اثر رژیم‌های قطع آبیاری بر ارقام سیب‌زمینی (.Solanum tuberosum L) در شرایط اقلیمی اردبیل
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
آتوسا شفارودی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
مهناز شریفی
2
(دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران)
عبدالقیوم قلی‌پوری
3
(دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
برومند صلاحی
4
(استاد گروه جغرافیا و اقلیم شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
محمدباقر عالی‌زاده
5
(دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، سمنان، ایران)
کلید واژه: تنش کم آبی, قطع آبیاری, عملکرد غده قابل فروش, کارآیی مصرف آب,
چکیده مقاله :
انتخاب رقم های متحمل به تنش آبی، در مناطقی با کمبود بارندگی از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار است. در این راستا، آزمایشی به صورت کرت های خرد شده با سه تکرار، 5 رقم سیب زمینی و سه رژیم آبیاری در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در دو سال 95-1394 در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی اردبیل اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل سه رژیم آبیاری: آبیاری کامل (با تأمین 100 درصد نیاز آبی) به عنوان شاهد و قطع آبیاری 15 و 30 روزه که در کرت های اصلی و پنج رقم سیب زمینی شامل: ارقام آگریا، کایزر و ساوالان و کلون های 1-397081 و 10-397082 که در کرت های فرعی قرار داده شدند. در این آزمایش رقم ساوالان و کلون های 10-397082 و 1-397081 از لحاظ عملکرد غده، ماده خشک غده، کارآیی مصرف آب و عملکرد غده قابل فروش بالا در مقایسه با کایزر و آگریا از برتری نسبی برخوردار بودند. همچنین، در هر دو سال آزمایش، روند تغییرات این ارقام برای صفات مورد مطالعه، در تیمار 15 روز قطع آبیاری، مشابه بود و با تیمار شاهد تفاوت معنی داری نداشت. در نتیجه می توان از روش 15 روز قطع آبیاری که سبب صرفه جویی در مقدار آب مصرفی می گردد، برای منطقه اردبیل استفاده کرد. یافته ها می تواند در مورد چگونگی استفاده صحیح از کم آبیاری برای تعادل بین عملکرد سیب زمینی، حفظ آب و کیفیت محصول مفید باشد.
Selection of tolerant cultivars to water stress in areas with reduced rainfall is important. A split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the Ardabil Agricultural Research Center during 2015-2016. The experiment factors consisted of three irrigation regimes: full irrigation (with 100% water requirement) considered as control and 15 and 30 days irrigation intervals assigned to main plots and five potato cultivars consisted of: 397081-1 and 397082-10 Clones and Agria, Caesar and Savalan cultivars assigned to sub plots. In this experiment, clones 397082-10 and 397081-1 and Savalan cultivar had relative superiority in terms of tuber yield, tuber dry matter, water use efficiency and high marketable tuber yield compared to Caesar and Agria. Also, in both years of experiment, the trend of variation of these cultivars for the studied traits were similar under deficit irrigation interval of 15-days. The results were not significantly different against control treatment. As a result, 15-days interval irrigation can be used to save water in the Ardabil area.
· Ahmadi, K., H. Gholizadeh, H. Ebadzadeh, F. Hatami F. Fazli, M. Hosseinpur, A. Kazemian, and M. Rafiei. 2016. Agricultural Statistics of 2014-2015 Volume I: Crop Production. Tehran, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Deputy Director of Planning and Economics, Center for Information and Communication Technology, 74 p. (In Persian).
· Ahmadi, S.H., M. Agharezaee, A.A. Kamgar-Haghighi, and A.R. Sepaskhah. 2016. Water-saving irrigation strategies affect tuber water relations and nitrogen content of potatoes. International Journal of Plant Production. 10 (3): 275- 288.
· Anonymus. 2018. FAO, FAOSTAT database for agriculture. Available online at, http://faostat3.fao.org/ faostat gateway/go/to/download/Q/QC/E.
· Ansari, M.A., A. Egdernezhad, and N.A. Ebrahimipak. 2019.Simulating of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield under different irrigation conditions using AquaCrop and Cropsyst models. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 13 (50): 287-304. (In Persian).
· Bagheri, H.R., M.H. Gharineh, A. Bakhshandeh, J. Taei, A. Mehnatkesh, and B. Andarzian. 2016.Effects of water deficit and different nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences. 9 (1): 1-14. (In Persian).
· Elzner, P., M.A. Juzl, and P. Kasal. 2018. Effect of different drip irrigation regimes on tuber and starch yield of potatoes. Plant Soil Environment. 64 (11): 546- 550.
· Feng, Z., Sh. Wan, Y. Kang, and Sh. Liu. 2017. Drip fertigation regime for potato on sandy soil. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 29 (6): 476- 484.
· Ghazouani, H., A. Mguidich Belhaj, B. Latrch, B., A. Cherni, B. Douh Mhamdi, I. Ghazouani, and B. Abdelhamid. 2019. Effect of deficit irrigation on vegetative growth and yield of potato crop under the semi arid condition of Tunisia. Acta Scientific Agriculture. 3 (8): 164-168.
· Gultekin, R., and A. Ertek. 2018. Effects of deficit irrigation on the potato tuber development and quality. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences. 2 (3): 93-98.
· Haghighati, B., S. Bromand Nasab, and A. Naseri. 2016.Effect of irrigation water amount bon yield, some qualitative characteristics and water productivity of two potato cultivars. Crop Physiology Journal. 28 (3): 45-60. (In Persian).
· Han, H., Y. Ren, Ch. Gao, Zh. Yan, and Q. Li. 2017. Response of winter wheat grain yield and water use efficiency to deficit irrigation in the North China Plain. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 29 (12): 971-977.
· Hassanppanah, D., A. Mousapour Gorji, M. Kahbazi, H. Kabalaei Khiavi, and R. Mohammadi. 2016.Adaptability evaluation of 104 potato hybrids in Ardabil and Alborz Provinces. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 10 (37): 121-138. (In Persian).
· Ierna, A., and G. Mauromicale. 2018. Potato growth, yield and water productivity response to different irrigation and fertilization regimes. Agricultural Water Management. 201: 21-26.
· Jolaini, M., and M. Karimi. 2016.The effect of different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and water use efficiency of potato in subsurface drip irrigation. Journal of Water and Soil. 31 (1): 51-60. (In Persian).
· Kalaydjieva, R., A. Matev, and Z. Zlatev. 2015.Influence of irrigation regime on the leaf area and leaf area index of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 27 (2): 171-177.
· Kassu, T., H. Tilahun, D. Yared, and H. Watanabe. 2017. Effect of irrigation regimes on yield and water use efficiencies of potato. International Journal Plant Production. 11(3): 389- 405.
· Koech, O.K., R.N. Kinuthia, G.N. Karuku, S.M. Mureithi, and R. Wanjogu. 2015. Water use efficiency of six rangeland grasses under varied soil moisture content levels in the arid Tana River County, Kenya. African Journal Environmental Science and Technology 9 (7): 632-640.
· Liu, H., F. Song, Sh. Liu, F. Liu, and X. Zhu. 2018. Physiological response of maize and soybean to partial root-zone drying irrigation under N fertilization levels. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 30 (5): 364-371.
· Mani, F., and C. Hannachi, 2015. Physiological traits of drought tolerance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology. 4 (1): 0131-0150.
· Motazedi, S., S. Seifzadeh, R. HagParast, H.R. Zakerin, H. Jabbari, and J. daneshian. 2019.Assesment of relationships between seed yield and some morphophysiological traits of bread wheat genotypes under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 13 (49): 1-24. (In Persian).
· Nasiri, M., D. Zarehaghi, and M.R. Neyshabouri. 2019. The effect of different levels of pumice mulch and deficit irrigation on the some physiological traits and seed yield of corn (Zea mays L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 13 (50): 217-230. (In Persian).
· Nasrollahzadeh Asl, A., and Gh. Sedaghat. 2017. Effects of planting depth and irrigation disruption on yield and yield components in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Crop Science Research in Arid Regions. 1(1): 109-119. (In Persian).
· Nouri, A., A. Nezami, M. Kafi, and D. Hassanpanah. 2016 a. Evaluation of water deficit tolerance of 10 potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) based on some physiological traits and tuber yield in Ardabil region. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 10 (37): 243-268. (In Persian).
· Nouri, A., A. Nezami, M. Kafi, and D. Hassanpanah. 2016 b. Growth and yield response of potato genotypes to deficit irrigation. International Journal of Plant Production 10 (2): 139- 158.
· Onder, D., S. Onder, M. Emin Caliskan, and S. Caliskan, 2015. Influence of different irrigation methods and irrigation levels on water use efficiency, yield, and yield attributes of sweet potatoes. Fresenius Environmental bulletin. 24(10): 3397- 3403.
· Parvizi, Kh., and A. Ghadami-Firooz Abadi. 2015. The effect of water deficit imposing methods on quantitative and qualitative traits of new potato cultivar. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 13 (3): 637-650.
· Qin, J., D.A. Ramirez, K. Xie, W. Li, W. Yactayo, L. Jin, and R. Quiroz. 2018. Is partial root- zone drying more appropriate than drip irrigation to save water in China? A preliminary comparative analysis for potato cultivation. Potato Research 61: 1-16.
· Raesi Asad Abadi, M., R. Nouri Emamzadei, and R. Fatahi. 2017. Improving irrigation schedule of potato in order to improve water use efficiency index. Irrigation Sciences and Engineering. 40 (2): 199-207.
· Rahi, A., H. Najafi, G.A. Ranjbar, and M. Ghajarsepanloo. 2018. The role of physiological and biochemical traits in improving the performance of soybean genotypes under water deficit tension. Crop Physiology Journal. 10 (39): 79-92. (In Persian).
· Samaee, M., S.A.M. Modarres- Sanavy, A. Mousapour, and E. Zand. 2017. The study of potato genotypes (Solanum tubersum L.) tolerance to water deficit stress. Journal of Agricultural Science. 47 (4): 527-540. (In Persian).
· Shi, Sh., M. Fan, K. Iwama, F. Li, Z. Zhang, and L. Jia, 2015. Physiological basis of drought tolerance in potato grown under long-term water deficiency. International Journal of Plant Production. 9: 305-320.
· Silva, E. F., S. O. Jadoski, and L. Martinkoski. 2019. Water depletion depth for irrigation of potato cultivar Agata. Engenharia Agricola Jaboticabal. 39 (4): 434-443.
· Siosemardeh, A. 2017. The efficacy of regulated deficit and partial root zone drying irrigation strategies on yield and water use efficiency of potato. Agicultural Communications. 5 (3): 1-6.
Zin El- Abedin, T. K., M. A. Matar, H. M. Al- Ghobari, and A. A. Alazba. 2019. Water-saving irrigation strategies in potato fields: Effects on physiological characteristics and water use in arid region. Journal Agronomy. 9 (172): 2-16.
_||_· Ahmadi, K., H. Gholizadeh, H. Ebadzadeh, F. Hatami F. Fazli, M. Hosseinpur, A. Kazemian, and M. Rafiei. 2016. Agricultural Statistics of 2014-2015 Volume I: Crop Production. Tehran, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Deputy Director of Planning and Economics, Center for Information and Communication Technology, 74 p. (In Persian).
· Ahmadi, S.H., M. Agharezaee, A.A. Kamgar-Haghighi, and A.R. Sepaskhah. 2016. Water-saving irrigation strategies affect tuber water relations and nitrogen content of potatoes. International Journal of Plant Production. 10 (3): 275- 288.
· Anonymus. 2018. FAO, FAOSTAT database for agriculture. Available online at, http://faostat3.fao.org/ faostat gateway/go/to/download/Q/QC/E.
· Ansari, M.A., A. Egdernezhad, and N.A. Ebrahimipak. 2019.Simulating of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield under different irrigation conditions using AquaCrop and Cropsyst models. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 13 (50): 287-304. (In Persian).
· Bagheri, H.R., M.H. Gharineh, A. Bakhshandeh, J. Taei, A. Mehnatkesh, and B. Andarzian. 2016.Effects of water deficit and different nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences. 9 (1): 1-14. (In Persian).
· Elzner, P., M.A. Juzl, and P. Kasal. 2018. Effect of different drip irrigation regimes on tuber and starch yield of potatoes. Plant Soil Environment. 64 (11): 546- 550.
· Feng, Z., Sh. Wan, Y. Kang, and Sh. Liu. 2017. Drip fertigation regime for potato on sandy soil. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 29 (6): 476- 484.
· Ghazouani, H., A. Mguidich Belhaj, B. Latrch, B., A. Cherni, B. Douh Mhamdi, I. Ghazouani, and B. Abdelhamid. 2019. Effect of deficit irrigation on vegetative growth and yield of potato crop under the semi arid condition of Tunisia. Acta Scientific Agriculture. 3 (8): 164-168.
· Gultekin, R., and A. Ertek. 2018. Effects of deficit irrigation on the potato tuber development and quality. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences. 2 (3): 93-98.
· Haghighati, B., S. Bromand Nasab, and A. Naseri. 2016.Effect of irrigation water amount bon yield, some qualitative characteristics and water productivity of two potato cultivars. Crop Physiology Journal. 28 (3): 45-60. (In Persian).
· Han, H., Y. Ren, Ch. Gao, Zh. Yan, and Q. Li. 2017. Response of winter wheat grain yield and water use efficiency to deficit irrigation in the North China Plain. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 29 (12): 971-977.
· Hassanppanah, D., A. Mousapour Gorji, M. Kahbazi, H. Kabalaei Khiavi, and R. Mohammadi. 2016.Adaptability evaluation of 104 potato hybrids in Ardabil and Alborz Provinces. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 10 (37): 121-138. (In Persian).
· Ierna, A., and G. Mauromicale. 2018. Potato growth, yield and water productivity response to different irrigation and fertilization regimes. Agricultural Water Management. 201: 21-26.
· Jolaini, M., and M. Karimi. 2016.The effect of different levels of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and water use efficiency of potato in subsurface drip irrigation. Journal of Water and Soil. 31 (1): 51-60. (In Persian).
· Kalaydjieva, R., A. Matev, and Z. Zlatev. 2015.Influence of irrigation regime on the leaf area and leaf area index of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 27 (2): 171-177.
· Kassu, T., H. Tilahun, D. Yared, and H. Watanabe. 2017. Effect of irrigation regimes on yield and water use efficiencies of potato. International Journal Plant Production. 11(3): 389- 405.
· Koech, O.K., R.N. Kinuthia, G.N. Karuku, S.M. Mureithi, and R. Wanjogu. 2015. Water use efficiency of six rangeland grasses under varied soil moisture content levels in the arid Tana River County, Kenya. African Journal Environmental Science and Technology 9 (7): 632-640.
· Liu, H., F. Song, Sh. Liu, F. Liu, and X. Zhu. 2018. Physiological response of maize and soybean to partial root-zone drying irrigation under N fertilization levels. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 30 (5): 364-371.
· Mani, F., and C. Hannachi, 2015. Physiological traits of drought tolerance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology. 4 (1): 0131-0150.
· Motazedi, S., S. Seifzadeh, R. HagParast, H.R. Zakerin, H. Jabbari, and J. daneshian. 2019.Assesment of relationships between seed yield and some morphophysiological traits of bread wheat genotypes under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 13 (49): 1-24. (In Persian).
· Nasiri, M., D. Zarehaghi, and M.R. Neyshabouri. 2019. The effect of different levels of pumice mulch and deficit irrigation on the some physiological traits and seed yield of corn (Zea mays L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 13 (50): 217-230. (In Persian).
· Nasrollahzadeh Asl, A., and Gh. Sedaghat. 2017. Effects of planting depth and irrigation disruption on yield and yield components in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Journal of Crop Science Research in Arid Regions. 1(1): 109-119. (In Persian).
· Nouri, A., A. Nezami, M. Kafi, and D. Hassanpanah. 2016 a. Evaluation of water deficit tolerance of 10 potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) based on some physiological traits and tuber yield in Ardabil region. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 10 (37): 243-268. (In Persian).
· Nouri, A., A. Nezami, M. Kafi, and D. Hassanpanah. 2016 b. Growth and yield response of potato genotypes to deficit irrigation. International Journal of Plant Production 10 (2): 139- 158.
· Onder, D., S. Onder, M. Emin Caliskan, and S. Caliskan, 2015. Influence of different irrigation methods and irrigation levels on water use efficiency, yield, and yield attributes of sweet potatoes. Fresenius Environmental bulletin. 24(10): 3397- 3403.
· Parvizi, Kh., and A. Ghadami-Firooz Abadi. 2015. The effect of water deficit imposing methods on quantitative and qualitative traits of new potato cultivar. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 13 (3): 637-650.
· Qin, J., D.A. Ramirez, K. Xie, W. Li, W. Yactayo, L. Jin, and R. Quiroz. 2018. Is partial root- zone drying more appropriate than drip irrigation to save water in China? A preliminary comparative analysis for potato cultivation. Potato Research 61: 1-16.
· Raesi Asad Abadi, M., R. Nouri Emamzadei, and R. Fatahi. 2017. Improving irrigation schedule of potato in order to improve water use efficiency index. Irrigation Sciences and Engineering. 40 (2): 199-207.
· Rahi, A., H. Najafi, G.A. Ranjbar, and M. Ghajarsepanloo. 2018. The role of physiological and biochemical traits in improving the performance of soybean genotypes under water deficit tension. Crop Physiology Journal. 10 (39): 79-92. (In Persian).
· Samaee, M., S.A.M. Modarres- Sanavy, A. Mousapour, and E. Zand. 2017. The study of potato genotypes (Solanum tubersum L.) tolerance to water deficit stress. Journal of Agricultural Science. 47 (4): 527-540. (In Persian).
· Shi, Sh., M. Fan, K. Iwama, F. Li, Z. Zhang, and L. Jia, 2015. Physiological basis of drought tolerance in potato grown under long-term water deficiency. International Journal of Plant Production. 9: 305-320.
· Silva, E. F., S. O. Jadoski, and L. Martinkoski. 2019. Water depletion depth for irrigation of potato cultivar Agata. Engenharia Agricola Jaboticabal. 39 (4): 434-443.
· Siosemardeh, A. 2017. The efficacy of regulated deficit and partial root zone drying irrigation strategies on yield and water use efficiency of potato. Agicultural Communications. 5 (3): 1-6.
Zin El- Abedin, T. K., M. A. Matar, H. M. Al- Ghobari, and A. A. Alazba. 2019. Water-saving irrigation strategies in potato fields: Effects on physiological characteristics and water use in arid region. Journal Agronomy. 9 (172): 2-16.
