شناسایی مؤلفه‌ها و زیرمؤلفه‌های الگوی پیشران‌های توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان (موردمطالعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان جنوب شرق کشور)
محورهای موضوعی : اقتصادنیکی رزاززاده طوسی 1 , مجتبی بذرافشان مقدم 2 , نور محمد یعقوبی 3 , عالمه کیخا 4 , ابراهیم حدادی 5
1 - دانشجوی دکترای گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران
2 - دانشیارگروه مدیریت آموزشی و توسعه منابع انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران
3 - استاد گروه مدیریت دولتی دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران.
4 - استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی ،دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران..
5 - استادیار گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد زاهدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زاهدان، ایران.
کلید واژه: شرکت های دانش بنیان, پیشران های توسعه, روش کلایزی,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین ابعاد و مؤلفه‌های پیشران‌های توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان انجام شده است. پایدارترین اقتصادها در عصر حاضر مربوط به اقتصادهای دانشی است. در گذر از اقتصادهای پیشین به اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان در تئوری سازمانی تغییراتی ایجاد شده است و بر اساس نقش اساسی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان در توسعه فناوری و رشد اقتصادی و ایجاد اشتغال، بقا و رشد آنها از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. این مطالعه به روش کیفی و بر مبنای استراتژی پدیدارشناسی انجام شد. جهت جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته و عمیق و جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل آنها از رویکرد کلایزی استفاده گردید. جامعه موردمطالعه پژوهش نخبگان مرتبط با موضوع شامل نخبگان دانشگاهی و پارک‌های علم و فناوری و نخبگان اجرایی و بروکرات های نظام اداری ایران که مشغول سیاست‌گذاری بودند، تشکیل دادند که با توجه به نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و کفایت آن 13 مورد مصاحبه قرار گرفتند. درنتیجه مدل اولیة پیشران‌های توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان در دو سطح استخراج شد و 41 زیرمؤلفه در قالب 11 مؤلفه برای پیشران‌های توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان شناسایی شدند. سپس در قسمت کمی تحقیق جهت سنجش و برازش مدل، پرسشنامه‌ای در میان 107 مدیر شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان جنوب شرق کشور قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی گویای آن بود که تمامی مؤلفه‌ها و زیر مؤلفه‌ها مورد تأیید قرار گرفتند.
The organizational theory has changed through a transmission from prior economies to knowledge-based economies which are currently considered as the most sustainable economies. Due to the basic role these companies in technological development and economic growth, it has become vitally important to maintain and develop them. The objective of the present study was therefore to scrutinize the components of development drivers at knowledge-based companies in the southeast of Iran using a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were employed to collect the research data which were analyzed via Colaizzi's Phenomenological Method. The research population consisted of experts at universities and science parks, executive elites, and bureaucrats of the Iranian administrative system involved in policy-making from whom a purposive sample of 13 was selected and interviewed. The initial model of the development drivers of knowledge-based companies was thus extracted in two levels. Further, 41 subcomponents of the model were identified under 11 components. Then, the questionnaires were distributed among 107 managers of knowledge-based companies in southeast Iran during the quantitative phase of the research. The results of the confirmative factor analysis indicated that all components and subcomponents were verified
Abdalla, W., Suresh, S., & Renukappa, S. (2020). Managing knowledge in the context of smart cities: An organizational cultural perspective, 16(4), 47-85.
Alassaf, D., Dabić, M., Shifrer, D., & Daim, T. (2020). The impact of open-border organization culture and employees’ knowledge, attitudes, and rewards with regards to open innovation: an empirical study. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(9), 2273-2297.
Ali Hamadi, A., Ghazinoori, S. (2008). Prioritizing policy instruments for supporting new technology-based firms in Iran, using a fuzzy MCDM model. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 1(3), 73-79.{In Persian}.
Amini, E., Baniasadi, M., Vahidi, H., Nematollahi, H., Khatami, M., Amandadi, M., ... & Safarpour, H. (2020). Affecting Factors of Knowledge-Based Companies Using Fuzzy AHP Model, Case Study Tehran University Enterprise Park. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 11(2), 574-592.
Coad, A. , & Reid, A.J.F.R.f.S.E., Glasgow. (2012). The role of Technology and Technology-based Firms in Economic Development.
Carrizosa, M. T. (2007). Firm growth, persistence and multiplicity of equilibria: an analysis of Spanish manufacturing and service industries. Doctoral dissertation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 1-6.
Czarnitzki, D., Rammer, C., Toole, A A.(2014). University spin-offs and the performance premium, Small Business Economics, 43(2), 309- 326.
Chadam, J., & Pastuszak, Z. (2005). Marketing aspects of knowledge-based management in groups of companies: case of Poland. Industrial Management & Data Systems,105(4), 459-475.
Camisón-Haba, S., Clemente-Almendros, J. A., & Gonzalez-Cruz, T. (2019). How technology-based firms become also highly innovative firms? The role of knowledge, technological and managerial capabilities, and entrepreneurs’ background. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(3), 162-170.
Denisa Neagu C. (2008), Knowledge Based Organization. Springer. Doing Business, (2014). Comparing business regulations for domestic firms in 189 economies, Economy Profile: Iran, Islamic Rep.
Ebadi A, Farahanifard S, Adeli O.(2019). Knowledge-based economy central role in controlling unemployment. quarterly journal of fiscal and Economic policies. 7 (25) :129-150.{In Persian}.
Fallah Haghighi, N., Mirtorabi, M. S., Bijani, M., & Valizadeh, N. (2020). Appropriate strategies to establish knowledge-based companies: Evidence from Iran. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 26(4):6375-6389.
Fakhari, H., Salmani, D., & Daraei, M. (2013). The Impact Of Economic Sanctions On The Knowledge-Based Companies In Iran. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 5(3), 1-16.{In Persian}.
Ghazinoory, S., Mohammad Hashemi, Z., Sajadifar, M. (2020). Invetigating the Effect of Government Interventions on the Firms' Innovaative performance:A Case study of Knowledge- Based ICT Companies. Journal of Executive Management., 12(23), 95-124.{In Persian}.
Hassani, S., Rafiei, S., Bakhshiani, A. (2016). Investigating the Role of Research and Technology Organizations in National Innovation System; Case Study of Research Institute of Petroleum Industry. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 8(4), 63-76.{In Persian}.
Hasani, S., Sahebkar Khorasani, M. (2017). Preparing a List of Knowledge-Based Products Using Grounded Theory and Comparing Its Findings with the Concept of Dynamic Capabilities. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 9(2), 83-99.{In Persian}.
Jalalpour, S., Talebi, K., tabibi, S. (2016). Performance improvement of Iranian knowledge based firm: Identify effective factors in policies and executive programs . Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 9(2), 199-217.{In Persian}.
Khayatian Yazdi, M., Elyasi, M., Tabatabaeeian, H. (2016). The Model for Sustainability of Knowledge-based Firms in Iran. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 8(2), 49-62.{In Persian}.
Khayatian,Mohammadsadegh,tabatabaiyan,habibollah,elyasi,mahdi.(2019).Analysis of the factors influencing the growth and sustainability of Knowledge based firms in Iran.Journal of Innovation and Value Creation,6, 57-74 .{In Persian}.
Leon, R. -D. (2013). From the Sustainable Organization to Sustainable Knowledge-Based Organization. Economic Insights – Trends and Challenges, 2.
Löfsten, H. , & Lindelöf, P. (2001). Science parks in Sweden – industrial renewal and development? . 31(3), 309-322.
Li, L., Xie, J., Wang, R., Su, J., & Sindakis, S. (2019). The partner selection modes for knowledge-based innovation networks: A multiagent simulation. IEEE Access, 7, 140969-140979.
Mansuri, S., vazifeh, Z., yusefi tabas, H. (2017). prioritizing the effective factors in the development of knowledge-based companies of Kerman. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 10(2), 319-338.{In Persian}.
Martina, K., Hana, U., & Jiri, F. (2012). Identification of managerial competencies in knowledge-based organizations. Journal of competitiveness, 4(1), 129-142
McKelvie, A. , Brattström, A. , & Wennberg, K. J. S. B. E. (2017). How young firms achieve growth: reconciling the roles of growth motivation and innovative activities. 49(2), 273-293.
Mian, S. , Lamine, W. , & Fayolle, A. J. T. (2016). Technology Business Incubation: An overview of the state of knowledge. 50, 1-12.
Mowlaie S, shakeri R, yaghoubi N M.(2019). Personal Knowledge Management Influence on Innovative Culture and Performance in Knowledge Based Companies. IQBQ. 22 (4) :130-150.{In Persian}.
Naghizadeh, R., & Namdarian, L. (2019). The Suppotive Policies for New Technology-Based Firms (NTBF's). Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 11(2), 285-296.{In Persian}.
Nicolaescu, S. S., Florea, A., Kifor, C. V., Fiore, U., Cocan, N., Receu, I., & Zanetti, P. (2020). Human capital evaluation in knowledge-based organizations based on big data analytics. Future Generation Computer Systems, 111, 654-667.
Oakey RP.( 2003). Technical entrepreneurship in high technology small firms: Some observations on the implications for management"; Technovation, Vol. 23, pp. 679-688.
Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Leech, N. L. (2007). A call for qualitative power analyses. Quality & Quantity, 41(1), 105-121.
O’Shea, R. P., Chugh, H. & Allen, T. J. (2008). “Determinants and consequences of university spinoff activity: A conceptual framework”,The Journal of Technology Transfer, 33(6): 653-666.
Pilat, D. & Lee. F. (2001). "Productivity growth in ICT producing and ICT-using industries: a source of growth differentials in the OECD?", STI Working paper, OECD, 1-50.
Persson, H. (2004). The survival and growth of new establishments in Sweden, 1987-1995. Small Business Economics, 23(5), 423-440.
Qandah, R., Suifan, T. S., & Obeidat, B. Y. (2020). The impact of knowledge management capabilities on innovation in entrepreneurial companies in Jordan. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(4), 989-1014.
Rannikko, H. (2012). Early development of new technology-based firms. A Longitudinal Analysis on New Technology-Based Firms’ Development from Population Level and Firm Level Perspectives, Hanken School of Economics, 1-194.
Shosha, G. A. (2012). Employment of Colaizzi's strategy in descriptive phenomenology: A reflection of a researcher. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 8(27).
Sinkovics, R. R., Penz, E., & Ghauri, P. N. (2008). Enhancing the Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research in International Business. Management International Review, 48(6), 689-714 .
Strese, S., Adams, D. R., Flatten, T. C., & Brettel, M. (2016). Corporate culture and absorptive capacity: The moderating role of national culture dimensions on innovation management. International Business Review, 25(5), 1149-1168.
Singh, S. K., Mittal, S., Sengupta, A., & Pradhan, R. K. (2019). A dual-pathway model of knowledge exchange: linking human and psychosocial capital with prosocial knowledge effectiveness. Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(5), 889-914.
Speziale, H. S., Streubert, H. J., & Carpenter, D. R. (2011). Qualitative research in nursing: Advancing the humanistic imperative. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1-470.
Tayebi Abolhasani, A., Khodabakhshi, M. (2017). Factors Affecting the Persistence of Knowledge-Oriented Human Resource in Knowledge-Based Companies. Journal of Research in Human Resources Management, 9(2), 167-192.{In Persian}.
Thomas, E., & Magilvy, J. K. (2011). Qualitative rigor or research validity in qualitative research. Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing, 16(2), 151-155.
Varadarajan, R. (2020). Customer information resources advantage, marketing strategy and business performance: A market resources based view. Industrial Marketing Management, 89, 89-97.
Wilson, T. (2012). What can phenomenology offer the consumer?. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal. 15(3), 230-241.
Wu Chuan,Liang. Shyong Ong,Chorng. Wen Hsu,Yao. (2008). Knowledge-based organization evaluation. Decision Support Systems 45, 541–549.
Wierzbicka, W. (2018). Information infrastructure as a pillar of the knowledge-based economy—an analysis of regional differentiation in Poland. Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 13(1), 123-139.
Yaghoubi, N., Pahlavani, M., Parsaei, F. (2017). Identifying and Ranking Development Drivers of Knowledge-based Technology-Driven Companies (Case study: Fars Province Science and Technology Park). International Journal of Business and Development Studies, 9(2), 85-113
_||_Abdalla, W., Suresh, S., & Renukappa, S. (2020). Managing knowledge in the context of smart cities: An organizational cultural perspective, 16(4), 47-85.
Alassaf, D., Dabić, M., Shifrer, D., & Daim, T. (2020). The impact of open-border organization culture and employees’ knowledge, attitudes, and rewards with regards to open innovation: an empirical study. Journal of Knowledge Management, 24(9), 2273-2297.
Ali Hamadi, A., Ghazinoori, S. (2008). Prioritizing policy instruments for supporting new technology-based firms in Iran, using a fuzzy MCDM model. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 1(3), 73-79.{In Persian}.
Amini, E., Baniasadi, M., Vahidi, H., Nematollahi, H., Khatami, M., Amandadi, M., ... & Safarpour, H. (2020). Affecting Factors of Knowledge-Based Companies Using Fuzzy AHP Model, Case Study Tehran University Enterprise Park. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 11(2), 574-592.
Coad, A. , & Reid, A.J.F.R.f.S.E., Glasgow. (2012). The role of Technology and Technology-based Firms in Economic Development.
Carrizosa, M. T. (2007). Firm growth, persistence and multiplicity of equilibria: an analysis of Spanish manufacturing and service industries. Doctoral dissertation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 1-6.
Czarnitzki, D., Rammer, C., Toole, A A.(2014). University spin-offs and the performance premium, Small Business Economics, 43(2), 309- 326.
Chadam, J., & Pastuszak, Z. (2005). Marketing aspects of knowledge-based management in groups of companies: case of Poland. Industrial Management & Data Systems,105(4), 459-475.
Camisón-Haba, S., Clemente-Almendros, J. A., & Gonzalez-Cruz, T. (2019). How technology-based firms become also highly innovative firms? The role of knowledge, technological and managerial capabilities, and entrepreneurs’ background. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(3), 162-170.
Denisa Neagu C. (2008), Knowledge Based Organization. Springer. Doing Business, (2014). Comparing business regulations for domestic firms in 189 economies, Economy Profile: Iran, Islamic Rep.
Ebadi A, Farahanifard S, Adeli O.(2019). Knowledge-based economy central role in controlling unemployment. quarterly journal of fiscal and Economic policies. 7 (25) :129-150.{In Persian}.
Fallah Haghighi, N., Mirtorabi, M. S., Bijani, M., & Valizadeh, N. (2020). Appropriate strategies to establish knowledge-based companies: Evidence from Iran. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 26(4):6375-6389.
Fakhari, H., Salmani, D., & Daraei, M. (2013). The Impact Of Economic Sanctions On The Knowledge-Based Companies In Iran. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 5(3), 1-16.{In Persian}.
Ghazinoory, S., Mohammad Hashemi, Z., Sajadifar, M. (2020). Invetigating the Effect of Government Interventions on the Firms' Innovaative performance:A Case study of Knowledge- Based ICT Companies. Journal of Executive Management., 12(23), 95-124.{In Persian}.
Hassani, S., Rafiei, S., Bakhshiani, A. (2016). Investigating the Role of Research and Technology Organizations in National Innovation System; Case Study of Research Institute of Petroleum Industry. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 8(4), 63-76.{In Persian}.
Hasani, S., Sahebkar Khorasani, M. (2017). Preparing a List of Knowledge-Based Products Using Grounded Theory and Comparing Its Findings with the Concept of Dynamic Capabilities. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 9(2), 83-99.{In Persian}.
Jalalpour, S., Talebi, K., tabibi, S. (2016). Performance improvement of Iranian knowledge based firm: Identify effective factors in policies and executive programs . Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 9(2), 199-217.{In Persian}.
Khayatian Yazdi, M., Elyasi, M., Tabatabaeeian, H. (2016). The Model for Sustainability of Knowledge-based Firms in Iran. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 8(2), 49-62.{In Persian}.
Khayatian,Mohammadsadegh,tabatabaiyan,habibollah,elyasi,mahdi.(2019).Analysis of the factors influencing the growth and sustainability of Knowledge based firms in Iran.Journal of Innovation and Value Creation,6, 57-74 .{In Persian}.
Leon, R. -D. (2013). From the Sustainable Organization to Sustainable Knowledge-Based Organization. Economic Insights – Trends and Challenges, 2.
Löfsten, H. , & Lindelöf, P. (2001). Science parks in Sweden – industrial renewal and development? . 31(3), 309-322.
Li, L., Xie, J., Wang, R., Su, J., & Sindakis, S. (2019). The partner selection modes for knowledge-based innovation networks: A multiagent simulation. IEEE Access, 7, 140969-140979.
Mansuri, S., vazifeh, Z., yusefi tabas, H. (2017). prioritizing the effective factors in the development of knowledge-based companies of Kerman. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 10(2), 319-338.{In Persian}.
Martina, K., Hana, U., & Jiri, F. (2012). Identification of managerial competencies in knowledge-based organizations. Journal of competitiveness, 4(1), 129-142
McKelvie, A. , Brattström, A. , & Wennberg, K. J. S. B. E. (2017). How young firms achieve growth: reconciling the roles of growth motivation and innovative activities. 49(2), 273-293.
Mian, S. , Lamine, W. , & Fayolle, A. J. T. (2016). Technology Business Incubation: An overview of the state of knowledge. 50, 1-12.
Mowlaie S, shakeri R, yaghoubi N M.(2019). Personal Knowledge Management Influence on Innovative Culture and Performance in Knowledge Based Companies. IQBQ. 22 (4) :130-150.{In Persian}.
Naghizadeh, R., & Namdarian, L. (2019). The Suppotive Policies for New Technology-Based Firms (NTBF's). Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 11(2), 285-296.{In Persian}.
Nicolaescu, S. S., Florea, A., Kifor, C. V., Fiore, U., Cocan, N., Receu, I., & Zanetti, P. (2020). Human capital evaluation in knowledge-based organizations based on big data analytics. Future Generation Computer Systems, 111, 654-667.
Oakey RP.( 2003). Technical entrepreneurship in high technology small firms: Some observations on the implications for management"; Technovation, Vol. 23, pp. 679-688.
Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Leech, N. L. (2007). A call for qualitative power analyses. Quality & Quantity, 41(1), 105-121.
O’Shea, R. P., Chugh, H. & Allen, T. J. (2008). “Determinants and consequences of university spinoff activity: A conceptual framework”,The Journal of Technology Transfer, 33(6): 653-666.
Pilat, D. & Lee. F. (2001). "Productivity growth in ICT producing and ICT-using industries: a source of growth differentials in the OECD?", STI Working paper, OECD, 1-50.
Persson, H. (2004). The survival and growth of new establishments in Sweden, 1987-1995. Small Business Economics, 23(5), 423-440.
Qandah, R., Suifan, T. S., & Obeidat, B. Y. (2020). The impact of knowledge management capabilities on innovation in entrepreneurial companies in Jordan. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(4), 989-1014.
Rannikko, H. (2012). Early development of new technology-based firms. A Longitudinal Analysis on New Technology-Based Firms’ Development from Population Level and Firm Level Perspectives, Hanken School of Economics, 1-194.
Shosha, G. A. (2012). Employment of Colaizzi's strategy in descriptive phenomenology: A reflection of a researcher. European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 8(27).
Sinkovics, R. R., Penz, E., & Ghauri, P. N. (2008). Enhancing the Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research in International Business. Management International Review, 48(6), 689-714 .
Strese, S., Adams, D. R., Flatten, T. C., & Brettel, M. (2016). Corporate culture and absorptive capacity: The moderating role of national culture dimensions on innovation management. International Business Review, 25(5), 1149-1168.
Singh, S. K., Mittal, S., Sengupta, A., & Pradhan, R. K. (2019). A dual-pathway model of knowledge exchange: linking human and psychosocial capital with prosocial knowledge effectiveness. Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(5), 889-914.
Speziale, H. S., Streubert, H. J., & Carpenter, D. R. (2011). Qualitative research in nursing: Advancing the humanistic imperative. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1-470.
Tayebi Abolhasani, A., Khodabakhshi, M. (2017). Factors Affecting the Persistence of Knowledge-Oriented Human Resource in Knowledge-Based Companies. Journal of Research in Human Resources Management, 9(2), 167-192.{In Persian}.
Thomas, E., & Magilvy, J. K. (2011). Qualitative rigor or research validity in qualitative research. Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing, 16(2), 151-155.
Varadarajan, R. (2020). Customer information resources advantage, marketing strategy and business performance: A market resources based view. Industrial Marketing Management, 89, 89-97.
Wilson, T. (2012). What can phenomenology offer the consumer?. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal. 15(3), 230-241.
Wu Chuan,Liang. Shyong Ong,Chorng. Wen Hsu,Yao. (2008). Knowledge-based organization evaluation. Decision Support Systems 45, 541–549.
Wierzbicka, W. (2018). Information infrastructure as a pillar of the knowledge-based economy—an analysis of regional differentiation in Poland. Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 13(1), 123-139.
Yaghoubi, N., Pahlavani, M., Parsaei, F. (2017). Identifying and Ranking Development Drivers of Knowledge-based Technology-Driven Companies (Case study: Fars Province Science and Technology Park). International Journal of Business and Development Studies, 9(2), 85-113
