بررسی برخی عوامل اکولوژیک مؤثر بر انتشار گونه Festuca ovina در مراتع استان لرستان- شهرستان دلفان
محورهای موضوعی :
جنگلداری
امیر میرزایی موسی وند
1
,
فرشاد کیوان بهجو
2
,
پروین رامک
3
,
احسان زندی اصفهان
4
1 - دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 - دانشیار دانشگاه محقّق اردبیلی، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی
3 - بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران
4 - استادیار بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، تهران، ایران
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/03/05
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/11/19
تاریخ انتشار : 1395/12/01
کلید واژه:
"عوامل محیطی",
"تجزیه خوشه ای",
"آنالیز تشخیص",
"Festuca ovina L ",
"استان لرستان",
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر عوامل محیطی بر انتشار گونه Festuca ovina L. بود. ابتدا 5 رویشگاه در سطح شهرستان دلفان انتخاب شد. در هر رویشگاه سه سایت انتخاب و سپس در هر سایت 3 ترانسکت به طول 100 متر مستقر و در طول هر ترانسکت در 10 قطعه نمونه یک مترمربعی درصد تاج پوشش کل و تراکم گونه مورد بررسی در خردادماه تعیین شد. در ابتدا، وسط و انتهای هر ترانسکت از عمق 30-0 سانتی‌متری خاک برداشت شد (در مجموع 135 نمونه خاک). ارتفاع، شیب، جهت شیب و برخی مشخصه‌های خاک شامل: بافت، هدایت الکتریکی، اسیدیته، ماده آلی، فسفر و پتاسیم قابل جذب و درصد ازت تعیین شدند. برای طبقه‌بندی سایت‌های نمونه‌برداری از روش تجزیه خوشه‌ای، مقایسه گروه‌های حاصل از تجزیه خوشه‌ای از آزمون t مستقل و تعیین اهمیت پارامترها از آنالیز تشخیص استفاده شد. نتایج تجزیه خوشه‌ای نشان داد که سایت‌ها به 2 گروه اصلی در سطح 5 درصد تفکیک می‌شوند. نتایج نشان داد که گونه مورد بررسی بیش‌ترین حضور را در ارتفاع 2641 متر، شیب بالای 40 درصد و جهات جغرافیایی شمال‌غرب و غرب، دمای 10 درجه سانتی‌گراد، بارندگی 481 میلی‌متر، خاک‌های با ماده آلی 97/1 درصد و درصد رس کمتر و مقدار سیلت بیشتر دارد. نتایج آنالیز تشخیص نشان داد که در ارتفاع، بارندگی و دما و همچنین برخی از پارامترهای مربوط به خاک مانند درصد شن، درصد سیلت و مقدار ماده آلی و در درجه دوم جهت شیب و سایر خصوصیات مربوط به خاک مانند pH و پتاسیم در انتشار گونه مورد مطالعه مؤثر هستند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
The aim of present study was assessing relationship between Festuca ovina dispersion. 5 habitats in County Delfan was chosen. In each habitat, three sites were selected at each site was established three transects the length of 100 meters. Along each transect in 10-square-meter plots with a total canopy cover and density of the studied species was determined. Then at initial, mid and end of transects soil samples were extracted in 0-30cm depth (A total of 135 soil samples). Height, slope, aspect and some soil characteristics including texture, electrical conductivity, acidity, organic matter, phosphorus, potassium and nitrate was determined. Cluster analysis to classify the sites sampled, Compare groups resulting from cluster analysis of independent t test and discriminate analysis was used to determine the important parameters. The results of cluster analysis indicated that the sites were separated to two main groups (At 5%). Also the results showed that studied species have the most presence in height of 2641m, slope more than 40 percent, NorthWest and western aspect, temperature more than 10 degree, precipitation 481mm, soils with 1.97 percent organic matter and less clay also more silt. The results of discriminant analysis indicated that at first level height, precipitation, temperature and some soil parameters like sand, silt and organic matter and at second level aspect and other soil characteristics like pH and potassium are effective in the studies species dispersion. According to the results of this study can be recommended as suitable to be used for rangeland restoration
منابع و مأخذ:
Reference
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Beers, T.W., P.E. Dress & L.C. Wensel, 1966. Aspect transformation in site productivity research. Journal of Forestry 64: 691-692.
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Bybordi, M, 1993. Soil Physics. Tehran University Press, No, 1672, 671p.(In Persian).
Davies, K.W., J.D. Bates, & R.F. Miller, 2006, Vegetation characteristics across part of the Wyoming big sagebrush alliance. Rangeland Ecology & Management 59: 567–575.
Ellenberge, H., 1992. Indicator Values of plants in central Europe, Erich Goltze KG, D-3400 Gottingen, 132 pp.
Escudero, A.J., M. Iriondo, J.M. Olano, A. Rubio, & R.C. Somolinos, 2000. Factor affecting establishment of a Gypsophyte, the case of Lepidium subulatum (Brassicaceae). American Journal Botanic 87: 861-871.
Fahimipor, E., M.A. Zare chahoki, & A. Tavili, 2010. The relationships between environment characteristics and vegetation in Taleghan rangelands. Journal of Rangeland 4: 23-32.(In Persian).
Ghorbani, A., & A. Asghari, 2014. Ecological factors affecting the distribution of Festuca ovina in Southeastern rangelands of Sabalan. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research 21(2): 368-381.(In Persian).
Jafari, M., A. Tavili, M. Rostampour, M.A. Zare Chahouki, & J. Farzadmehr, 2009. Investigation of environmental factors affecting vegetation distribution in the Zirkouh rangelands of Qaen. Journal of Range and Watershed Management 62(2): 197-213.(In Persian).
Kent, M., & Coker, A. 1992, Vegetation description and analysis, John Wiley & Sons, England.
Mirzaei Mossivand, A., A. Ghorbani, M.A. Zare Chahoki, F. Keivan Behjou, & K. Sefidi, 2016. Effective environmental factors on the distribution of Species Prangos ferulacea Lindl in Rangelands of Ardabil Province. Journal of Rangeland 10(2): 191-203.(In Persian).
Mirzaei Mossivand, A., F. Keivan Behjou, E. Zandi Esfahan, & A. Ghorbani, 2015. Assessment of Fire Effects on Surface Cover Changes and Forage Production: A Case Study Delfan County in Lorestan Province. Journal of Rangeland Science 5(1): 60-71.(In Persian).
Northup, B.K., J.R. Brown, & J.A. Holt, 1996. Grazing impact on the spatial distribution of soil microbial biomass around tussock grasses in tropical grassland. Journal Applied Soil Ecology 13:259-270.
Sheikh Hosseini, A.R., & F. Noorbakhsh, 2007. The effect of soil and plant residues on net nitrogen mineralization. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi 75: 127-133.(In Persian).
Shokrollahi, Sh., H.R. Moradi, & Gh.A. Dianati Tilaki, 2013. Study of environmental factors affecting the distribution of plant species in the mountain ranges of Central Alborz (Case study: Polur Mazandaran Province). Journal Natural Ecosystems of Iran 3(3): 53-65.(In Persian).
Toranjzar, H., M. Jafari, H. Azarnivand & M.R. Ghannadha, 2005. Investigation on relationship between soil characteristics and vegetation properties in Voshnaveh rangeland in Qom Province, Desert 10(2): 349-360.(In Persian).
Vetaas, O.R., & J.A. Gerytnes, 2002. Distribution of vascular plant species richness and endemic richness along the Himalayan elevation gradient in Nepal. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 11: 291-301.
Zare Chahouki, M.A., 2013. Data analysis in natural resources research using SPSS software, Jahad Daneshgahi publications, 310 p.(In Persian).
Zare Chahouki, M.A., A. Zarei, & M. Jafari, 2012. Effective environmental factors on distribution of plant species (Case study: Donbalid rangelands of Taleghan). Watershed Management Research (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi) 94: 65-73.(In Persian).
Zare Hesari, B., A. Ghorbani, A. Moatam, K. Hashemi Majd, & A. Asghari, 2014. Ecological factors affecting the distribution of Artemisia fragrans Willd on the southern slope of Sabalan. Journal of Rangeland 8(3): 225-237.(In Persian).
Zho, M., T.J. Hastie, & G. Walther, 2005, Constrained ordination analysis with flexible response function. Journal of Ecological Modeling 187: 524-536.
_||_Reference
Abbadi, G.A., & M.A. El Sheikh, 2002. Vegetation analysis of Failaka Island (Kuwait). Journal of Arid Environments 50: 153-163.
Beers, T.W., P.E. Dress & L.C. Wensel, 1966. Aspect transformation in site productivity research. Journal of Forestry 64: 691-692.
Bor, N.L., 1970. Festuca. 105-141. In: Reschinger. KH, (Eds.). Flora Iranica, Akademische, Druck. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria.
Bybordi, M, 1993. Soil Physics. Tehran University Press, No, 1672, 671p.(In Persian).
Davies, K.W., J.D. Bates, & R.F. Miller, 2006, Vegetation characteristics across part of the Wyoming big sagebrush alliance. Rangeland Ecology & Management 59: 567–575.
Ellenberge, H., 1992. Indicator Values of plants in central Europe, Erich Goltze KG, D-3400 Gottingen, 132 pp.
Escudero, A.J., M. Iriondo, J.M. Olano, A. Rubio, & R.C. Somolinos, 2000. Factor affecting establishment of a Gypsophyte, the case of Lepidium subulatum (Brassicaceae). American Journal Botanic 87: 861-871.
Fahimipor, E., M.A. Zare chahoki, & A. Tavili, 2010. The relationships between environment characteristics and vegetation in Taleghan rangelands. Journal of Rangeland 4: 23-32.(In Persian).
Ghorbani, A., & A. Asghari, 2014. Ecological factors affecting the distribution of Festuca ovina in Southeastern rangelands of Sabalan. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research 21(2): 368-381.(In Persian).
Jafari, M., A. Tavili, M. Rostampour, M.A. Zare Chahouki, & J. Farzadmehr, 2009. Investigation of environmental factors affecting vegetation distribution in the Zirkouh rangelands of Qaen. Journal of Range and Watershed Management 62(2): 197-213.(In Persian).
Kent, M., & Coker, A. 1992, Vegetation description and analysis, John Wiley & Sons, England.
Mirzaei Mossivand, A., A. Ghorbani, M.A. Zare Chahoki, F. Keivan Behjou, & K. Sefidi, 2016. Effective environmental factors on the distribution of Species Prangos ferulacea Lindl in Rangelands of Ardabil Province. Journal of Rangeland 10(2): 191-203.(In Persian).
Mirzaei Mossivand, A., F. Keivan Behjou, E. Zandi Esfahan, & A. Ghorbani, 2015. Assessment of Fire Effects on Surface Cover Changes and Forage Production: A Case Study Delfan County in Lorestan Province. Journal of Rangeland Science 5(1): 60-71.(In Persian).
Northup, B.K., J.R. Brown, & J.A. Holt, 1996. Grazing impact on the spatial distribution of soil microbial biomass around tussock grasses in tropical grassland. Journal Applied Soil Ecology 13:259-270.
Sheikh Hosseini, A.R., & F. Noorbakhsh, 2007. The effect of soil and plant residues on net nitrogen mineralization. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi 75: 127-133.(In Persian).
Shokrollahi, Sh., H.R. Moradi, & Gh.A. Dianati Tilaki, 2013. Study of environmental factors affecting the distribution of plant species in the mountain ranges of Central Alborz (Case study: Polur Mazandaran Province). Journal Natural Ecosystems of Iran 3(3): 53-65.(In Persian).
Toranjzar, H., M. Jafari, H. Azarnivand & M.R. Ghannadha, 2005. Investigation on relationship between soil characteristics and vegetation properties in Voshnaveh rangeland in Qom Province, Desert 10(2): 349-360.(In Persian).
Vetaas, O.R., & J.A. Gerytnes, 2002. Distribution of vascular plant species richness and endemic richness along the Himalayan elevation gradient in Nepal. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 11: 291-301.
Zare Chahouki, M.A., 2013. Data analysis in natural resources research using SPSS software, Jahad Daneshgahi publications, 310 p.(In Persian).
Zare Chahouki, M.A., A. Zarei, & M. Jafari, 2012. Effective environmental factors on distribution of plant species (Case study: Donbalid rangelands of Taleghan). Watershed Management Research (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi) 94: 65-73.(In Persian).
Zare Hesari, B., A. Ghorbani, A. Moatam, K. Hashemi Majd, & A. Asghari, 2014. Ecological factors affecting the distribution of Artemisia fragrans Willd on the southern slope of Sabalan. Journal of Rangeland 8(3): 225-237.(In Persian).
Zho, M., T.J. Hastie, & G. Walther, 2005, Constrained ordination analysis with flexible response function. Journal of Ecological Modeling 187: 524-536.
