تأثیر تنش شوری بر جوانه‌زنی و خصوصیات گیاهچه‌ای درمنه خزری (Artemisia annua L.)
محورهای موضوعی : تنش های محیطی
محمد حسین بیجه کشاورزی
1
(
گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
)
حشمت امیدی
2
(
استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزي، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران
)
کلید واژه: جوانه زنی, تنش شوری, گیاهچه, درمنه خزری,
چکیده مقاله :
تنش شوری یکی از عوامل مهم محدودکننده رشد وتولید محصولات کشاورزی است.گیاهان نیز مانند سایر موجودات زنده در برابر تنش‌ها حساس هستندو می‌توانند در اثر قرار گرفتن در معرض تنش‌های مختلف دچار آسیب شوند.جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه از مراحل مهم فنولوژیک گیاه هستند که در شرایط تنش شوری اهمیت ویژه‌ای پیدا می‌کنند.درمنه خزری(Artemisia annua L.)یکی از گیاهان دارویی مهمی است که از دیرباز در طب سنتی ایران و سایر کشورهای آسیایی مورد استفاده قرار می گرفته است. در این مطالعه، اثر تنش شوری بر جوانه زنی (درصد و سرعت)و خصوصیات گیاهچه های (طول ریشه چه، طول ساقه چه، وزن تر و خشک) درمنه خزری بررسی شد. این آزمایش در سال 1402 در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار در آزمایشگاه زراعت دانشگاه شاهد انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 4 سطح شوری(0، 50، 100 و 150 میلی مولار)ناشی از نمک کلرید سدیم بود. داده‌های به دست آمده با استفاده از نرم افزارSAS تجزیه و تحلیل و مقایسه میانگین ها با آزمون دانکن در سطح احتمال 5 درصد انجام گرفت. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد که بیشترین درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی و بیشترین طول ساقه چه و طول ریشه چه و نیز بیشترین وزن تر و خشک گیاهچه مربوط به تیمار شاهد (بدون شوری)بود. همچنین در غلظت‌های 150 میلی مول به بالا جوانه زنی مشاهده نشد.در نتیجه با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه می‌توان دریافت که تنش شوری تأثیر منفی بر جوانه زنی و رشد گیاهچه درمنه خزری دارد و بیانگر حساسیت بالای آن به شوری است.
Salinity stress is a significant factor that imposes limitations on the growth and productivity of crops. Like other living organisms, plants are susceptible to various stresses and can suffer damage when exposed to them.Under conditions of salinity stress, the stages of germination and seedling growth become particularly crucial in the life cycle of plants.Artemisia annua L., an important medicinal plant with a long history of use in traditional Iranian and other Asian medicine, was the subject of investigation in this research.The aim was to examine the impact of salinity stress on the germination process(both in terms of percentage and rate)and the characteristics of seedlings(such as radicle length,plumule length, fresh weight, and dry weight)in Artemisia annua L.The study was carried out in 2023,employing a completely randomized design with four replications at the Department of Agronomy in Shahid University.The experimental treatments consisted of four levels of salinity(0,50,100,and150 mM)induced by sodium chloride salt.The data obtained were analyzed using SAS software, and the means were compared utilizing the Duncan test at a 5%probability level.The findings of this experiment demonstrated that the control treatment(without salinity)exhibited the highest percentage and speed of germination, as well as the longest radicle and plumule lengths, and the greatest fresh and dry weights of the seedlings.Germination was not observed at concentrations of 150mM and higher.Hence, based on the outcomes of this study, it can be concluded that salinity stress has an adverse impact on the germination process and seedling growth of Artemisia annua L.,revealing the plant's heightened sensitivity to salinity.
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