ارائه مدل تعیین سطح پیچیدگی تکنولوژیک فعالیت‌های تحقیق و توسعه در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری گلستان)

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت صنعتی

غلامعلی شهمرادی ¹ , تقی ترابی ² , رضا رادفر ³ , محمدحسن چراغعلی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران
2 - دانشیار گرو اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه برنامه ریزی علوم اداری و مدیریت، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/03/17 تاریخ پذیرش : 1403/05/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/10/01

کلید واژه: پیچیدگی تکنولوژیک , تحقیق و توسعه , شرکتهای دانش بنیان,

چکیده مقاله :

امروزه تحقیق و توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان، از منابع مهم ایجاد تحوّل در حوزه‌های تکنولوژی و تولید دانش محسوب می‌شوند. هر چه سطح فعالیت‌های تحقیقاتی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پیشرفته‌تر و بنیادی‌تر باشد و میزان پیچیدگی فناورانه‌ی این فعالیت‌ها بالاتر باشد، امکان عرضه محصولات رقابتی‌تر فراهم می‌گردد. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه مدل تعیین سطح پیچیدگی فناورانه فعالیت‌های تحقیق و توسعه در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان، انجام شد. این تحقیق از نظر هدف جزء پژوهش‌های کاربردی و از منظر روش‌شناسی در دسته پژوهش‌های آمیخته قرار دارد. در بخش کیفی با رویکرد نظریه داده‌بنیاد، داده‌ها از مطالعه اسناد و مرور ادبیات و انجام مصاحبه‌های نیمه-ساختاریافته با 20 نفر از خبرگان حوزه تحقیق و توسعه و متخصصین شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان، گردآوری شد. با تجزیه و تحلیل داده های بخش کیفی و طی سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، 97 عامل تأثیرگذار در تعیین سطح پیچیدگی شناسایی شدند، سپس عامل دستیابی به تکنولوژی پیشرفته به‌عنوان مقوله محوری انتخاب شد و بقیه عوامل در درون سازه‌های پژوهش(عوامل علّی، زمینه ای، مداخله گر، راهبردها و پیامدها) جا گرفتند و مدل پارادایمی پژوهش شکل گرفت . داده‌های بخش کمّی از طریق پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته، از جامعه آماری مورد نظر(مدیران و کارشناسان شرکت‌های فعال در پارک علم و فناوری گلستان)، گردآوری شد، سپس تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها و نیز برازش مدل با روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری و با استفاده از نرم افزار smart pls3 انجام شد. شاخص‌های برازش، حاکی از برازش مناسب داده‌ها با مدل نهایی( شامل 91 عامل مؤثر در تعیین سطح پیچیدگی فناورانه تحقیق و توسعه) داشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Today, research and development of knowledge-based companies are considered important sources of transformation in the fields of technology and knowledge production. The more advanced and fundamental the level of research activities of knowledge-based companies and the higher the level of technological complexity of these activities, the more competitive products are available. In this regard, the present research was conducted with the aim of providing a model for determining the level of technological complexity of research and development activities in knowledge-based companies. In terms of its purpose, this research is part of applied research, and from the point of view of methodology, it is in the category of mixed research. In the qualitative part, with the approach of data-based theory, data was collected from studying documents and reviewing literature and conducting semi-structured interviews with 20 experts in the field of research and development and specialists of knowledge-based companies. By analyzing the data of the qualitative section and through three stages of open, central and selective coding, 97 influential factors in determining the level of complexity were identified, then the factor of obtaining advanced technology was selected as the central category and the rest of the factors within the structures The research took place and the research paradigm model was formed. Quantitative part data was collected from the target statistical population through a researcher-made questionnaire, then data analysis and model fitting with equation modeling method. The fit indices indicated the appropriate fit of the data with the final model .

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