 46, and 47
Nick Nehad Farmakher, H. 2014. Study of the Effects of Topography on the Viability of Vetiver grass in Kochic, Watershed, Razavi Scientific Journal, Eighth Year, No.3, Autumn 93, pp. 230-237.
Noraei, Z. Naseri, H. Salehei, F. and Keshtcar, A. 2014. Investigating the Effects of Sodium Chloride on Carbon and sodium of Vetiver Zizaniodies spicies, International Conference on Sustainable Development, solutions and challenges focusing on agriculture, natural resources, environment and tourism, Tabriz
Noushadi, M. and Valizadeh, H. 2016. The Effect of Vetjor Plant on Reduction of Salinity and Soil Consistency, Water and Soil Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Volume 30, Number 3, August - September 2016, pp. 804-796
Sabetan Fadaie, J. And Nematzadeh, A. 2009, Introduction of Vtitoro Plant and its Application in River Erosion Control, 8th International River Engineering Conference, Ahvaz, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Truong PN. 2000. The Global Impact of Vetiver Grass Technology on the Environment. Proc.Second Intern. Vetiver Conf. Thailand
World Bank, 1988. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria Zizanioides), A method of vegetative soil and moisture conservation in proceeding of seminar on the Vetiver system, New Delhi
Xu, L. 2003. Vetiver System for Agriculture Production. Proc. ICV-3, Guanzhou, China,6-9 Oct 2003.
17. Rafieei-pour, M. 2007. Investigation of Phytoremediation by vetiver grass in reducing water of Chemical pollution and its use for weed control, Journal of Soil and Water, Vol. 87, pp. 14-20
_||_References:
Ataeeyan, B. Maleki, T. and Ahmadi, J. 2016, Investigation of initial establishment of plant bases of Chrysopogon zizanioides, L. the study area of Malayer and Kermanshah, in the first national conference on natural resources and sustainable development in central Zagros, Shahrekord, Shahrekord University,
Alavi Bakhtiyarvand, N. Soltani Mohammadi, A. Qanavati, H. 2013, Master's thesis, shahide Chamran Ahwaz - Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, p. 81. 105.
Bracken, N.and Truong, P.N. (2000). Application of vetiver grass Techonology in the stabilization of road infrastructure in the wet tropical region of Australia. Proc.Second International vetiver Conf. Thailand, January 2000.
Carlin, G., Cook, F., Truong, P. and Thomas, E. (2002). Vetiver Grass Hedges for control of runoff and
drain stabilisation, Pimpama, Queensland. In ’Proceedings Fourth Queensland EnvironmentalConference’. May 2002, Brisbane, Australia (in press
Dalton، A. 2013.Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Qld. 4350, Australia.
Donjadee, S. Tingsanchali, T. 2012. Reduction of runoff and soil loss over steep slopes by using vetiver hedgerow systems Paddy & Water Environment, November 2012
Ghoadampour, A. And Bahrami, H. 2014. Effect of vetiver plant on preventing soil erosionn in Dez River Basin, Shahre-Hafttapeh, Iran 2nd National Conference on Engineering and Agricultural Management, Environment and Sustainable Natural Resources, Tehran, Permanent Secretariat of the Conference, Shahid Beheshti University.
Hengsadeekul, T. and Nomityongskul, P. 2004. Conservation of paddy storage silo using vetiver grass and clay. [On line]. Available at www journal. all. Edu/all- techno/2004.
Manarang, M.J.1994. Promotion of vetiver grass technology in the Philippines: The vet farms Inc. experience. [On line]. Available at www. Vetiver.
Maleki, T. Ataeiyan, B. Mohammad Parast, B. Akhdari, D. 2014, Investigation of Some Growth and Physiological Traits of Vetiver Plant in Saline Soils, Gorgan University, Mortar General.
Nazari, M.2013.Investigation of physiological responses and herb extraction of root and herb in different persent of waste waters, MSc dissertation, Shiraz University, Faculty of Basic Sciences
Niknejad, D. (2011) Biological control of coastal erosion of the rivers using the miraculous plant Vetiver grass, 11th National Irrigation and decreasing Evaporation Seminar, Winter 2011, pp. 45, 46, and 47
Nick Nehad Farmakher, H. 2014. Study of the Effects of Topography on the Viability of Vetiver grass in Kochic, Watershed, Razavi Scientific Journal, Eighth Year, No.3, Autumn 93, pp. 230-237.
Noraei, Z. Naseri, H. Salehei, F. and Keshtcar, A. 2014. Investigating the Effects of Sodium Chloride on Carbon and sodium of Vetiver Zizaniodies spicies, International Conference on Sustainable Development, solutions and challenges focusing on agriculture, natural resources, environment and tourism, Tabriz
Noushadi, M. and Valizadeh, H. 2016. The Effect of Vetjor Plant on Reduction of Salinity and Soil Consistency, Water and Soil Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Volume 30, Number 3, August - September 2016, pp. 804-796
Sabetan Fadaie, J. And Nematzadeh, A. 2009, Introduction of Vtitoro Plant and its Application in River Erosion Control, 8th International River Engineering Conference, Ahvaz, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Truong PN. 2000. The Global Impact of Vetiver Grass Technology on the Environment. Proc.Second Intern. Vetiver Conf. Thailand
World Bank, 1988. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria Zizanioides), A method of vegetative soil and moisture conservation in proceeding of seminar on the Vetiver system, New Delhi
Xu, L. 2003. Vetiver System for Agriculture Production. Proc. ICV-3, Guanzhou, China,6-9 Oct 2003.
17. Rafieei-pour, M. 2007. Investigation of Phytoremediation by vetiver grass in reducing water of Chemical pollution and its use for weed control, Journal of Soil and Water, Vol. 87, pp. 14-20
