ارائه الگوی عوامل مؤثر بر مدیریت شیوع چاقی در بین دانش آموزان

محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت دانش

یاسمن سادات اصل احمدی ¹ (دانشگاه گیلان)
رحیم رمضانی نژاد ² (استاد دانشگاه گیلان)
محمد جواد ضیا ³ (دانشگاه گیلان - رشت)

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/09/26 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/12/19 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/06/01

کلید واژه: عوامل اجتماعی-مدرسه‌ای, سبک زندگی, ویژگی‌های دانش‌آموز, مدل داوسون و بریچ, طرح کنترل وزن و چاقی (کوچ),

چکیده مقاله :

هدف از این مطالعه طراحی مدلی از عوامل مؤثر بر مدیریت شیوع چاقی در بین دانش آموزان بود. روش پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-پیمایشی و ازنظر هدف، کاربردی بود که به روش میدانی انجام‌گرفت. جامعه آماری شامل معلمان تربیت‌بدنی استان گیلان (853) نفر بود که نمونه آماری به تعداد قابل کفایت برای مدل‌سازی (100 نفر) به شیوه تصادفی انتخاب شد. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته‌ای بر اساس مدل و بریچ با طیف 5 ارزشی لیکرت بود که روایی صوری و محتوایی آن توسط 15 نفر از اساتید و صاحب‌نظران تربیت‌بدنی بررسی و تائید گردید. پایایی ابزار بر اساس مقدار ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (84/0=α) و اعتبار سازه (اکتشافی و تائیدی) بررسی و تأیید شدند. از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری نرم‌افزار PLS3 برای تحلیل یافته‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون فریدمن نشان داد، به ترتیب عوامل اجتماعی-مدرسه (82/2)، سبک زندگی والدین (91/1) و ویژگی‌های دانش‌آموز (26/1) دارای بیشترین اولویت بودند. عوامل اجتماعی-مدرسه، ویژگی‌های دانش‌آموز و سبک زندگی والدین به ترتیب 43/0، 26/0 و 23/0 از تغییرات کنترل وزن و چاقی را تبیین می‌کنند؛ بنابراین وزارت آموزش‌وپرورش می‌تواند از طریق تغییر و دست‌کاری در عوامل اجتماعی-مدرسه، ویژگی‌های دانش‌آموز و تأثیرگذاری بر سبک زندگی والدین در جهت کنترل وزن و چاقی دانش آموزان، برنامه‌ریزی و تمهیداتی داشته باشد و در جهت توانمند ساختن نیروی انسانی با ایجاد گروه‌های اجتماعی جهت تعامل بهینه با والدین متناسب با ویژگی‌های منحصربه‌فرد دانش آموزان در اقلیم‌های گوناگون اهتمام بیشتری بورزد تا مدیریت موفق‌تری در شیوع چاقی در بین دانش آموزان داشته باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The current study aimed to propose a model of the factors that influenced the management of the prevalence of obesity among students. It was a descriptive-survey study in terms of purpose and was conducted as an applied field study. The population included all teachers of physical education in Guilan Province, Iran (N=853).The participants required for the sample(100 teachers) were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the model proposed by Dowson and Breech that contained items designed according to the 5-point Likert scale. Fifteen professors and experts in the field of physical education investigated and confirmed the face and content validity of the questionnaire. Moreover, the Cronbach’s Alpha reliability of the questionnaire was determined at α=0.84, and its construct (exploratory and confirmatory) validity was investigated and confirmed. Data analysis was conducted using Structured Equation Modeling in PLS3. According to the results of the Freidman test, social-school factors(2.82), parents’ lifestyles (1.91),and students’ characteristics (1.26)had the highest priorities, respectively. Social-school factors, students’ characteristics, and parents’ lifestyles explained 43%, 26%, and 23% of the changes in weight control and obesity, respectively; thus, policymakers and planners in the field of education, headmasters, and physical education teachers can optimally implement social-school factors according to students’ characteristics and adopt plans and strategies to focus on teaching and promoting healthy and dynamic lifestyles among students’ parents so that they may have more successful performance in managing the prevalence of obesity among the students of each climate.

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