رابطة ساده و چندگانة قدرت تحمل ابهام و جوّ عاطفی خانواده با خلاقیت شناختی

محورهای موضوعی : خلاقیت و نوآوری از جنبه‏های روان‏شناختی، علوم شناختی، علوم تربیتی و آموزشی (خلاقیت شناسی روان‏شناختی، خلاقیت شناسی پرورشی)

معصومه رحیمی ¹ (گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، استاد مدعو دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی و احد آبدانان ، آبدانان، ایران ( نویسنده مسئول)[e-mail])
سید سعید واعظ‌فر ² (دانشگاه سمنان ، دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، سمنان، ایران)
حمداله جایروند ³ (دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز،گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، اهواز ، ایران [e-mail])

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/12/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1394/12/01 تاریخ انتشار : 1394/08/01

کلید واژه: خلاقیت‌شناختی, قدرت تحمل ابهام, جو عاطفی خانواده,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه: خلاقیت را توانایی انسان در تفکر، استنباط، حل مسئله و توسعة فرایندهای فکری تعریف کرده‌اند. از جمله سازه‌هایی که بر خلاقیت دانشجویان تأثیر معناداری دارد قدرت تحمل ابهام و جوّ عاطفی خانواده است. هدف: این مقاله درصدد است تا رابطة بین قدرت تحمل ابهام و جو عاطفی خانواده دانشجویان را با خلاقیت آنان بررسی کند. روش: طرح آن از نوع توصیفی است که با هدفی کاربردی و به روش همبستگی انجام شده است. برای اندازه‌گیری متغیرها از پرسشنامه‌های عابدی (1363) و نودرگاه فرد (1373) و لین (1993) استفاده شد. جامعة تحقیق را کلیه دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد آبدانان تشکیل دادند که از میان آنان تعداد 304 دانشجو به روش خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند؛ داده‌های به‌دست‌آمده با روش‌های همبستگی و رگرسیون تحلیل شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که رابطة قدرت تحمل ابهام و جو عاطفی خانواده با خلاقیت شناختی به ترتیب 41/0 ، 22/0 است و در مجموع 21 درصد از واریانس خلاقیت شناختی را تبیین می‌کنند. نتیجه‌گیری: مهم‌ترین نتیجة تحقیق حاضر این است که با قدرت تحمل ابهام و جو عاطفی خانواده دانشجویان می‌توان خلاقیت آنان را افزایش داد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

     Background: The ability of human creativity in thinking, reasoning, problem solving and intellectual development processes have defined. Among the structures that have significant impact on student creativity, tolerance for ambiguity and emotional atmosphere of the family are of great significance. This article sought to explore the relationship between tolerance for ambiguity and emotional family atmosphere that examined students with their creativity.      Method: This was a descriptive and correlation with the target application was conducted. To measure the variables of Abedi (1985) and Nodargahfard (1995) and Lin (1993) was used. Research community, all students of Islamic Azad University of Abadan form of which 304 students were selected by cluster analysis using correlation and regression analysis were obtained.      Conclusion: The results of the present study are that the family emotional climate of tolerance for ambiguity and students can increase their creativity. 

منابع و مأخذ:

غلامی، آویشه، کاکاوند، علیرضا (1389). رابطه بین قدرت تحمل ابهام و خلاقیت. اندیشه‌های نوین تربیتی دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی دانشگاه الزهرا(ع). دوره 6، شماره 4، 153-168.

محمودی، غلامرضا (1380). بررسی رابطه خلاقیت هنری و رفتار نابهنجار، پایان نامه دکتری روان‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد.

 میرلوحی، فخری سادات، مولوی، حسین، آتشی پور، سید احمد (1386). رابطه بین جو عاطفی خانواده  و خلاقیت دانش آموزان کلاس چهارم و پنجم دبستان شهر اصفهان. دانش و پژوهش در روان‌شناسی دانشگاه آزاد واحد خوراسگان(اصفهان)، شماره سی و یکم، ص 69-82.

نریمانی، محمد، ابوالقاسمی، عباس (1384). آزمون‌های روان‌شناختی. اردبیل: انتشارات باغ رضوان.

واحدی، شهرام، لطفی نیا، حسین، یوسفی شهیر، نعیمه (1388). رابطه شیوه‌های فرزند پروری و جو عاطفی خانواده با خلاقیت کودکان در مراکز پیش دبستانی شهر تبریز. زن و مطالعات خانواده، سال اول، شماره سوم،ص 107-121.

 

Albrecht, S., & Sack, R. (2000).  Accounting education: Charting a course through a perilous future. Accounting Education  Series, 16. Sarasota, Florida: American Accounting Association.

Amernic, J. H., &Beechy, T. (1984).Accounting students performance and cognitive complexity: some empirical evidence, The Accounting Review, 59, 300–313.

Ashman, S., Dawson, G., Panagiotides, H. (2008). Trajectories of maternal depression over 7 years: relations with child psychophysiology and behavior and role of contextual risks. Development and Psychopathology. 20 (1), 55.

Beveridge, W. I. (1957).The Art of Scientific Investigation. UK: Random House Trade Paperbacks.

Bodovski, K.,  Youn, M-j. (2010). Love, discipline and elementary school achievement: The role of family emotional climate. Social Science Research. 39, 585–595.

Budner, S. (1962).Intolerance of ambiguity as a personality variable. J Pers, 30, 29–50.

Chiu,  A, M, M. Xihua, Z . (2008). Family and motivation effects on mathematics achievement Analyses of students in 41 countries.  Learning and Instruction 18, 321- 336.

Chun, H., Dickson, G., (2011). A pschoeolgical model of acadmic performance among hispanisadolescents .Jornal youth adolesents, 40, 1581- 1594.

Chun, H., Dickson, G., (2011). A pschoeolgical model of acadmic performance among hispanisadolescents .Journal youth adolesents , 40, 1581- 1594.

Csikszentmihalyi,  M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper and Row.

Deborahw.,Tegano. (1990) Relationship Of Tolerance of and ambigutty and piayfulness to creativity. Psychological reports, 66, 1047-1056.

Dugas, M. J.,  Gosselin, P., &Ladouceur, R. (2001). Intolerance of uncertainty and worry: investigating. specificity in a nonclinical sample. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 551–558.

Ellsberg, D. (1961) Risk, ambiguity, and the Savage axioms. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 75, 643-669.

Facione, N., Facione, P., & Sanchez, C. (1994). Critical thinking disposition as a measure of competent clinical judgment: The development of the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory. Journal of Nursing Education, 33 (8), 345-350.

Facione, P.,  Facione, N., & Giancarlo, C. (2000). The Disposition toward critical thinking: Its character, measurement, and relationship to critical thinking skill. Informal Logic, 20 (1), 61-84.

Furnham, A., Ribchester, T. (1995). Tolerance of ambiguity: a review of the concept, its measurement and applications. Cur Psychology, 14, 179–199.

Geller, G. (2013). Tolerance for ambiguity: an ethics-based criterion for medical student selection. AcadMed , 88, 581–584.

Geller, G., Tambor, E. S., Chase, G. A., &Holtzman, N. A. (1993).Measuring physicians’ tolerance for ambiguity and its relationship to their reported practices regarding genetic testing.Med Care, 31, 989–1001.

Getzels, J., & Jackson, P. W. (1962). Creativity and intelligence: Explorations with gifted students. New York: Wiley. 

Guilford, j. p.(1975). Varieties of creativity giftedness. New York:McGraw. Hill

Hosseni,A,.(2003).The effect program of creativity education on knowledge, attitude and skills among students. Interactions.PresSocPsuchol Bull. doi: 10.1111/01 46167207 Vol.34 No.3 307-320.

Isaksen, S. G. (2007). The climate for transformation: Lessons for leaders. Creativity and Innovation Management, 16, 3-15.

Isaksen, S. G., &Ekvall, G. (2010).Managing for innovation: The two faces of tension within creative climates. Creativity and Innovation Management, 19(2), 73-88.

Ivcevic, Z., Marc, A., Brackett, John, D., & Mayer.(2007). Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Creativity. Journal of Personality. 75(2), 199-236.

Johnson, R.L., Grenier, J. K., &  Scott, M. P. (1995). patched over expression alters wing disc size and pattern: transcriptional and post-transcriptional effects on hedgehog targets. Development, 121(12), 4161-4170.  

Jonassen, D. H., & Grabowski, B. L. (1993).  Handbook of individual differences, learning, and instruction. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.

Kauman, J. C. (2009). Creativity 101. New York: Springer

Kaur R. & Jaswal. S.  (2005). Relationship Between Strategic Emotional Intelligence and Family Climate of Punjabi Adolescents. Department of Human Development and Sociology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141001, Punjab, India 7(4), 293-298.

Kearl, G. W., Mainous, A. G. (1992). 3rd, Harrell PL: Students’ expected practice locations and their tolerance of ambiguity. Acad Med, 67, 413–414.

Kika, D., Chang.,  Blasey, Ch., Ketter,T, A.&Siener, H. (2001). Family environment of children and adolescents with bipolar parents .Bipolar disorders ,3, 73-78.

Kirton, M. J. (1981). A reanalysis of  two scales of tolerance of ambiguity. Journal of Personality Assessment, 45, 405-414.

Kvale, J., Berg, L., Groff, J. Y., Lange, G.(1993). Factors associated with residents’ attitudes toward dying patients. Family  Med , 31, 691–696.

Liedtka, S. L., Church, B. K. & Ray, M. R. (2008). Performance Variability,  Ambiguity Intolerance, and Balanced Scorecard-Based Performance Assessments. Behavioral Research In Accounting, 20 (2)73–88.

Manteghi,M,.(2001).The Study of subject of creativity at textbooks of elementary school. Unpublished doctoral Master’s thesis, Islamic Azad University Shiraz Branch.

Matlin, M. W. (1998). Cognition (4th ed). Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.

Matteson, M. T., Smith, S. V. (1977). Selection of medical specialties: preferences Versus choices. J Med Educ , 52:548–554.

Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., Caruso, D. R., &Sitarenios, G. (2003).Measuring emotional intelligence with the MSCEIT V2.0 Emotion, 3, 97–105.

McLain, D. L. (2008). Evidence of the Properties of an Ambiguity Tolerance Measure (MSTATII). Psychological Reports. Article currently under review.

Nelson, J. R., Stage, S., Trout, A., Duppong-Hurley, K., Epstein, M.H. (2008). Which risk factors predict the basic reading skills of children at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders? Behavioral Disorders. 33 (2), 75–86.

Nevalainen, M., Kuikka, L., Sjoberg, L., Eriksson, J., Pitkala, K. (2012).Tolerance of uncertainty and fears of making mistakes among fifth-year medical students. Fam Med,  44, 240–246.

Norton. R. (1975). Measurement of ambiguity tolerance. Journal of Personality Assessment, 39,607-619.

Oghlidos, T,. (2005). The effect creativity education on increase creativity among girl students. Unpublished Master’s thesis,Islamic Azad University Shiraz Branch.

Owen, W., & Sweeney, R. (2002). Ambiguity Tolerance, Performance, Learning, and Satisfaction: A Research Direction. Journal of  Personality Assessment, 39, 607-619.

Pich, M. T., Loch, C.H., & DeMeyer, A. (2002). On uncertainty, ambiguity, and complexity in project management. Management Science, 48, 1008-1023.

Pincus, K. V. (1990) Auditor individual differences and fairness of presentation judgments.Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 9, 150–166.

Reis, J. (1997). Ambiguitätstoleranz. Beiträgezur EntwicklungeinesPersönlichkeitskonstrukts. Heidelberg: Asanger.

Rice, F., Lifford, K.J., Thomas, H.V., Thapar, A.(2007). Mental health and functional outcomes of maternal and adolescent reports of adolescent depressive symptoms.Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 46 (9), 1162.

Ruchkin VV, Eisemann M, Ha¨gglo¨f B rearing (1998) Parental and problem behaviors in male delinquents versus controls in northern Russia.Soc Psychiatry PsychiatrEpidemi.ol 33:477–482

Sarikaya, O., Civaner, M., Kalaca, S. (2006). The anxieties of medical students related to clinical training. Int Journal Clinical Pract, 60, 1414–1418.

Sherrill, W. W. (2001). Tolerance of ambiguity among MD/MBA students: implications for management potential. JournalContin Education Health Prof, 21, 117–122.

Siegel, G., Sorensen, J. E., &Richtermeyer, A. (2003). Part 1: Are you a business partner? Strategic Finance, 85(3), 38-43.

Soleimani,  N., Tebyanian, E. (2011). A study of the relationship between principals' creativity and degree of environmental happiness in Semnan high schools.Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 29, 1869 – 1876.

Steenkamp, L. P., &Wessels, P. L. (2014). An Analysis Of The Tolerance For Ambiguity Among Accounting Students. International Business & Economics Research Journal, 13(2), 275-288.

Stoycheva, K. (2008). The new and the best: Ambiguity tolerance and creativity motivation.  International Congress of Psychology, 20-25.

Tatzel,  M. (1980).Tolerance for ambiguity in adult college students. Psychology Rep, 47, 377–378.

Truxillo, D. M., Bauer, T. N., & Campion, M. A. (2009). Organizational justice interventions: Practicalities, concerns, and potential. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 2, 211-214.

Viscusi, W.K., y Chesson, H. (1999) Hopes and fears: The conflicting effects of risk ambiguity, Theory and Decision, 47, 153-178.

Wallach, M. A., &Kogan, N. (1965).Modes of thinking in young children: A study of the creativity–intelligence distinction. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.

Wang, Y. (2007). Software Engineering Foundations: A Software Science Perspective. CRC Book Series in Software Engineering. New York: Auerbach Publications.

Wang, Y. (2008). On Contemporary Denotational Mathematics for Computational Intelligence.Transactions of Computational Science, 2, 6–29.

Wang, Y. (2009). On cognitive foundations of creativity and the cognitive process of creation. International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence, 3(4), 1-18.

Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2006).Cognitive Informatics Models of the Brain. [C]. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 36(2), 203–207.

Weissenstein, A., Ligges, S., Brouwer, B., Marschall, B., &Friederichs, H. (2014). Measuring the ambiguity tolerance of medical students: a cross-sectional study from the first to sixth academic years.Weissenstein et al. BMC Family Practice, 15, 6.

Wessels, P. L., &Steenkamp, L. P. (2009).An investigation into students’ perceptions of accountants.Meditari Accountancy Research, 17(1), 117-132.

Zenasi, F., Besancon, M., &Lubart, T .(2008). Creativity and Tolerance of Ambiguity: An Empirical Study. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 42(1), 61-73.