اثربخشی آموزش پرما سلیگمن بر بهزیستی ذهنی، کیفیت و جهت‌گیری زندگی تک‌والد مادر

محورهای موضوعی : زن و خانواده

آیدا جلائی ¹ ( دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد ، گروه روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده پزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران )
پیمان یوسف زاده ² ( استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول) [e-mail] )
بیتا بهرامی ³ ( استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده پزشکی، واحد علوم پزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران )

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/09/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/12/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/09/01

کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی, بهزیستی ذهنی, مدل پرما سلیگمن, جهت‌گیری زندگی, تک‌والد مادر,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی آموزش مدل پرما سلیگمن بر بهزیستی ذهنی، کیفیت و جهت‌گیری زندگی تک‌والد مادر بود. روش تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی و به لحاظ روش گردآوری نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه آزمایش و کنترل بود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل تمامی زنان سرپرست خانوار (تک‌والد مادر که به دلیل طلاق، سرپرستی خانواده را بر عهده دارد) مراکز مشاوره منطقه 5 شهر تهران در سال 1399 بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل 36 تک‌والد مادر بود که به شیوه در دسترس گزینش شد و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش (18 نفر) و کنترل (18 نفر) همتا شد. ابزار پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه‌های بهزیستی ذهنی (کییز و ماگیارمو، 2003)، فرم کوتاه کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی (1994) و جهت‌گیری زندگی (شییر و کارور، 1994) بود. آزمودنی‌های گروه آزمایش طی 10‌ جلسه 90‌ دقیقه‌ای تحت برنامه آموزش مدل پرما قرار گرفتند ولی گروه کنترل هیچ آموزشی دریافت نکردند. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون کوواریانس و نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام گرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که آموزش مدل پرما بر بهزیستی ذهنی، کیفیت زندگی و جهت‌گیری زندگی تک‌والد مادر تأثیر دارد. بنابراین می‌توان استنباط کرد که آموزش مدل پرما، بهزیستی ذهنی تک‌والد مادر را افزایش داده، کیفیت زندگی و جهت‌گیری زندگی آنان را بهبود بخشیده است. ازاین‌رو با توجه به نتایج فوق می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که تمرینات پرما با تأکید و تمرکز بر پنج مؤلفه هیجانات مثبت، مجذوبیت، معنا، روابط مثبت و دستاورد بر مؤلفه‌های مزبور مؤثر واقع گردیده است..

چکیده انگلیسی:

The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of training PERMA Model of Seligman on subjective well-being, quality and orientation of life in single mothers. The research methodology was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental in terms of data collection, employing pretest-posttest design with control and experimental groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female heads of household (a single mother who is in charge of the family following a divorce) in district 5 of the city of Tehran in the year 2020-2021. The sample consisted of 36 single mothers who were selected through convenience sampling and were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (n=18) and control (n=18). The research instruments included the Subjective Wellbeing Scale (Kiz & Magiarmo, 2003), World Health Organization Quality of Life- BREF Questionnaire (1994), and Life Orientation Test-Revised (Shearer and Carver, 1994). The subjects in the experimental group underwent the PERMA Model training program for 10 sessions of 90 minutes while the control group did not receive any training. Data analysis was performed using covariance test and SPSS software. The results of the study showed that PERMA Model training is effective on subjective well-being, quality of life and orientation of life in single mothers (P<0/01). Therefore, it can be inferred that the PERMA Model training enhances single mother’s subjective well-being (F=4,89, P<0/01), improves their quality of life (F=4,56, P<0/01) and life orientation (F=6,36, P<0/01). Therefore, according to the Above mentioned results results, it can be concluded that Perma exercises have been effective on these components by emphasizing and focusing on the five components of positive emotions, engagement, meaning, positive relationships and accomplishment. Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript.

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