توسعه مدل مفهومی عوامل پیش برنده بلاک‌چین در ارتقاء کارآفرینی با رویکرد کیفی
محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد
امیر زندی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری کارآفرینی، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران)
مهدی مران جوری
2
(استادیار گروه حسابداری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران)
مقصود امیری
3
(استاد گروه مدیریت صنعتی،دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری،دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی،تهران،ایران)
یوسف تقی پوریان
4
(استادیار حسابداری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران)
کلید واژه: کارآفرینی, عوامل پیش برنده, تحلیل محتوای ترکیبی جهت‌دار و تلخیصی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف از اجرای این تحقیق توسعه مدل مفهومی و دسته‌بندی عوامل پیش برنده بلاک‌چین در ارتقاء کارآفرینی است. روش مطالعه تحلیل محتوای کیفی و ابزار اصلی جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته می باشد. تحلیل داده‌ها با تکنیک تحلیل محتوای ترکیبی جهت‌دار و تلخیصی انجام گرفت. عوامل شناسایی شده شامل 140 کد باز است که در قالب 6 مقوله اصلی درج و در انتها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار MAXQDA، طبقه بندی و مدل مفهومی ترسیم گردید. به منظور سنجش پایایی و کنترل کیفیت مطالعه حاضر از روش کاپا استفاده شد. ضریب کاپا محاسبه شده بوسیله نرم‌افزار SPSS برابر با 0/950بوده که در سطح توافق عالی قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان دهنده آن است که 6 مولفه شناسایی شده پیش برنده بلاک‌چین در ارتقاء کارآفرینی شامل؛ اقتصادی، تکنولوژی، سیاسی، قانونی، اجتماعی و محیطی می باشد. با توجه به اینکه فناوری بلاک‌چین هنوز به بلوغ کافی نرسیده و در حال توسعه است، مقطع کنونی فرصت مناسبی برای واحد های کسب و کار می باشد که بتوانند با اتخاذ استراتژی های مناسب ریسک تهدیدهای احتمالی را کاهش داده و با بهره مندی از فرصت‌های بالقوه مزیت رقابتی پایداری برای کسب و کار خود ایجاد نمایند. انتظار می رود یافته‌های حاصل از این مطالعه به عنوان معیارهای کلیدی، یاری رسان مدیران و مسئولین حوزه کارآفرینی باشد.
The present study aimed at developing a conceptual model as well as categorizing blockchain driving factors in promoting entrepreneurship. The method of study was qualitative content analysis and the main tool of the data collection was semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using directional and summary hybrid content analysis techniques. The identified factors include 140 open source codes that were categorized into 6 main categories which, using MAXQDA software, were classified and a conceptual model was drawn. Kappa method was used to evaluate the reliability and quality control of the present study. The kappa coefficient, calculated by SPSS software, was 0.950 which is highly acceptable. The results show that the six identified components, driving blockchain's promotion of entrepreneurship, include economic, technological, political, legal, social and environmental. Given that blockchain technology is not yet mature enough and is being developed, the current stage is a good opportunity for business units to be able to mitigate potential risks by employing appropriate strategies and taking advantage of potential opportunities and create a lasting competitive advantage for their business. The findings of this study are expected to be key metrics to assist managers and entrepreneurs in the field of entrepreneurship.
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Chen, Y. (2018), Blockchain tokens and the potential democratization of entrepreneurship and innovation. Business horizons, 61(4), 567-575.
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Dagher, G.G., Mohler, J., Milojkovic, M., & Marella, P. B. (2018), Ancile: Privacy-preserving framework for access control and interoperability of electronic health records using blockchain technology. Sustainable cities and society, 39(1), 283-297.
Graneheim, U.H., & Lundman, B. (2004), Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educe Today; 24(2), 105-12. [PubMed] [Google Scholar].
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Gupta, Y., Shorey, R., Kulkarni, D., & Tew, J. (2018),The applicability of blockchain in the Internet of Things. In Communication Systems & Networks (COMSNETS), 2018 10th International Conference on (pp. 561-564). IEEE
Jesarati, A., Babazadeh, H., Zanjani, S., Jesarati, A., Azizi, H., Rezapur, A. (2013), An investigation of the relationship between motivational factors and performance of education staff, European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(3), 681-686.
Janssen, M., Weerakkody, V., Ismagilova, E., Sivarajah, U., & Irani, Z. (2020), A framework for analysing blockchain technology adoption: Integrating institutional, market and technical factors. International Journal of Information Management, 50, 302-309.
Larios-Hernández, G. J. (2017), Blockchain entrepreneurship opportunity in the practices of the unbanked. Business Horizons, 60(6), 865-874.
Mohammadpour, A., & Rezaei, M. (2008), Semantic Understanding of the Consequences of Renovation Entry to the Oraman Region of Iran through Background Research. Iranian Journal of Sociology, 9(1, 2), 3-33, (In Persian).
Patton, MQ. (2002), Qualitative research and evaluation methods. 3rd Sage Publications; Thousand Oaks, 1-832.
Paikhaste, P., Alambeigi, A., & Bathaiy, S. (2017), Investigate the competencies required for sustainable entrepreneurship development in agricultural higher education. Agricultural Education Administration Research, 9(40), 32-43, (In Persian).
Potter, W. J., & Levine, D. (1999), Rethinking validity and reliability in content analysis, Journal of Applied Communication Rcsearch, 27, 258-284.
Shareinia, H., Noorayi, A., Esmaeilnia, B., Esmaeili, R., & Bathaiy, S. (2018), The Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Entrepreneurial Talent in Nursing Students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research, 13(1), 73-79, (In Persian).
Shiravand, F., Mazhari, R., Mohamadi, M., & Tomhj, A. (2019), The Effect of Official and Unofficial Institutional Factors on Entrepreneurship and Its onsequences on Economic Growth: Evidence from MENA Countries (2008-2015). Iranian Journal of Economic Research, 54(1), 209-232, (In Persian).
Stone, P. (1966), The General Inquirer: Acomputer Approach to Content Analysis, Cambridge: M.I.T Press, 1-651.
Yu, J. H., Kang, J., & Park, S. (2019), Information Availability And Return Volatility In The Bitcoin Market: Analyzing Differences Of User Opinion And Interest. Information Processing & Management, 56(3), 721-732.
Volety, T., Saini, S., McGhin, T., Liu, C. Z., & Choo, K. K. R. (2019), Cracking Bitcoin wallets: I want what you have in the wallets. Future Generation Computer Systems, 91, 136-143.
Zhang, Y., & Wen, J. (2017), The IoT electric business model: Using blockchain technology for the internet of things. Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications, 10(4), 983-994.
Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H. N., & Wang, H. (2016), Blockchain challenges and opportunities: A survey. Work Pap, 14(4), 352-375.
_||_Batubara, F. R., Ubacht, J., & Janssen, M. (2018), Challenges of blockchain technology adoption for e-government: a systematic literature review. In Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research: Governance in the Data Age, 76, 1-9.
Chen, Y. (2018), Blockchain tokens and the potential democratization of entrepreneurship and innovation. Business horizons, 61(4), 567-575.
Corbin, J., & Stauss, A. (2015), Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory (4th Ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication, 1-456.
Dagher, G.G., Mohler, J., Milojkovic, M., & Marella, P. B. (2018), Ancile: Privacy-preserving framework for access control and interoperability of electronic health records using blockchain technology. Sustainable cities and society, 39(1), 283-297.
Graneheim, U.H., & Lundman, B. (2004), Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educe Today; 24(2), 105-12. [PubMed] [Google Scholar].
Guo, T., Bifet, A., & Antulov-Fantulin, N. (2018), Bitcoin volatility forecasting with a glimpse into buy and sell orders. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM) IEEE, 989-994.
Gupta, Y., Shorey, R., Kulkarni, D., & Tew, J. (2018),The applicability of blockchain in the Internet of Things. In Communication Systems & Networks (COMSNETS), 2018 10th International Conference on (pp. 561-564). IEEE
Jesarati, A., Babazadeh, H., Zanjani, S., Jesarati, A., Azizi, H., Rezapur, A. (2013), An investigation of the relationship between motivational factors and performance of education staff, European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(3), 681-686.
Janssen, M., Weerakkody, V., Ismagilova, E., Sivarajah, U., & Irani, Z. (2020), A framework for analysing blockchain technology adoption: Integrating institutional, market and technical factors. International Journal of Information Management, 50, 302-309.
Larios-Hernández, G. J. (2017), Blockchain entrepreneurship opportunity in the practices of the unbanked. Business Horizons, 60(6), 865-874.
Mohammadpour, A., & Rezaei, M. (2008), Semantic Understanding of the Consequences of Renovation Entry to the Oraman Region of Iran through Background Research. Iranian Journal of Sociology, 9(1, 2), 3-33, (In Persian).
Patton, MQ. (2002), Qualitative research and evaluation methods. 3rd Sage Publications; Thousand Oaks, 1-832.
Paikhaste, P., Alambeigi, A., & Bathaiy, S. (2017), Investigate the competencies required for sustainable entrepreneurship development in agricultural higher education. Agricultural Education Administration Research, 9(40), 32-43, (In Persian).
Potter, W. J., & Levine, D. (1999), Rethinking validity and reliability in content analysis, Journal of Applied Communication Rcsearch, 27, 258-284.
Shareinia, H., Noorayi, A., Esmaeilnia, B., Esmaeili, R., & Bathaiy, S. (2018), The Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Entrepreneurial Talent in Nursing Students of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research, 13(1), 73-79, (In Persian).
Shiravand, F., Mazhari, R., Mohamadi, M., & Tomhj, A. (2019), The Effect of Official and Unofficial Institutional Factors on Entrepreneurship and Its onsequences on Economic Growth: Evidence from MENA Countries (2008-2015). Iranian Journal of Economic Research, 54(1), 209-232, (In Persian).
Stone, P. (1966), The General Inquirer: Acomputer Approach to Content Analysis, Cambridge: M.I.T Press, 1-651.
Yu, J. H., Kang, J., & Park, S. (2019), Information Availability And Return Volatility In The Bitcoin Market: Analyzing Differences Of User Opinion And Interest. Information Processing & Management, 56(3), 721-732.
Volety, T., Saini, S., McGhin, T., Liu, C. Z., & Choo, K. K. R. (2019), Cracking Bitcoin wallets: I want what you have in the wallets. Future Generation Computer Systems, 91, 136-143.
Zhang, Y., & Wen, J. (2017), The IoT electric business model: Using blockchain technology for the internet of things. Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications, 10(4), 983-994.
Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H. N., & Wang, H. (2016), Blockchain challenges and opportunities: A survey. Work Pap, 14(4), 352-375.
