مقایسه اثربخشی درمان گروهی فعال‌سازی رفتاری، شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی و درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر افسردگی و کیفیت زندگی افراد مبتلا به سرطان

محسن دربندی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری ، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران)
ناصر امینی ² (دانشیار ، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران. ( نویسنده مسئول )[e-mail])
شهدخت آزادی ³ (استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی واحد گچساران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گچساران، ایران)
کامران میرزایی ⁴ (دانشیار گروه پزشکی اجتماعی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران. گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران)

تاریخ ارسال : 1402/04/12 تاریخ تایید : 1402/09/05

کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, افسردگی, سرطان, ذهن‌آگاهی, پذیرش و تعهد, فعال‌سازی رفتاری, شناخت‌درمانی,

چکیده مقاله :

این پژوهش از حیث هدف از نوع کاربردی و از حیث روش یک مطالعه مقطعی از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون- پیگیری بود. جامعه‌ی آماری شامل کلیه‌ی افراد مبتلا به سرطان شهر بوشهر در آبان 1399 تا فروردین 1400 بود. از این جامعه 40 نفر به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در چهار گروه 10 نفری (سه گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل)، گمارده شدند. پرسشنامه‌های کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی(1996) و افسردگی بک(1998) به عنوان پیش‌آزمون بر روی کلیه‌ی شرکت‌کنندگان اجرا گردید. سپس افراد گروه آزمایش اول درمان گروهی فعال‌سازی رفتاری، گروه آزمایش دوم درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و گروه آزمایش سوم نیز شناخت‌درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی را در ده جلسه‌ی 90 دقیقه‌ای دریافت کردند. اما افراد گروه کنترل، مداخله‌ی دریافت نکردند. به دلیل شرایط کرونایی مداخلات درمانی، به صورت ویدیوکال برگزار گردید. در نهایت پرسشنامه‌های مذکور به عنوان پس آزمون بر رو کلیه‌ی شرکت‌کنندگان اجرا شد. به منظور پیگیری اثربخشی، پس از یک ماه، کلیه‌ی شرکت‌کنندگان مجدداً به پرسشنامه‌ها پاسخ دادند. یافته‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر و آزمون‌های تعقیبی توکی و بونفرونی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج، میانگین نمرات پس‌آزمون بیماران هر سه گروه آزمایش در متغیر‌های افسردگی و کیفیت‌زندگی به ترتیب کاهش و افزایش معناداری نسبت به گروه کنترل داشت(05/0P<). این تفاوت‌ها در مرحله‌ی پیگیری نیز معنادار بود(05/0P<). با این حال تفاوت میزان اثربخشی سه درمان مذکور بر کاهش افسردگی و افزایش کیفیت زندگی، در سطح معناداری نبود(05/0P>).

چکیده انگلیسی :

This research was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method it was a semi-experimental cross-sectional study with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design. The statistical population included all cancer patients in Bushehr city from November 2019 to April 2014. From this population, 40 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to four groups of 10 people (three experimental groups and one control group). World Health Organization quality of life questionnaires (1996) and Beck depression questionnaires (1998) were administered to all participants as a pre-test. Then the people of the first experimental group received behavioral activation group therapy, the second experimental group received therapy based on acceptance and commitment, and the third experimental group also received cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in ten 90-minute sessions. But people in the control group did not receive intervention. Due to the corona situation, therapeutic interventions were held in the form of video calls. Finally, the aforementioned questionnaires were administered to all participants as a post-test. In order to follow up the effectiveness, after one month, all the participants answered the questionnaires again. The findings were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measurements and Tukey and Bonferroni post hoc tests. Based on the results, the mean post-test scores of the patients of all three test groups in the variables of depression and quality of life had a significant decrease and increase, respectively, compared to the control group (P<0.05). These differences were also significant in the follow-up phase (P<0.05). However, the difference in the effectiveness of the three mentioned treatments on reducing depression and increasing quality of life was not significant (P>0.05).

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