اثرات باکتریهای محرک رشد و سطوح آبیاری بر صفات فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد کتان روغنی (Linum usitatissimum L.)

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

ساناز رجبی‌خمسه ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری زراعت گرایش فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.)
عبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی ² (استادیار، گروه مهندسی زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد)
محمد رفیعی‌الحسینی ³ (استادیار گروه مهندسی زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.)
کرامت‌الله سعیدی ⁴ (استادیار گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.)
مهدی قبادی‌نیا ⁵ (استادیار گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/05/06 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/11/04 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/04/01

کلید واژه: پرایمینگ, فتوسنتز, PGPR, آزوسپیریلیوم, سودوموناس,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی تاثیر باکتری‌های محرک رشد و سطوح مختلف آبیاری بر صفات فیزیولوژیک و عملکرد کتان روغنی، آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های خرد ‌شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال زراعی 1394 اجرا شد. فاکتور اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری (100 درصد آبیاری کامل، به عنوان شاهد، 75 و 50 درصد آبیاری کامل) و فاکتور فرعی در هفت سطح کاربرد باکتری‌محرک رشد گیاه (عدم تلقیح باکتریایی، به عنوان شاهد و تلقیح بذر با باکتری‌های Bacillus SP. strain1، Bacillus SP. strain2، Bacillus amyloliquefaciens، Azotobacter chroococcum، Pseudomonas putida و Azospirillium lipoferum) بودند. اثرات متقابل آبیاری و تلقیح باکتریایی، بر محتوای آب نسبی برگ، پایداری غشای سلولی، محتوای کلروفیل‌های a، b، کاروتنوئید و نسبت کلروفیل‌های a/b، کارایی مصرف آب، تعداد کپسول در بوته، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه معنی‌دار ولی بر تعداد دانه در کپسول غیرمعنی‌دار برآورد شدند. بیشترین مقادیر در صفات مورد بررسی در هر سطح آبیاری متعلق به تیمارهای باکتریایی بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار باسیلوس سویه 1 در 100 درصد آبیاری کامل با افزایش 62 درصدی نسبت به تیمار شاهد حاصل شد. در بررسی اثر اصلی آبیاری بر تعداد دانه در کپسول، تیمار آبیاری کامل با تفاوت معنی‌دار نسبت به سایر سطوح از بیشترین تعداد دانه در کپسول برخوردار بود، تیمار باسیلوس آمیلولیکوفسینس در میان تیمارهای باکتریایی، بیشترین تعداد دانه در کپسول را نشان داد به گونه‌ای که افزایش معنی‌داری نسبت به تیمار عدم تلقیح داشت. تیمارهای باسیلوس سویه 1، باسیلوس آمیلولیکوفسینس و ازتوباکتر نسبت به سایر تیمارهای باکتریایی از تاثیر بیشتری بر افزایش صفات مورد بررسی تحت شرایط نرمال و تنش برخوردار بودند. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، استفاده از باکتری‌های محرک رشد می‌توانند موجب افزایش تولید در گیاه کتان روغنی تحت شرایط کمبود آب شوند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To evaluate the effects of plant growth promoting bacteria and irrigation levels on some physiological traits and yield of flax, a split-plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Agricultural Faculty of Shahrekord University in 2015. The main factor was three irrigation levels (100 % of full irrigation as control, 75 and 50 % of full irrigation) and the sub-factor was seven levels of plant growth promoting bacteria (no inoculation as control and inoculation with Bacillus SP. strain1, Bacillus SP. strain2, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Azotobacter Chroococcum, Pseudomonas putida and Azospirillium lipoferum). The interaction effect of irrigation and bacterial inoculation on relative water content, cell membrane stability, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid content, chlorophyll a/b ratio, water use efficiency, number of capsules per plant, 1000 grain weight and seed yield were significant but non significant on seed number per capsule. The highest amounts of measured traits in each irrigation level were related to the bacterial treatments. The highest seed yield (with 62% increase) was obtained from Bacillus sp. strain1 in treatment and 100% of full irrigation as compared to that of control. According to the results of main effect of irrigation on number of seeds per capsule, full irrigation treatment resulted in highest number of grain per capsule as compared to the other levels. Among bacterial treatments, B. Amyloliquefaciens had the highest significant number of seeds per capsule, as compared with no inoculation treatment. The effects of treatments of Bacillus SP. strain1, B. amyloliquefaciens and A. Chroococcum treatments were more pronounced as compared to other bacterial treatments traits studied under normal and stress conditions. According to the results of this research, flax seed treatment with plant growth promoting bacteria is recommended flax seed production under water deficit conditions.

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