مبانی فقهی - حقوقی امکان طرح دعوای پیشگیرانه با شروع به خسارت در حقوق ایران با تاکید بر رویه قضایی فرانسه
محورهای موضوعی : فقه و حقوق جزا و جرم شناسیحسین علی میرزاجانی رودپشتی 1 , مهدی فلاح خاریکی 2 , سید حسن حسینی مقدم 3
1 - دانشجو دکتری حقوق خصوصی ، واحد آیت اله آملی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی، ,واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ؛آمل؛ ایران.
3 - استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی ، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
کلید واژه: قواعد فقهی, دعوای پیشگیرانه, شروع به خسارت, ضرر ونفع,
چکیده مقاله :
مقارن با طرح دعوی و برابر قواعد عمومی مسئولیت مدنی ، خواهان باید اثبات نماید که دارای نفعی منجز می باشد . بنابراین اگر موضوع دعوی ، جبران خساراتی است که در اثر اقدام خوانده به خواهان وارد شده است ، این خسارات باید در زمان اقامه دعوی به خواهان وارد شده باشد . مقاله حاضر با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی و با رویکرد مقایسه ای در صدد واکاوی و پاسخگویی به این پرسش است که آیا با قوانین و مقررات موضوعه ایران وبا استفاده از قواعد فقهی و از طریق کارگرد بازدارندگی مسئولیت مدنی " با تاکید بر رویه قضایی فرانسه " می توان اشخاص را مکلف به احتیاط و پیش بینی ضرر نمود تا جایی که عدم پایبندی به این اصول و قواعد ، مواجه شدن با دعوی جبران خسارت حتی قبل از فعلیت یافتن در قالب دعوی شروع به خسارت باشد ؟ یافته های این پژوهش نوین حکایت از آن دارد که مسئولیت مدنی با بهره گیری از قواعد فقهی وحقوقی وهمچنین "رویکرد مثبت رویه قضایی فرانسه " قادرخواهد بود تا با ادعای نقض قاعده حقوقی و پیش از ورود زیان دخالت نموده ونهاد شروع به خسارت را در مقابل اصل خسارت شناسایی و از این طریق موجبات قانونی طرح دعوی را فراهم نماید.
Since the consideration of any civil liability requires the existence of a present loss and on the other hand it cannot be passively sought to compensate for damages upon entry. Therefore, the principle of preventive litigation to avoid damaging or reducing it, and the imposition of costs. This article seeks to answer the question of whether the laws and regulations of Iran subject to the use of jurisprudential rules and through the deterrent of civil liability "with emphasis on the French judicial system" can oblige individuals to exercise caution and prudence to some extent. That failure to adhere to these principles and rules would result in "even before the actual loss" claim for damages commenced? The findings of this study suggest that civil liability using legal and jurisprudential rules as well as the "positive approach of French judicial procedure" will be able to interfere with the allegation of violations of law and before the loss enters into force against the principal. Identification damages and thereby provide a legal basis for a lawsuit.
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